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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Echocardiographic suprasternal relationships of the transverse aortic arch (TAA), right pulmonary artery (RPA) and left atrium (Y' LAD) were validated and angiographic-echocardiographic measurement correlations were made for each structure. Normal values were determined with respect to body surface area. In normals, regardless of age or body size, mean dimensional TAA/RPA ratio was 1.2:1 and Y' LAD equaled the anterior-posterior, or Z axis, left atrial dimension (Z LAD)- TAA/RPA ratio was increased in aortic stenosis and tetralogy of Fallot and was decreased in ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect and pulmonary stenosis. Ratio did not correlate with lesions severity as assessed by cardiac catheterization except in pulmonary stenosis. Discrepant Y' LAD values (usually increased Y' LAD and decreased Z LAD) occurred in children with various forms of heart disease. Some had sternal compression but others had normal chests. Children with pectus excavatum showed similar compression. These findings underscore the need for incorporation of a suprasternal examination into the standard echocardiographic examination of children.
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PMID:Suprasternal notch echocardiography. Assessment of its clinical utility in pediatric cardiology. 83 4

Seven (29%) of 24 patients with de Lange's syndrome were found to have congenital heart disease. Right-sided obstructive lesions were most commonly encountered. Approximately one in five of all patients with the de Lange syndrome exhibit congenital heart disease, usually ventricular septal defect or pulmonic stenosis.
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PMID:Congenital heart disease in de Lange's syndrome. 84 82

In this study, cardiovascular malformations were present in 11 of 63 (17.5%) patients with choanal atresia. The most frequently encountered cardiac lesions were ventricular septal defect and patent ductus arteriosus, while cyanotic heart disease was uncommon.
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PMID:Cardiovascular malformations associated with choanal atresia. 84 1

30 patients with tetralogy of Fallot were examined before and after correction. 10 of whom had previous procedures including 13 Blalock-Taussig shunts, 1 Cooley anastomosis and 6 pulmonary valvulotomies (Brock) with a dilator. Hemoglobin and blood gases were measured in 22 patients pre- and postoperatively on the 7th respectively 14th day and finally after 12 months. In 8 children the concentration of 2,3-DPG was accessed (pre-, postoperatively, immediately in ICU, on the 1st, 7th, 14th day and after 21 months). Hypoxia of various degrees was found at any time of the investigation, verified by a low venous oxygen saturation, high 2,3-DPG concentration and an erythrocytosis. The 2,3-DPG concentration was always elevated (preoperatively 18.2 +/- 1.8 muMol/g Hb; postoperatively 1st till 14th day 19.0 +/- 2.2; after 21 months 16.3 +/- 1.2 muMol/g Hb). Preoperatively hypoxia was correlated to the degree of the heart disease expressed by the hight of the Hb-concentration. In contrary after the correction signs of hypoxia (decreased venous oxygen saturation, increased 2,3 DPG-concentration) appeared with a low Hb as found in patients with anemia. The long term check-ups are indicative for slight cardiac residual disorders as there are hypoxic myocardial damage, residual gradients over the right ventricular outlet, reopened VSD's, and ventriculotomy scar tissue. Though the elevated 2,3-DPG-concentration and the consecutive rightward shift of the oxygen saturation curve obviously compensate these cardiac handi-caps as the excellent physical condition of the children shows.
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PMID:[Correction of tetralogy of Fallot and its influence to oxygen transport and lung changes. Part I. Oxygen transport (author's transl)]. 84 77

The specialized cardiac conduction tissue was identified quickly and easily at operation in 2 patients with corrected transposition (L-TGV) and 1 with Ebstein's anomaly. In each of the former cases the tissue was located along the upper rim of the VSD, beneath the pulmonary outflow tract; in neither patient was there a disturbance in cardiac rhythm as a result of operation. In the patient with Ebstein's anomaly the bundle of His descended onto the ventricular septum more directly than was anticipated. There was only a transitory disturbance in atrioventricular conduction following tricuspid valve replacement. Accurate identification of the cardiac conduction tissue is a prerequisite to the safe repair of certain forms of complex congenital heart disease.
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PMID:Automated identification of cardiac conduction tissue in L-TGV and Ebstein's anomaly. 84 25

A patient with complex congenital heart disease associated with a horizontal interventricular septum is described. In addition the ventricles were inverted, both great vessels arose from the left-sided right ventricle in the dextrotransposed position, and he had a ventricular septal defect of the type usually seen in endocardial cushion defect. Correction was performed using a Rastelli type procedure with good hemodynamic results.
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PMID:Horizontal interventricular septum in congenital heart disease: surgical considerations. 84 38

