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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 66-year-old woman with a previous history of chronic lung disease, without evidence of heart disease and without signs of left ventricular hypertrophy developed a dynamic intraventricular obstruction documented by a Doppler-derived gradient of 25 mmHg and by physical signs consisting of a brisk carotid pulse and a harsh systolic murmur while she was on treatment with theophylline and hexoprenaline. Both physical signs and Doppler-derived gradient disappeared after withdrawal of bronchodilator drugs.
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PMID:[Intraventricular transient obstruction related to bronchodilator treatment]. 147 99

Pulmonary hemosiderosis (PH), a rare pathology, usually occurring during infancy and childhood, is characterized by numerous and repeated intra-alveolar bleedings, interstitial iron build-up with consequent progressive fibrosis and severe anemia. PH can be basically divided into 3 different categories: Primitive or idiopathic, involving a primitive deficit of antioxidizing enzymes in the erythrocytes in genetically predisposed subjects; Secondary, subsequent to chronic pneumopathy or cardiopathy; Associated with various pathologies including collagenopathies, glomerulonephritis, myocardiopathies, diabetes, steatorrhea, tireotossicosis. A particular type of Pulmonary Hemosiderosis, associated with allergy to cow's milk, has been described for the first time by Heiner. We present in this paper our personal experience of a young patient suffering from pulmonary hemosiderosis induced by cow's milk protein.
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PMID:[Pulmonary hemosiderosis induced by cow's milk proteins: a discussion of a clinical case]. 150 57

To determine observer agreement for a clinical score and oximetry in lower respiratory infection in children less than 2 yr of age, a convenience sample of 56 infants hospitalized with bronchiolitis or pneumonia was assessed independently by two observers. A total of 12 infants had chronic lung disease of prematurity or congenital heart disease. Infants in whom oxygen supplementation could not be discontinued for at least 5 min were excluded. A severity score was assigned for each of four categories (respiratory rate, retractions, wheeze, and general appearance). A total for each patient was obtained by summing the score for each category. Oxygen saturation was measured using a Nellcor oximeter. Agreement beyond chance was measured using the kappa statistic. The relationship between observers for total score and oximetry and the mean total score and mean oximetry value for each patient was expressed as a Pearson correlation coefficient. A total of 56 infants and children were studied: 2 had pneumonia, 11 had an exacerbation of pulmonary signs and symptoms with their underlying cardiac or pulmonary disease, and 43 had bronchiolitis. Kappa was 0.48 for general assessment, 0.38 for respiratory rate, 0.31 for wheeze, and 0.25 for retractions. All values were statistically significantly greater than 0 at p less than 0.01. Correlations for total score and for oximetry were 0.68 and 0.88, respectively. The median difference between oximetry readings was 1. The correlation coefficient between total score and oximetry was -0.04. The limited agreement for clinical signs makes comparison of patient illness severity between studies difficult.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Observer agreement for respiratory signs and oximetry in infants hospitalized with lower respiratory infections. 173 71

Disorders of ventilation and postoperative bronchial and pulmonary infections still create serious problems in general surgery. Three factors determine these complications: (1) the transient and usually resolutive repercussions of anaesthesia on ventilation; (2) the sometimes deep and prolonged alteration of lung function directly due to the surgical procedure, and (3) the patient's underlying condition. In practice, this last group of surgical patients can be divided into fragile subjects (elderly people, pregnant women), subjects at risk (smokers, malnourished or obese patients) and disabled subjects suffering from chronic obstructive or restrictive lung disease, asthma or heart disease. Preoperative clinical, radiological and, chiefly, functional evaluation leads to preventive measures. Preparation for surgery relies, to a great extent, on respiratory physiotherapy which, if needed, may be integrated in a pneumological therapeutic program. Combined with an efficient postoperative analgesia and with an optional anaesthesia technique, respiratory physiotherapy is essential to the prevention of respiratory complications in surgery.
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PMID:[Respiratory risk of general surgery in adults]. 188 56

Developmental abnormalities in the systemic blood supply to the lungs occur in association with congenital heart disease, congenital lung disease, and rarely with apparently normal heart and lungs. Although most of these anomalies are rare, in the aggregate they are relatively common and of special interest to students of chest and heart disease.
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PMID:Fleischner lecture. Developmental abnormalities in the systemic blood supply to the lungs. 200 27

The scarcity of donor organs remains the main restricting factor for heart, heart-lung, and lung transplantation. Recently new techniques for separate harvesting of the heart and the lungs from one donor for two recipients have been developed. These techniques enable the optimal use of available grafts. Another approach to this problem is combined heart-lung transplantation for patients with end-stage lung disease but still adequate heart performance, and the subsequent transplantation of the recipient's heart into a second patient with end-stage heart disease. The main advantages of this procedure are its technical simplicity compared with double lung transplantation; the preservation of aortobronchial collaterals, resulting in improved blood supply to the trachea; and the possibility of transplanting a conditioned right heart well adapted to chronically elevated pulmonary pressure. We recently have performed this procedure with good clinical results and suggest it as the method of choice whenever two well-matched recipients are available.
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PMID:Domino transplantation of heart-lung and heart: an approach to overcome the scarcity of donor organs. 200 65

