Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Parents of children with cystic fibrosis have been reported to have a high prevalence of increased airway reactivity, but these studies were done in a select young, healthy, symptomless population. In the present study respiratory symptoms were examined in 315 unselected parents of children with cystic fibrosis and 162 parents of children with congenital heart disease (controls). The cardinal symptom of airway reactivity, wheezing, was somewhat more prevalent in cystic fibrosis parents than in controls, but for most subgroups this increased prevalence did not reach statistical significance. Among those who had never smoked, 38% of obligate heterozygotes for cystic fibrosis but only 25% of the controls reported wheezing (p less than 0.05). The cystic fibrosis parents who had never smoked but reported wheezing had lower FEV1 and FEF25-75, expressed as a percentage of the predicted value, than control parents; and an appreciable portion of the variance in pulmonary function was contributed by the interaction of heterozygosity for cystic fibrosis with wheezing. For cystic fibrosis parents, but not controls, the complaint of wheezing significantly contributed to the prediction of pulmonary function (FEV1 and FEF25-75). In addition, parents of children with cystic fibrosis reported having lung disease before the age of 16 more than twice as frequently as control parents. Other respiratory complaints, including dyspnoea, cough, bronchitis, and hay fever, were as common in controls as in cystic fibrosis heterozygotes. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that heterozygosity for cystic fibrosis is associated with increased airway reactivity and its symptoms, and that the cystic fibrosis heterozygotes who manifest airway reactivity and its symptoms may be at risk for poor pulmonary function.
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PMID:Pulmonary abnormalities in obligate heterozygotes for cystic fibrosis. 343 35

Factors governing the immediate and long-term outcome of surgical treatment of aorto-iliac aneurysmal disease were investigated in 182 elective and 116 ruptured consecutive cases. There was a 3.3% operative mortality for elective procedures and a 46.6% mortality for ruptured aneurysms. Long-term survival of elective resections was significantly reduced by age (0.01 less than p less than 0.025) and concomitant heart disease (0.025 less than p less than 0.05). Compensated renal insufficiency and chronic obstructive pneumopathy were not enough individually to preclude elective resection. In the emergency procedures the correlation of pre-, per- and postoperative factors to mortality was assessed: patient age (p = 0.01) and preoperative duration of symptoms less than 6 hours (p = 0.0076), arterial hypotension at the outset, during and at the end of operation (p = 0.0195; 0.0076 and 0.005 respectively), blood loss (p = 0.003), suprarenal extension of aneurysm (p = 0.0098) and intraperitoneal hemorrhage (p = 0.0094) were significant predictive factors in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis peroperative duration of hypotension greater than 30 minutes was the strongest single independent discriminator (p = 0.0076), death being caused by myocardial ischemia in elderly patients, secondary to poorly tolerated severe hypovolemia.
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PMID:Prognostic factors in the surgical treatment of aorto-iliac aneurysmal disease. Factors affecting survival and long-term results. 365 31

We compared the practices of subspecialists and general internists in counseling about smoking and exercise, using data from a study of recent graduates of United States training programs in internal medicine. Information on the characteristics of physicians and their clinical practices was obtained from self-report questionnaires. The internists most likely to counsel smokers regardless of the presence or absence of diseases associated with smoking are cardiologists, pulmonary specialists, nephrologists, and generalists trained in a primary care residency funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation or Health Resources Administration. Most internists practice tertiary prevention by counseling a high percentage of smokers with heart or lung disease. Rheumatologists counsel a higher percentage of all patients with poor exercise habits but a lower percentage of such patients with heart disease than do other internists. The differences in counseling related to training are not explained by different levels of involvement as a primary care physician. Rather, these differences appear to reflect training and subspecialty-specific priorities for counseling.
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PMID:The practices of general and subspecialty internists in counseling about smoking and exercise. 372 56

A review of factors altering the safety margin between a therapeutic and a toxic dose of digitalis includes the consideration of: clinical conditions to which digitalis action may be undesirable, allergy and hypersensitivity to digitalis, physiologic factors modifying tolerance to digitalis, factors that change the amount of digitalis in the body, nervous and metabolic factors modifying tolerance to digitalis, modifications of digitalis tolerance produced by the status of the myocardium, and modifications of digitalis tolerance produced by diseases of other organs. The problems related to digitalis toxicity are more common than those of resistance to treatment. The most important factors contributing to decreased tolerance and risk of toxicity are: heart disease, poor renal function, hypokalemia and hypothyroidism. The roles of impaired liver function, chronic lung disease, acid-base disturbances, anesthesia, autonomic imbalance, calcium and magnesium are less important and less well established.
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PMID:Factors affecting tolerance to digitalis. 388 54

