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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The incidence of congenital heart defects was studied prospectively in all 664 218 children born in 1977 to 1984. Those suspected of having a heart disease were examined at the centre specialized in pediatric cardiology. All children who died were autopsied and those where a heart defect was proved were included in our series. In total, 4409 infants (6,64/1000 live births) were born with a heart defect in Bohemia. Differences from one year to another were not statistically significant. The incidence of infants with a heart defect was highest in October, lowest in December, June and July (p less than 0.05). Seasonal incidence of individual forms of heart defects differed also. The seasonal variation was not influenced by the total number of live births. The high incidence of congenital heart defects in infants born in October and November coincides with the epidemics of influenza in early pregnancy.
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PMID:Seasonal differences in the incidence of congenital heart defects. 180 32

This study was carried out to assess the problems with the pregnant women, and check out the risk-factors in the high-risk pregnancies, using a simplified antepartum risk-scoring system, which was revised from Edwards' scoring system to be suitable for Korean situation. This instrument was included 4 categories, demographic, obstetric, medical and miscellaneous factors. This survey was based on the 1300 pregnant women who were admitted, from Jan. 1, 1988, to May 31, 1990, Chung Ang Medical Center. Data were collected from June 25, 1990 to July 7, 1990. Data was analyzed by x2-test, F-test, Pearsons correction, using statistical package SAS in NAS computer system, KIST. The results of the study were as follows; 1. 1313 infants were deliveried of these 560 infants (42.7%) were born to mothers with risk-scores greater than 7, and 753 infants (57.3%) were born to mothers risk-scores less than 7. 2. Maternal age, parity, education level, of the demographic factors were significant relation statistically to identify the high risk pregnancies (X2 = 20.88, 42.87, 15.60 P less than 0.01). 3. C-section, post term, incompetent cervix, uterine anomaly, polyhydramnios, congenital anomaly, sensitized RH negative, abortion, preeclampsia, excessive size infant, premature, low birth weight infant, abnormal presentation, perinatal loss, multiple pregnancy, of the obstetric factors were significant relation statistically to identify the high risk-pregnancies. (chi 2 = 175.96, 87.5, 16.28, 21.78, 9.46, 8.10, 6.75, 22.9, 64.84, 6.93, 361.43, 185.55, 78.65, 45.52, P less than 0.01). 4. Abnormal nutrition, anemia, UTI, other medical condition (pulmonary disease, severe influenza), heart disease, V.D., of the miscellaneous and medical factors, were significant relation statistically to identify the high risk-pregnancies. 5. Premature, low birth weight infant, contracted pelvis, abnormal presentation, of the risk factors were significantly related with Apgar score at 1 & 5 minute after birth and neonatal body weight. 6. Apgar score at 1 & 5 minute after birth and neonatal body weight were significantly negative correlated with risk-score. 7. There were statistically significant difference between risk-score and Apgar score at 1 & 5 minute after birth, 3 group (0-3, 4-6, above 7), and neonatal body weight, 2 group (below 2.5 kg, the other group) (F = 104.65, 96.61, 284.92, P less than 0.01). 8. Apgar score at 1 & 5 minute after birth (below 7), and neonatal body weight (below 2.5 kg), were significant relation statistically with risk score. (chi 2 = 65.99, 60.88, 177.07, P less than 0.01) were 60.8%, 60%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:[The identification of high-risk pregnancy, using a simplified antepartum risk-scoring system]. 192 Dec 77

Incidence of congenital heart defects was studied prospectively in all 664,218 children born in 1977 to 1984. Those suspected of having a heart disease were examined at the center specialized in pediatric cardiology. All children who died were autopsied and those in whom a heart defect was proved were included in our series. In total, 4409 infants (6.64/1000 live births) were born with a heart defect in Bohemia. Differences from one year to another were not statistically significant. The incidence of infants with a heart defect was highest in October, lowest in December, June and July (p less than 0.05). Seasonal incidence of individual forms of heart defects differed as well. The seasonal variation was not influenced by the total number of live births. High incidence of congenital heart defects in infants born in October and November coincides with the epidemics of influenza in early pregnancy.
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PMID:[Seasonal differences in the occurrence of congenital heart defects]. 200 3

