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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chest radiographs of 39 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were studied. Three showed apical pulmonary fibrosis, two with cavitary lesions. Other known causes of lung disease were excluded. Symptoms and roentgenographic evidence of spondylitis were present for many years prior to the onset of pulmonary symptoms, which variably included shortness of breath, cough, hemoptysis, pleuritic chest pain, fever, and chills. Apical pulmonary lesions of unknown cause were absent in 53 age, sex, and racematched osteoarthritis control patients. The findings suggest that apical pulmonary fibrosis may be an extra-skeletal manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis, the frequency of which approaches that of spondylitic heart disease.
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PMID:Pulmonary manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis. 120 76

Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy should be considered in any child who presents with a non-inflammatory synovitis of the knees, ankles and wrists and particularly if there is finger clubbing or soft tissue hypertrophy of the fingers. It is rare to get the typical facial appearances until after adolescence. Alteration in epiphyseal growth is associated with the periosteal reaction, as is change in the shape of the patella; whether this leads to premature osteoarthrosis is not yet certain. Secondary disease is common in cyanotic congenital heart disease, but its frequency appears to be decreasing with early treatment of such children. Chest infections are also better controlled so again it is less common, but does still occur, particularly in cystic fibrosis in the older age group who have intractable chest infections. It is seen but rarely in disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease or pulmonary metastases, particularly from bone tumours.
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PMID:Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy in the paediatric age. 162 66

Functional status and noncompliance were assessed at baseline in 327 patients with osteoarthritis (OA), 96% of whom were interviewed again later either by telephone or at their next scheduled primary care visit. One-third of the sample reported noncompliance at baseline. During the follow-up interviews, commonly identified problems included having an inadequate supply of medicines to last until their next physician visit (47%), experiencing gastrointestinal complaints (36%), and reporting barriers to primary care (32%). For OA patients with hypertension or heart disease (N = 241), 75% reported clinically important symptoms. Patients with poorer functional status at baseline generally reported more subsequent problems. We conclude that patients frequently have correctable problems (e.g., medication noncompliance and side effects, barriers to care). These patients may be identified prospectively by their poor functional status. Arthritis health care professionals may wish to consider patient-oriented interventions to obviate these problems when evaluating functional status.
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PMID:Common problems experienced by adults with osteoarthritis. 248 13

The authors discuss the results of 81 total knee arthroplasties in 65 patients performed between April 1987 and April 1989 using a Tricon hybrid system, consisting of the Tricon M bio-ingrowth femoral prosthesis and the Tricon C cemented tibial component. The Tricon metal-backed patella was used until February 29, 1988, when the all-plastic Tricon C patella was introduced. With an average follow up of 24 months (range: 12 to 48), 38 arthroplasties using this hybrid system were rated as excellent (47%) and 38 were rated as good (47%). The Hospital for Special Surgery scores, which averaged 53 preoperatively, averaged 80 at the most recent follow-up assessment. At the most recent follow-up assessment, 79% of osteoarthritis patients and 56% of rheumatoid arthritis patients have no pain at rest, while 19% of osteoarthritis patients and 44% of rheumatoid arthritis patients have mild pain at rest. Sixty-four percent of osteoarthritis patients and 33% of rheumatoid arthritis patients have no pain while walking, whereas 26% of osteoarthritis patients and 56% of rheumatoid arthritis patients have mild pain while walking. Postoperative complications included fragmentation of the patella in five patients, all occurring with the metal-backed patella. Five patients also experienced petellar subluxation (two metal-backed and three all-polyethylene). One patient had deep venous thrombosis which was treated successfully by re-hospitalization and heparin therapy; one patient with chronic heart disease expired 4 days postoperatively. Use of the Tricon hybrid system has resulted in 94% of all patients having a good or excellent result an average of 24 months postoperatively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Tricon hybrid total knee arthroplasty: a review of 81 knees followed for 2 to 4 years. 760 18

This study examined the effects of comorbid medical conditions (heart disease, pulmonary disease, hypertension and obesity) on the association of radiographic knee osteoarthritis (OA) with long-term difficulty in physical function. Data are from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1971-1975 (NHANES I), a prospective epidemiologic cohort study, and the NHANES Epidemiologic Follow-up Study, 1982-1984 (NHEFS) and included 4059 persons who were 45-74 years old and participated in the detailed examination component of NHANES I. Knee OA was ascertained by anterior-posterior bilateral radiographs of the knee and self-report of knee pain, heart and pulmonary disease by self report of disease or symptoms, and hypertension and obesity by blood pressure and weight measurements. The presence of symptomatic knee OA at NHANES I was associated with reported difficulty at NHEFS 1982-84 in functions which used the lower extremity (ambulation and transfer). The presence of coexistent chronic conditions, particularly heart disease, pulmonary disease and obesity, increased the likelihood of subsequent disability. These findings suggest that knee OA is associated with long-term physical disability, and that the presence of coexistent chronic disease may increase the amount of long-term disability from knee OA.
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PMID:Long-term physical functioning in persons with knee osteoarthritis from NHANES. I: Effects of comorbid medical conditions. 772 94

