Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We studied the effects of intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) with a new nitrosourea (hydroxyethyl-chloroethyl nitrosourea: HeCNU) on the visual system of 68 patients with malignant gliomas. The intra-arterial chemotherapy was given as a complementary treatment of glioma after surgery (19 patients), after tumor recurrence (28 patients) and as the preliminary treatment before radiotherapy (21 patients). Eleven patients (16%) suffered a visual complication after two or more courses of chemotherapy. The main visual symptoms included mild to major decrease of visual acuity and in some cases ocular pain, palpebral edema and conjunctival injection. The delay in onset of ocular symptoms from the last course of IAC varied from 1 week to 9 months. From ophthalmoscopic findings, visual field testing and fluorescein angiography, the visual symptoms presented by our patients could be related to ischemic optic neuropathy or retinal vasculopathy. None of the patients had hypertension, diabetes, cardiopathy or hematological disease. Statistical analysis failed to demonstrate a relationship between the occurrence of visual toxicity and patient age, number of courses of HeCNU, the vascular axis treated, total systemic dose or dose by carotid artery, suggesting a possible specific sensitivity of some patients to chemotherapy. The pathophysiology and the therapeutic implications of this visual toxicity are discussed.
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PMID:Visual toxicity following intra-arterial chemotherapy with hydroxyethyl-CNU in patients with malignant gliomas. A prospective study with statistical analysis. 174 75

To establish foetal cardiovascular parameters as predictors of perinatal outcome in pregnancy, M-Mode, 2-D echocardiography and pulse Doppler study was performed at 24-32 weeks of gestation in 65 pregnancies. These pregnancies were followed up for perinatal outcome. The studied population included 24 normal pregnancies, 21 pregnant women with heart disease (14 rheumatic and 7 congenital heart disease) and 20 high risk pregnancies (bad obstetric history in 7, suspected intrauterine growth retardation in 4, hypertensive disease of pregnancy in 6 and diabetes mellitus in 3). There was no perinatal mortality. Two foetuses were born with complete heart block and one with a small ventricular septal defect; 6 neonates had intrauterine growth retardation and two of these had neonatal asphyxia with APGAR score less than 6 at one minute. Anatomically normal heart was correctly diagnosed in all 64 foetuses and ventricular septal defect was detected antenatally in one. Antenatal diagnosis of complete heart block was correctly made in two foetuses. One new born with complete heart block required a permanent pacemaker, which was implanted. The ratio of peak velocity across mitral valve during atrial systole (A) to peak velocity during early diastolic ventricular filling (E) was chosen to correlate with perinatal outcome. The ratio was less than 1.0 in 6 foetuses, all of whom were subsequently confirmed to have intrauterine growth retardation. In normal pregnancies A/E ratio was more than 1.0. We conclude that foetal echocardiography is a useful tool for predicting perinatal outcome and may be helpful in screening patients who require specific perinatal management.
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PMID:Role of foetal echocardiography in predicting perinatal outcome. 175 17

Mitral flow was assessed by Doppler echocardiography in patients with systemic hypertension. The study was carried out on 40 patients (27 men and 13 women) aged 24-50 years, mean 43 years with essential hypertension stage II according to WHO classification. No patient had other heart disease or diabetes. All patients were randomly assigned to verapamil (20 patients) or propranolol (20 patients). The daily dose of verapamil was 60-120 mg, mean 80 mg and propranolol 120-180 mg, mean 140 mg. Pulsed Doppler studies in all patients were performed before the treatment and after 4-6 weeks of the treatment. Echocardiographic examination was performed with Hewlett-Packard 707020 A ultrasound system using 2.5 MHz transducer. Two dimensionally guided pulsed Doppler echocardiograms were recorded with sample volume positioned in the inflow area below the mitral annulus. The following Doppler parameters were measured: early diastolic flow velocity (EDF), late diastolic flow velocity (LDF) and their ratio (EDF/LDF) which represents the ratio of early and late diastolic flow velocity of left ventricular filling. The study has showed that before treatment the value of EDF, LDF and EDF/LDF ratio in both groups did not significantly differ. Heart rate and arterial pressure in patients with systemic hypertension after treatment with verapamil or propranolol were significant lower than before treatment. Treatment with verapamil caused significant increase of EDF from 61.2 to 78.2 cm/sek and increase EDF/LDF ratio from 1.02 to 1.30. While LDF values were not changed. In the group of patients treated with propranolol the values of EDF, LDF and ratio EDF/LDF were similar to those before treatment.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Effects of verapamil and propranolol on the left-ventricular diastolic function in patients with primary arterial hypertension]. 176 83

Thirty-one diabetic subjects, 19 males and 12 females, with a mean age of 40.5 +/- 14.0 years, 17 of whom were insulin dependent (IDDM) and 14 non-insulin dependent (NIDDM) treated with insulin and diet, were followed for a period of six months. Patients were diagnosed of diabetic autonomic cardiopathy (without other neuropathy causes, nor use of drugs except for insulin) by the alteration of at least 2 of the 5 cardiovascular tests (tCV) performed. Patients underwent an educational diabetes program and self-control, and after 6 months of treatment they were divided into two groups according to the degree of metabolic control. In group 1, in which there was a good control with mean blood sugar levels of 108 +/- 12 mg/dl (5.9 +/- 0.6 mmol/l) and triglycerides of 101 +/- 21 (1.1 +/- 0.2 mmol/l), an improvement in tCV was observed: Valsalva coefficient of 1.16 +/- 0.13 and 1.22 +/- 0.13 (initial and final respectively) (p less than 0.001), with and improvement in 56% of cases; E/I (expiration/inspiration) ratio increased from 1.13 +/- 0.11 to 1.21 +/- 0.11, improving 53% of cases (p less than 0.001); 30/50 index (RR in 30/RR beat in beat 15 after orthostatism) (n.s.); difference in systolic arterial pressure after standing (p less than 0.001) and increase in diastolic arterial pressure with isometric muscular exercise (p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Course of cardiac autonomic neuropathy in diabetic patients++ depending on the degree of metabolic control]. 178 79