Blacks, Hispanics, and whites were interviewed in a door-to-door survey assessing personal concern about AIDS relative to other health threats and willingness to attend in-home AIDS education programs. The survey consisted of three parts: (1) an open-ended inquiry regarding which health problems individuals wanted to learn more about, (2) ratings of concern about AIDS and nine other common health threats, and (3) assessment of willingness to participate in future neighborhood-based AIDS education programs. Usable data were obtained from 453 respondents. Sixty-seven health threats were mentioned in response to the open-ended inquiry; AIDS was mentioned by 50.7%, followed by cancer (19.9%). AIDS was mentioned more frequently by blacks (63.9%) than by Hispanics (42.5%) or whites (45.7%), X2(3) = 32.07, p less than .002. Participants also reported higher levels of concern about AIDS than any other health problem with the exception of cancer. Concern about AIDS was greater among blacks (M = 2.68) than among Hispanics (M = 2.33) or whites (M = 2.36), F(2,351) = 5.06, p less than .01. Differences as a function of ethnicity, gender, and/or age were observed with respect to concern about heart disease, high blood pressure, diabetes, drug abuse, colds and flu, and herpes. In general, blacks and Hispanics expressed more interest in participating in AIDS education programs than did whites. Concern about AIDS and other health threats was not consistently related to either disease prevalence or severity.
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PMID:AIDS and competing health concerns of blacks, Hispanics, and whites. 201 May 68

Influenza is an important cause of serious illness in very young children with cardiopulmonary disease. A 4-year study was conducted at two centers to assess immunogenicity and safety of influenza split-product vaccine in children aged 3 to 18 months with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and congenital heart disease. A total of 113 children were studied: 62 children 3 to 5 months of age and 51 children 6 to 18 months of age. Sera were drawn prior to first and second immunization and 3 weeks after second immunization and were tested by hemagglutination inhibition; protection was defined as greater than 1:32. Ninety-five children were surveyed for adverse reactions. Seroresponses were age and antigen specific. Best responses for all ages were to A/Mississippi (H3N2) (97%). Children older than 6 months of age had better seroresponses to A/Leningrad (H3N2) (73%, P less than .03) and B/Victoria (62%, P less than .02) than did children younger than 6 months of age. Seroconversion rates to the remaining antigens were low. Only 9% of children experienced adverse reactions; all but one were mild. The immunologic mechanisms responsible for preventing serious influenzal disease and more effective immunization strategies need to be defined for very young high-risk children.
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PMID:Immunization of high-risk infants younger than 18 months of age with split-product influenza vaccine. 203 85

Mortality trends in the United States from 1950 through 1986 were analyzed for the conditions that are or have recently been among the six leading causes of death. The age-adjusted mortality rate for all causes has decreased from 841.5 to 541.7 per 100,000 population. Cause-specific, age-adjusted mortality rates have declined from 1950 through 1986 for cerebrovascular disease, injuries, perinatal conditions, heart disease, and influenza and pneumonia. Time trends in the proportion of persons dying of each of these diseases, however, have varied; the proportion dying of cerebrovascular disease, injuries, and perinatal conditions has decreased, and the proportion of persons dying of heart disease and influenza and pneumonia has remained fairly stable from 1950 through 1986. During this same time, age-adjusted death rates have increased for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and have remained fairly stable for malignant neoplasms, while the proportions of persons dying of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and malignant neoplasms have increased dramatically. For people aged 35 to 64 years, malignant neoplasms have now overtaken heart disease as the leading cause of death. For those aged 65 years and older, heart disease remains the leading cause of death, accounting for almost 50% of all deaths in persons 85 years and older.
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PMID:Proportionate mortality trends: 1950 through 1986. 201 44