A variety of developments have come together to serve as both an impetus to and foundation for the development of a new POpulation HEalth Model (POHEM) at Statistics Canada. Part of the impetus is statistical and derives from weaknesses in Canada's health statistics programme--particularly the lack of balance between information on health outcomes and health care resource consumption, and the absence of a coherent statistical structure. The other major impetus is the need for rational processes for managing and allocating resources to improve the health of Canadians. The foundation for the development of this model has come from the revolution in computing. Dramatic improvements have opened up new methodological opportunities, particularly sophisticated simulation modelling and detailed analyses of large volumes of microdata. POHEM is designed to build on these increasingly powerful methods in order to meet health statistical and policy needs. At this time, POHEM is like a partially-completed building. This article reviews its motivation, the overall architectural plan, and the portion of the structure already completed. A major portion of POHEM is devoted to the explicit modelling of chronic disease processes, using monte carlo microsimulation methods. The article concludes with illustrations of a few recent applications, focusing on the joint patterns of smoking, cholesterol and heart disease, osteoarthritis and lung cancer morbidity. While POHEM has been developed in a Canadian context, work is under way to create a version that can be used in other countries.
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PMID:POHEM--a framework for understanding and modelling the health of human populations. 774 Aug 30

A cross-sectional study of 1385 Saudi females attending 15 health centres in urban and rural areas in the Riyadh region was conducted during September and October 1992 to determine the prevalence of obesity and its associated factors. The mean age was 32.2 +/- 11.7 years and body mass index (BMI) 29.2 +/- 7.0 kg m-2. Only 26.1% of subjects were their ideal weight (BMI < 25 kg m-2), while 26.8% were overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg m-2), 41.9% were moderately obese (BMI 30-40 kg m-2) and 5.1% were morbidly obese (BMI > 40 kg m-2). High-risk groups for obesity were mostly middle aged, multiparous housewives. Patients living in rural areas had greater BMIs than those living in urban areas (P < 0.01). Thirty per cent of overweight participants did not think they were overweight. The study emphasizes the need for community based programmes for preventing and reducing obesity since weight control is effective in ameliorating most of the disorders associated with obesity such as Type 2 non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, hypertension, stroke, heart disease, sleep apnoea syndrome and osteoarthritis of the knees. The focus of efforts should be directed towards young mothers who are at risk of developing obesity and who play a central role in perpetuating it in their offspring.
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PMID:High prevalence of clinical obesity among Saudi females: a prospective, cross-sectional study in the Riyadh region. 800 60

A retrospective review was performed of 448 consecutive patients undergoing primary, unilateral, bicondylar, and cemented total knee arthroplasty under epidural anesthesia by three surgeons to determine factors contributing to deep vein thrombosis rate. All had venography on the fourth or fifth postoperative day and received aspirin and elastic stockings as their only thromboprophylaxis. The overall deep vein thrombosis rate was 41% (2% had proximal clots). The rate of deep vein thrombosis was not related to obesity, history of heart disease, hypertension, prior malignancy, smoking, diagnosis of osteoarthritis, duration of surgery, type of local anesthetic used, or the use of postoperative epidural analgesia. The rate of deep vein thrombosis varied significantly between surgeons: one surgeon had an overall deep vein thrombosis rate of 58% (proximal thrombi, 4%) whereas the other two surgeons had a deep vein thrombosis rate of 35% (proximal clot thrombi, 1%). A number of possible mechanisms to explain the variation in deep vein thrombosis rates between surgeons are provided.
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PMID:Factors affecting deep vein thrombosis rate following total knee arthroplasty under epidural anesthesia. 847 30

We investigated the association of non-insulin-dependent (Type 2) diabetes mellitus and depression symptoms in a representative community-dwelling elderly population independently of other conditions such as gender, age, status, disability, cognitive impairment and a number of chronic medical conditions such as chronic obstructive lung disease, degenerative joint disease, heart disease, cirrhosis of the liver, cholelithiasis, peptic ulcer and kidney stones. A total of 1339 elderly subjects living in southern Italy were randomly selected from electoral rolls and evaluated. All subjects were tested by the Geriatric Depression Scale to detect depression, the Mini-Mental State Examination to study cognitive function and the Activity Daily Living Index to evaluate disability. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus affected 14.7% of our sample. Depression was more prevalent in women over 75 years of age than in younger women (15.9 vs 8.1%, p < 0.001). In multiple linear regression analysis, diabetes mellitus was found to be significantly associated with depression independently of age, gender, loneliness, cognitive impairment, chronic obstructive lung disease, degenerative joint disease, heart diseases, cancer, kidney disease, cirrhosis of the liver and cholelithiasis. It is concluded that non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is significantly associated with depression in the elderly, which may have clinical implications for the achievement of sufficient blood glucose control.
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PMID:Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus is associated with a greater prevalence of depression in the elderly. The Osservatorio Geriatrico of Campania Region Group. 889 92

After cancer and heart disease, arthritis is the third most common health problem in the UK and Europe. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis require more medical care then those with osteoarthritis because rheumatoid patients have multiple joint involvement. Some patients require surgery for successful treatment of their painful joints. This article outlines the surgical procedures most commonly undertaken for reconstruction of the rheumatoid foot, and summarizes the indications for these procedures and the causes of failure.
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PMID:The surgical management of the rheumatoid foot. 893 2


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