The ideal body weight (kg) of each individual can be calculated by the following formula: ideal body mass index x the height (m)2, since body mass index is expressed by the body weight in kilogram divided by the height squared in meters. We investigated an ideal body mass index with respect to morbidity in 4565 Japanese men and women aged 30-59 years. Ten medical problems served as indices of morbidity: lung disease, heart disease, upper gastrointestinal disease, hypertension, renal disease, liver disease, hyperlipidemia, hyperuricemia, diabetes mellitus and anemia. The value of body mass index associated with the lowest morbidity was 22.2 kg/m2 in men and 21.9 kg/m2 in women, according to the quadratic regression curves relating body mass index to morbidity. From these findings, we propose that the ideal body weight is 22 x height (m)2. Our recommendations apply to the age group studied, namely 30-59 years.
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PMID:Ideal body weight estimated from the body mass index with the lowest morbidity. 201 Feb 54

The correlation between P pulmonale and right atrial overload in chronic lung disease was studied. Right atrial pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, and cardiac output were measured with a Swan-Ganz catheter in nine patients with chronic lung disease and P pulmonale on the electrocardiogram (P wave amplitude of greater than or equal to 2.5 mm (0.25 mV) in leads II, III, and a VF. The results were compared with those in six patients with an atrial septal defect (left to right shunt greater than or equal to 50%) and six patients with pulmonary hypertension (mean pressure greater than or equal to 30 mm Hg without left sided heart disease). Right atrial volume and wall thickness were measured in 10 cases of P pulmonale among 1000 necropsy cases and compared with 141 normal hearts from the same series. The patients with P pulmonale did not show a significant increase in right atrial or pulmonary artery pressures. None of the patients with an atrial septal defect or pulmonary hypertension had P pulmonale on the electrocardiogram. In the necropsy cases of P pulmonale mean (1 SD) in right atrial volume (32 (12) ml) and wall thickness (1.5 (0.7) mm) were not significantly increased (40 (14) ml and 1.4 (0.5) mm in the normal hearts). There was a significant inverse relation between the presence of P pulmonale and the cardiothoracic ratio. In all the patients with P pulmonale chest x ray showed a low cardiothoracic ratio, a considerably depressed diaphragm, and a pendulous heart. This study showed no correlation between P pulmonale and right atrial overload in chronic lung disease. A more vertical anatomical position of the heart, particularly of the right atrium, seems to be the major factor responsible for generation of P pulmonale in chronic airways disease.
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PMID:Lack of correlation between P pulmonale and right atrial overload in chronic obstructive airways disease. 201 20

Although several previous studies have been done on the nature and prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Papua New Guinea no study has looked exclusively at a highlander population. This article reviews 154 cardiac patients who first presented to the Mt Hagen adult outpatient department over a period of one year. The study excluded non-highlanders, patients under 12 years of age, and patients with heart disease secondary to anaemia or diseases of the blood vessels. Heart disease was found to constitute a significant proportion of outpatient visits and admissions. Cor pulmonale secondary to chronic lung disease was the commonest condition seen, occurring in higher frequency than reported elsewhere, and accounting for the majority of cases of congestive heart failure. Valvular heart disease was also common, often presenting in a precocious and severe form. Congenital bicuspid aortic values were important in the generation of aortic valve disease in this population. Arrhythmias and conduction disturbances were also common. Diseases of the myocardium and pericardium occurred infrequently and were of the same nature as those reported in other studies in Papua New Guinea. Hypertension was probably underreported in this study, with renal disease being a contributing factor in the cases seen. Ischaemic heart disease represented a small number of the total cases, but was probably underreported.
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PMID:Adult heart disease in Mt Hagen: a study of 154 patients. 208 Jun 72

Though breathing pattern is frequently analyzed during clinical exercise testing, there is little information regarding its usefulness in the differential diagnosis of impaired exercise tolerance. This study tested the hypothesis that differences in peak tidal volume during exercise between patients with different cardiorespiratory diseases are related largely to differences in severity of respiratory mechanical impairment (vital capacity), not to differences in disease state. Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, restrictive lung disease, bronchial asthma, and heart disease (mitral valve disease or left ventricular dysfunction) were studied. Subjects selected had one and only one of the above diagnoses. All subjects performed maximal (symptom-limited) incremental exercise on a cycle ergometer. Multiple linear regression of all subjects (n = 30) in all four groups showed a significant correlation between VTmax and VC: VTmax = 0.55, VC -0.09 L (r = 0.827, p less than 0.0001). The VTmax/VC (x 100) was (mean +/- SD) 44 +/- 15, 54 +/- 11, 56 +/- 11, and 54 +/- 12 for the COPD, RLD, BA and HD patients respectively. There was no significant difference between any of the groups. We concluded that differences in VTmax between different patients are related largely to differences in VC (ie, differences in severity of respiratory mechanical impairment), not to differences in disease state. Measurement of VTmax or the VTmax/VC ratio has little value in the differential diagnosis of exertional dyspnea.
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PMID:Diagnostic value of maximal exercise tidal volume. 224 73


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