In the 15 years from 1957 to 1971, there were 57 979 births in a circumscribed population in North-West England. The requirements for a valid survey of the incidence of congenital heart disease were largely met. The necropsy rate for all stillbirths and neonatal deaths in the population was 93 per cent. Diagnosis of the type of heart lesion was by necropsy in 50 per cent, cardiac catheterisation in 19 per cent, operation in 5 per cent, and clinical observations only in 26 per cent. The incidence of congenital heart disease was 6-8 per 1000 total births and 5-9 per 1000 live births. The overall incidence has remained unchanged over the 15 years, but there were trends suggesting an increase in the incidence of uncomplicated ventricular septal defect and of endocardial cushion defect and a decrease in the incidence of ventricular septal defect with right ventricular outflow obstruction and of hypoplastic left heart. We have observed seasonal variations in total incidence and in incidence of some common individual lesions.
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PMID:Incidence of congenital heart disease in Blackpool 1957-1971. 85 16

Electrophysiologic delineation of the atrioventricular conduction system at surgery is described in two patients with corrected transpostion of the great arteries in situs inversus. Intra-atrial electrograms were recorded in one patient from sites immediately adjacent to the coronary sinus located in the left-sided right atrium. The intraventricular portion of the atrioventricular conduction system was identified in both patients along the posterior and inferior margin of the ventricular septal defect, in contrast to the superior and anterior location found in corrected transposition of the great arteries in situs solitus. In contrast to the superior and anterior location found in corrected transposition of the great arteries in situs solitus. The course of the conduction system in the hearts of these two patients and a possible relationship to the cardiac loop and dual origin of the atrioventricular node is discussed. These cases illustrate the usefulness of segmental diagnosis of congenital heart disease and of electrophysiologic identification of the specialized atrioventricular conduction system at surgery.
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PMID:Electrophysiologic delineation of the specialized atrioventricular conduction system in two patients with corrected transposition of the great arteries in situs inversus (I,D,D). 85 85

Study of the structural features of the pulmonary circulation in various types of congenital heart disease makes it possible to correlate function and structure in the fetal and newborn lung. We applied quantitative morphometric techniques to the injected and inflated lungs of newborn infants who had died with obstruction to left ventricular outflow from aortic atresia, stenosis, or coarctation. The structure and development of the pulmonary circulation was judged by the number of arteries and veins and their size and wall structure, with particular attention to vessels within the respiratory unit. The study established for the first time that the structure of the pulmonary circulation is modified by the antenatal abnormalities in blood flow that occur through the heart and great vessels in the presence of congenital heart disease. Fetal multiplication of intra-acinar arteries in aortic atresia and stenosis is increased as also is the muscularity of both pre- and intra-acinar arteries and veins, muscle extending into smaller and more peripheral vessels than is normal at birth. When the pulmonary circulation is normal before birth but arterial pressure and flow are abnormally increased at birth, as in coarctation with patent ductus and ventricular septal defect, an increase in arterial diameter and muscularity is apparent within the first week of life.
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PMID:Quantitative structural study of pulmonary circulation in the newborn with aortic atresia, stenosis, or coarctation. 86 23

Two cases of complex congenital heart disease are described in which systemic and pulmonary bloodstreams crossed at the atrioventricular level. Both patients were examined clinically, echocardiographically, and by cardiac catheterization, including angiography, and both underwent cardiac surgery and had intraoperative mapping of their conduction systems. Both patients were found to have levocardia and situs solitus of viscera and atria, large ventricular septal defect, and straddling right atrioventricular valve. One patient had atrioventricular discordance but with the left ventricle anterior and alightly on the right and with pulmonary atresia and dextromalposition of the aorta. The other patient had atrioventricular concordance but with the left ventricle inferior and slightly on the left and with ventricular-arterial concordance to normally related great arteries and banded pulmonary trunk. To our knowledge, this combination including straddling right atrioventricular valve has not been reported in the literature before. In both patients the straddling atrioventricular valve was thought to preclude corrective operation at that time. A unique palliative procedure--left ventricle-to-pulmonary trunk shunt--was successful in the first case and partial debanding of the pulmonary trunk in the second.
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PMID:Straddling right atrioventricular valve in criss-cross atrioventricular relationship. 89 98


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