A retrospective study of 194 patients is carried out. Patients were divided into two groups: 154 patients with acute cerebrovascular accident (ACA) and 40 patients without vascular pathology, hospitalized for other causes. A descriptive analysis of these patients is made with respect to age, sex, type of ACA, previous ACA and potential relationship between the type of this first ACA and the one motivating current hospitalization. In addition, ACA is related to risk factors (hypertension, dyslipemia, diabetes, cardiopathy). In our series, variables that can be considered as risk factors, with significant differences between both groups, are: HTA, tobacco consumption, cardiopathy, dyslipemia (hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglycemia, hyperuricemia and diabetes. Alcoholism, anticoagulation, antiaggregation or polyglobulia were not risk factors. In 33.2% of patients with current ACAs, there were antecedent of clinically documented cerebrovascular pathology; one thing of them were transitory cerebral ischemias and more than half of them, cerebral infarcts. In conclusion, we stressed the role of primary and secondary prevention acting against risk factors, given the recurrence of this pathology and the irreversibility of the injuries once happened.
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PMID:[Cerebrovascular accident: study of risk factors and development in 154 cases]. 179 Feb 78

Generalized expectancies about control are examined as a possible independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in a sample of subjects undergoing coronary angiography. This characteristic is also examined as a possible underlying component of the Type A behavior pattern which may contribute to the latter's association with heart disease. Regression analyses adjusting for age, sex, income and known risk factors for heart disease (hypertension, serum cholesterol, smoking, diabetes, angina, family history of CHD, hostility and Type A behavior pattern) indicate that having a stronger belief in personal mastery or control is an independent predictor of more severe coronary atherosclerosis. This characteristic, however, is not significantly related to the Type A behavior pattern.
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PMID:Personal control and coronary artery disease: how generalized expectancies about control may influence disease risk. 179 80

The study concerned 206 diabetic patients, aged 35-54 years, from the urban Kragujevac area. Of this number 40.3 per cent had macrovascular disease, including vascular heart disease (34.9%), diseased leg blood vessels (12.1%) and cerebral stroke (2.4%). According to the results of discriminative analysis of potential risk factors (age, sex, body weight index, cigarette smoking, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, glycemia, triglycerides, lipoproteins, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, onset and duration of diabetes, family history) diabetic patients with macrovascular disease and patients with vascular heart disease predominated in female population with early onset of diabetes and high level of diastolic blood pressure.
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PMID:[Microvascular disease in diabetics--discrimination analysis of risk factors]. 179 79

Left ventricular function including regional wall motion (RWM) was evaluated by 99mTc first-pass and equilibrium gated blood pool ventriculography and glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) blood levels determined by a quantitative column technique in 25 young patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus without clinical evidence of heart disease, and in healthy controls matched for age and sex. Phase analysis revealed abnormal RWM in 19 of 21 diabetic patients. The mean left ventricular global ejection fraction, the mean regional ejection fraction and the mean 1/3 filling fraction were lower and the time to peak ejection, the time to peak filling and the time to peak ejection/cardiac cycle were longer in diabetics than in controls. We found high HbA1c levels in all diabetics. There was no significant difference between patients with and without retinopathy and with and without peripheral neuropathy in terms of left ventricular function and HbA1c levels.
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PMID:Left ventricular dysfunction and blood glycohemoglobin levels in young diabetics. 180 Sep 43

Estimates of the cost of diabetes should take into account the development of complications. Patient records identified from the 1987 National Hospital Discharge Survey were used to evaluate the risk of hospitalization due to late complications. Hospitalization for diabetic nephropathy reached a peak of 6.74/1000 between the ages of 45 and 54 years, compared to 0.14 to 1.80/1000 in controls. Diabetic patients less than or equal to 45 years of age were 46 times more likely to be hospitalized due to neuropathy. The risk of cardiovascular complications is high, with a greater incidence of arterial than venous disorders. Diabetic patients were 22 times more likely to be admitted for skin ulcers/gangrene, 15 times more likely due to peripheral vascular disease, and 10 times due to atherosclerosis. The risk of cerebrovascular accident and heart disease was 6 to 10 times greater in diabetic patients. Seventy-five per cent of diabetic cardiovascular disorders are myocardial infarction or chronic ischaemia. Hospitalization from renal complications occurs at younger ages than in the general population. Ophthalmic complications increase with age. Diabetic complications account for 2% of the total hospital admissions in the US in 1987. The total cost of the treatment of late diabetic complications was estimated at +5091 million (cardiovascular 74%; renal diseases 10%; nephropathy 3.6%; ophthalmic disorders 1.5%; other unspecified diseases 10%).
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PMID:The cost of hospitalization for the late complications of diabetes in the United States. 182 50

Between the years 1979 and 1981, Louisiana ranked 7th in average annual coronary heart disease (CHD) death rate among white women and 6th among black women, age 35 to 74 years. Nationally, death in women due to CHD is 250,000 deaths per year, mainly in women over 50 years of age. That is approximately one half of all deaths due to heart disease in the United States. Risk factors for CHD in women are those which are shared with men, eg, smoking, hypertension, plasma lipoprotein concentrations, obesity, diabetes, and family history, and those which apply solely to women, eg, contraceptive use, menopause, and postmenopausal hormones. The purpose of this manuscript is to review current knowledge regarding CHD in women.
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PMID:Cardiovascular disease in women: an update. 186 Oct 94


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