To determine the epidemiology of dyspnea in terminal cancer patients, we examined data from the National Hospice Study, which followed up patients during their last six weeks of life. The incidence of dyspnea in these patients was 70.2 percent, with prevalence rates generally exceeding 50 percent at any of three measurements. In addition to lung or pleural involvement by the tumor, the presence of underlying lung disease or cardiac and low performance on the Karnofsky scale were significantly associated with dyspnea. Lung, colorectal, and breast carcinomas were the most common tumor sites in our dyspneic patients and accounted for almost 60 percent of cancer diagnoses in these patients. In 23.9 percent of dyspneic terminal cancer patients, neither lung or pleural involvement nor underlying lung or heart disease could be identified as risk factors.
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PMID:Dyspnea in terminally ill cancer patients. 394 83

Seven male patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease were studied. Serum testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone, thyroxine and triiodothyronine levels did not differ significantly from control values. Thyroid stimulating hormone and prolactin responses to injected thyrotrophin releasing hormone were normal. Impaired gonadotrophin responses to injected gonadotrophin releasing hormone were noted in two patients. The hypothalmic-pituitary-testicular axis appears to be better preserved in cyanotic congenital heart disease than in chronic obstructive airways disease and restrictive lung disease for a similar degree of hypoxia. Possible explanations are discussed.
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PMID:Endocrine studies in cyanotic congenital heart disease. 398 17

Metoprolol, a cardio-selective beta-adrenergic blocking agent, was studied in 25 patients to assess its effect on "non-specific" ST-segment and T-wave changes both at rest and during exercise. In two thirds of the patients with ST-T-abnormalities at rest, the changes disappeared completely after beta-blockade but reappeared during exercise in some of them. Only in 9 patients were the changes eliminated also during exercise implying that they were "functional", i.e., caused by increased sympathetic discharge. In those patients, where the ST-T-abnormalities were not affected at all by the beta-blockade, they were probably due to organic heart disease, whereas when they were reduced but not completely abolished, increased sympathetic tone as well as organic heart disease might be the cause. It is inferred that the diagnostic information is increased by studying the effect of beta-blockade not only at rest but also during exercise. Metoprolol seems to be well suited for the evaluation of "non-specific" ST-T-abnormalities, especially when non-selective beta-blockers should be avoided, e.g. in obstructive lung disease.
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PMID:Effect of metoprolol on "non-specific" ST-segment and T-wave changes. 407 10

Small-bowel absorption was studied using the xylose absorption test in 16 patients with varying degrees of arterial oxygen desaturation due to either congenital heart disease or chronic lung disease. Xylose absorption was decreased in the cases with more severe desaturation. The correlation of xylose absorption with arterial saturation was significant. In nine cases hypoxia was relieved by either oxygen administration or surgery. Repeat testing showed an increase in xylose absorption in every case, the mean increase being 11.7%, which was statistically significant.
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PMID:Arterial oxygen desaturation and intestinal absorption of xylose. 506 38

A method was developed for determining the ratio of cardiopulmonary blood volume to stroke volume, in horses. The radioisotope 99 Tc (technetium 99m pertechnetate) was injected into the jugular vein as a bolus, which was then detected in the right and left ventricles consecutively by a scanning device consisting of a Na I crystal, a collimator, an amplifier and a discriminator. The radiocardiogram (RCG) and the ECG were recorded simultaneously by a two-channel writing device. The ratio of cardiopulmonary blood volume to stroke volume (cardiopulmonary flow index = CPFI) was then determined from the RCG and ECG tracings. Five categories of horses were examined, viz. Thoroughbreds in training, showjumpers in training, horses not in training, horses with cardiovascular disease and horses with chronic lung disease. The mean CPFI of the above categories were respectively 7.0 +/- 0.39, 7.3 +/- 0.45, 6.7 +/- 0.61, 9.8 +/- 1.30 and 6.2 +/- 0.47. The mean CPFI of the subjects with heart disease was significantly greater than the mean values of the other four categories (P less than 0.001). It was concluded that the CPFI was a reproducible physiological parameter in horses and that the value was significantly increased in our series of subjects with heart disease.
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PMID:The ratio of cardiopulmonary blood volume to stroke volume as an index of cardiac function in horses. 609 21

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia is a serious chronic lung disease of infancy but despite numerous problems such as poor growth, recurrent lower respiratory tract infections, and cor pulmonale, steady improvement and recovery may generally be expected. We report four infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in whom the cardiopulmonary course did not show the usual steady improvement. Each infant was found to have an unsuspected cardiopulmonary lesion in addition to lung disease: two had congenital heart disease and two upper airway obstruction. Three improved after surgical intervention but one patient died immediately after this. Persistent right ventricular hypertrophy in patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia maintained on supplemental oxygen, and a particularly slow rate of recovery from the need for supplemental oxygen are markers that should lead to evaluation for coexisting cardiopulmonary abnormalities.
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PMID:Unsuspected cardiopulmonary abnormalities complicating bronchopulmonary dysplasia. 623 74


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