Occupants of 482 long-stay and 33 short-stay beds in 11 Leicester City Council homes for the elderly were studied during a 30-week period from September 1988 to March 1989 to determine the incidence, aetiology, morbidity, and mortality of acute upper respiratory tract viral infections and the use of influenza vaccine. Influenza immunization rates by home ranged from 15.4 to 90% (mean 45%). There were no differences in the distribution of medical conditions by home. The highest immunization rates were seen in people with chest disease (77%), heart disease (60%), diabetes (56%), and those with three medical conditions (75%). There was an average of 0.7 upper respiratory episodes per bed per annum with a mortality of 3.4% (6/179). Half of all episodes were seen by a general medical practitioner and 81 of 90 (90%) referrals were prescribed antibiotics costing approximately 7.50 pounds per patient. Lower respiratory tract complications developed during 45 (25%) of 179 episodes including 3 of 12 coronavirus infections, 3 of 9 respiratory syncytial virus infections, 2 of 4 adenovirus infections, 1 of 11 rhinovirus infections, but none of 5 influenza infections. Respiratory infections were caused mostly by pathogens other than influenza virus during the influenza period documented nationally. This highlights the role of coronaviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, and unidentified agents in the elderly, and questions the assumptions made in American estimates on the impact of influenza and the value of influenza vaccines.
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PMID:Acute upper respiratory tract viral illness and influenza immunization in homes for the elderly. 224 24

We have evaluated the fulfillment of the aims of an integrated influenza vaccination program for a basic urban health area. We have focused the analysis on the vaccine coverage for age and sex groups, groups of risk modifiers and risk gradient. We have evaluated the most adequate method of call. Overall coverage was 64.6%. This rate was higher in risk groups such as diabetes, heart disease and chronic airflow limitation. Rates of 74.9%, 81.8% and 94.11% were achieved in groups with two, three and four risk modifiers. The direct call was considered the most effective method of catchment. The major conclusion was that the attempted coverage rates were not achieved. We suggest that the "non-vaccinated" individual profile should be investigated and the motivation level of the health professionals should be improved to increase the yield of the influenza vaccination programs.
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PMID:[Influenza vaccination: evaluation of an integrated program in a basic urban health area]. 251 70

The diagnosis, pathogenesis and etiology of myocarditis are often difficult to establish with certainty. Consequently, we investigated cellular regulator and effector mechanisms in patients with viral heart disease (Coxsackie B3, influenza, EBV, mumps) as well as other inflammatory heart diseases which could not be classified etiologically. In acute myocarditis there was an elevation of B- and activated T-lymphocytes (OKIa 1-positive) but, in contrast, no significant changes in the activity of peripheral suppressor T-cells (OKT 8-positive). The activity of cell-specific lymphocytic effector mechanisms against vital cardiocytes was unchanged or slightly elevated in myocarditis, while the activity of the less target cell specific natural killer cells, which were measured in vitro against K562 tumor cells, was diminished. These findings are indicative of increased activity of target specific cytotoxic effector mechanisms and a reduction in the activity of nonspecific cellular effector mechanisms in peripheral blood.
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PMID:Immunological cellular regulator and effector mechanisms in myocarditis. 285 43

In acute perimyocarditis we found that OKIAI-positive cells were increased, and in dilated cardiomyopathy OKMI-positive cells were increased. No significant alteration in suppressor T cell activity was observed in our patients with either disease. The characteristic immunofluorescent pattern in carditis and postmyocarditic heart disease is the presence of antimyolemmal antibodies with intact rat and human cardiocytes in titers of 1:40-1:320 as antigens. The antimyolemmal fluorescence can be absorbed with the respective causative virus in Coxsackie B, influenza, mumps and EBV-myocarditis, indicating that the antibodies are a cross-reactive. AMLA-positive sera induce cytolysis of vital rat cardiocytes in vitro, suggesting that the antibodies are of pathogenetic relevance. Cytolytic serum activity could be absorbed out with the respective virus. Immunohistologic specimens obtained from patients with carditis demonstrate the fixation of IgG and IgM antibodies; IgG antibodies also occur in dilated cardiomyopathy and coronary artery disease. In dilated postmyocarditic heart disease both antimyolemmal fluorescence and cytolytic activity are preserved at a lower level when compared to carditis. These antibodies can also fix complement. In the acute phase of carditis circulating immune complexes can be demonstrated. Cellular effector mechanisms against vital cardiocytes were maintained or even slightly enhanced in carditis, postmyocarditic and primary dilated cardiomyopathy. In vitro NK cell activity against K 562, however, was decreased. This is compatible with a sustained target-specific cytotoxicity whereas reduced NK cell activity may indicate impairment of this effector organ.
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PMID:Immunologic regulator and effector functions in perimyocarditis, postmyocarditic heart muscle disease and dilated cardiomyopathy. 294 66


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