Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A study was performed on the human auricle muscle cells which were isolated from biopsies obtained in clinics during operation on heart. The nuclear DNA and the total protein in the cytoplasm were revealed by means of the two consecutive tests: the Feulgen and naphthol yellow S staining. DNA and protein contents were determined by two wave-length scanning cytophotometry. It is ascertained that under mitral defects the investigated parameters exhibit a tendency to increase with age: the nuclear ploidy and total protein content in the cytoplasm rise simultaneously with the increase in nuclear and cellular volumes, the polyploidy reaching higher levels than in myocardium of people of the same age without heart disease. If a patient suffered from ischemia, the nuclear polyploidy increased more slowly than cell hypertrophy to reach the level near the natural age limits.
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PMID:[A cytophotometric comparison of the age-related changes in the DNA and protein content in human atrial cardiomyocytes in heart diseases]. 226 Feb 23

The authors investigated 100 patients (55 males and 45 females) aged 16 to 45 years who experienced cerebral ischemic attack, excluding venous thrombosis. Transient ischemic attacks accounted for 12% only. Attacks were related to usual causes of brain ischemia in 49 cases (premature atherosclerosis in 26, cardiopathy in 20 and lacunar stroke in 3). Thirty-eight events were attributed to most uncommon etiologies. Nonatherosclerotic arteriopathies (10 cases) such as spontaneous dissection, dysplasia or megadolichoarteries were easily diagnosed by angiography. Oral contraceptives (14 cases) and migraine (2 cases) were diagnosis of exclusion. Hematological disorders were a possible cause in 10 patients. Etiology remained undetermined in 13 cases. Four patients died acutely. Follow-up data were obtained in 93 survivors with a mean duration of 26 months (range, 6 to 60 months). Four subjects died during follow-up and 6 experienced recurrent stroke (annual recurrence rate: 3%). In activities of daily living, 64% of patients had complete autonomy while 13% had mild residual disability and 23% had severe handicap.
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PMID:[Cerebral arterial ischemic complications in young adults. Etiology and prognosis]. 232 55

Cardiac complications represent a major risk to patients undergoing vascular surgery. Diabetic patients may be particularly prone to such complications due to the high incidence of concomitant coronary artery disease, the severity of which may be clinically unrecognized. Attempts to stratify groups by clinical criteria have been useful but lack the predictive value of currently used noninvasive techniques such as dipyridamole-thallium scintigraphy. One hundred one diabetic patients were evaluated with dipyridamole-thallium scintigraphy before undergoing vascular surgery. The incidence of thallium abnormalities was high (80%) and did not correlate with clinical markers of coronary disease. Even in a subgroup of patients with no overt clinical evidence of underlying heart disease, thallium abnormalities were present in 59%. Cardiovascular complications, however, occurred in only 11% of all patients. Statistically significant prediction of risk was not achieved with simple assessment of thallium results as normal or abnormal. Quantification of total number of reversible defects, as well as assessment of ischemia in the distribution of the left anterior descending coronary artery was required for optimum predictive accuracy. The prevalence of dipyridamole-thallium abnormalities in a diabetic population is much higher than that reported in nondiabetic patients and cannot be predicted by usual clinical indicators of heart disease. In addition, cardiovascular risk of vascular surgery can be optimally assessed by quantitative analysis of dipyridamole-thallium scintigraphy and identification of high- and low-risk subgroups.
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PMID:Predictive value of quantitative dipyridamole-thallium scintigraphy in assessing cardiovascular risk after vascular surgery in diabetes mellitus. 258 92

The presence of fine crackles is suggestive of heart failure in patients without pulmonary disease. We have been interested in the clinical observation that fine crackles are frequently detected when posture was changed from sitting to supine positions or in patients going from sitting position to supine position with passive legs elevation in patients without obvious evidence of heart failure. We named these crackles, "the posturally induced crackles (PIC)". We have already reported that PIC was frequently detected in patients with ischemic heart disease. The present study was performed to estimate the mechanism of the genesis of PIC and to clarify its significance. Seventy-three patients with ischemia heart disease were included in this study. Pulmonary sounds were auscultated in sitting and supine positions and during passive elevation of both legs in a supine position. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to the presence or absence of fine crackles, i.e., those in whom fine crackles were not detected in either position (PIC (-)), those in whom fine crackles were detected in a supine position or during passive elevation of both legs, but not in a sitting position (PIC (+)), and those in whom fine crackles were detected even in a sitting position (Persistent crackles). We measured various hemodynamic parameters (cardiac index, RA pressure, PA pressure and PAW) and parameters of pulmonary circulation (pulmonary blood volume, pulmonary "venous" compliance) in these 3 groups and comparisons were made between them.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Study on the genesis of posturally induced crackles from hemodynamic data--in patients with ischemic heart disease having normal respiratory function]. 259 29

The authors present a case of massive, nonocclusive intestinal ischemia and necrosis after surgery for correction of interatrial communication with cardiopulmonary bypass in a 22-year-old woman. This is an extremely serious complication that generally occurs in older patients. The literature mentions its occurrence in patients subjected to aortic valve replacement who have low cardiac output and in patients undergoing myocardial revascularization. Its occurrence in a young person with simple congenital cardiopathy is rare.
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PMID:Nonocclusive intestinal ischemia and necrosis after correction of interatrial communication with cardiopulmonary bypass. A rare and catastrophic complication. 260 Jan 12

Electrocardiographic manifestation mimicking the hyperacute phase of myocardial infarction and the electrical alternans of the elevated ST-segment in association with subarachnoid hemorrhage were reported in two patients with no evidence of heart disease. In both cases the ST-segment changes were transient and there were no persistent changes suggestive of underlying myocardial damage or ischemia. These findings suggested that the electrocardiographic changes were probably secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage and not an expression of primary myocardial disease. The electrocardiographic abnormalities could be explained by altered autonomic activity to coronary arteries or directly to the myocardium.
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PMID:Transient ST-segment elevation in subarachnoid hemorrhage. 270 30

Extract of Tan-Shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza, Labiatae), a Chinese traditional crude drug, was reported to show beneficial activity for heart disease. Chemical examination on the extract was performed on the basis of screening for protective action on the ischemic myocardium. Isolated hearts were subjected to hypoxic perfusion for 20 min, followed by 45 min reoxygenation, and the recovery of cardiac contractile force and changes in UV absorbance of the perfusate were examined. Among the components isolated, tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone VI elicited a significant enhanced recovery of the contractile force upon reoxygenation. This was associated with a decrease in the increase in UV absorbance of the perfusate, suggesting the preservation of ATP metabolites in the myocardium. This, in turn, may enhance the restoration of ATP upon oxygen-replenishment. The results suggest that tanshinone I, cryptotanshinone, and tanshinone VI can protect the myocardium against ischemia-induced derangements.
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PMID:Possible active components of tan-shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza) for protection of the myocardium against ischemia-induced derangements. 271 90

To evaluate the effects of long-term reductions in perfusion pressure on blood flow responses to increased functional demand, 5 patients (aged 12 to 26 years) without normal aortic to subclavian artery blood flow to 1 arm as a result of surgery to treat congenital heart disease were studied. Five age- and sex-matched healthy (control) subjects were also studied. In the patients, forearm blood flow was not different in the surgical and normal arms at rest (3.6 +/- 0.6 vs 4.0 +/- 0.7 ml/min/100 ml, respectively, mean +/- standard error, difference not significant) despite lower systolic blood pressure in the surgical arm (87 +/- 2 vs 115 +/- 2 mm Hg, p less than 0.05). The increases in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, forearm electromyographic activity (index of muscle fatigue) and postexercise forearm blood flow (index of muscle oxygen deficit) were not different in response to 2.5 minutes of submaximal rhythmic handgrip exercise (50% of maximal force) performed with the surgical versus the normal arms. Peak forearm blood flow elicited by combined ischemia and maximal isometric handgrip exercise was not significantly different in surgical and normal arms in the group as a whole (39 +/- 4 vs 43 +/- 3 ml/min/100 ml, difference not significant), although some bilateral deficit (20 to 38%) was observed in 2 patients. No bilateral differences were observed in the control subjects under any condition. The finding of normal physiologic adjustments to submaximal rhythmic handgrip exercise with the surgical arm suggests that oxygen delivery during exercise was adequate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Response of upper limb blood flow to handgrip exercise after Blalock-Taussig operation (for tetralogy of Fallot) or subclavian flap operation (for aortic isthmic coarctation). 272 10

A patient was referred by Zone Cardiology due to the absence of heart disease in spite of a history suggestive of coronary ischemia and occasional dysphagia. We performed EDA and encountered a submucous mass that was depressible by the endoscope and pulsatile. Biopsy was not performed, but PA-lateral X-ray disclosed a large aortic aneurysm that was later confirmed by CAT.
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PMID:[Esophageal pseudomotor]. 276 44

The maternal organism provides the developing embryo with its physical environment, nutrients, and a mechanism for eliminating metabolic wastes. Since the physiological state of the pregnant female affects her ability to provide those requirements for the developing embryo, it is not surprising that there are maternal factors that can affect the wellbeing of the embryo. Extremes of maternal age in both humans and animals have been implicated in growth retardation, as well as autosomal trisomies. The influence of maternal size on fetal size is more pronounced among larger species with longer gestation periods such as humans and domestic animals. A clear relationship between the parity of the mother and potential developmental toxicity in humans has not been established due to the confounding influences of maternal age. Among laboratory rodents, however, it appears that offspring of multiparous animals are at increased risk of developmental toxicity. A variety of infectious agents, particularly viruses, have either been demonstrated or implicated as causes of developmental toxicity. In addition, hyperthermia is a possible confounding factor inherent with maternal infection. Although under experimental conditions hyperthermia is teratogenic in laboratory animals, a causative role for transient hyperthermia, which occurs during febrile states concomitant with infections, cannot be clearly established. Chronic maternal vascular disease states including essential hypertension, heart disease, or diabetes mellitus are likely to contribute to uteroplacental insufficiency and developmental toxicity. Poor maternal nutrition among humans contributes to growth retardation, but not to malformations. The production of "abnormal" maternal antibodies, such as are present in Rh incompatibility, can cause fetal wastage. An important maternal factor in humans is uteroplacental insufficiency, which can occur in normal states like twinning, as well as in abnormal conditions including reduced placental size, chronic maternal hypoxia, or uterine ischemia. Although all these maternal factors can contribute to developmental toxicity, they do not necessarily occur as isolated events. Some developmental toxicants exert deleterious effects within both the embryo and the maternal system.
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PMID:Maternal factors in developmental toxicity. 288 3


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