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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new concept as to the cause of heart disease, cancers and diabetes is put forward in this paper. It is established that there is a mathematical relationship between motor vehicle use, from 1920 to 1975, and deaths due to the abovementioned diseases. This relationship has been established by an extensive statistical study of vehicle usage and deaths due to these diseases.
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PMID:Heart disease, cancer and vehicle travel. 45 86

Groups of patients such as the elderly, the diabetic and women have been studied to evaluate the effectiveness of coronary revascularization. In this report 77 patients under age 40 years undergoing coronary revascularization were studied. There was a high prevalence rate of predisposing factors. Sixty-eight percent reported a family history of heart disease and 27 percent a history of diabetes; 57 percent were hypertensive, 43 percent were overweight, 91 percent smoked, 5 percent were diabetic and 16 percent had abnormal glucose tolerance curves. Sixty-four percent had hypercholesterolemia (cholesterol 250 mg/100 ml) and 56 percent hyperlipidemia. Forty-four percent had had a previous myocardial infarction; 95 percent had angina pectoris, 12 percent preinfarction angina and 9 percent congestive cardiac failure. There were no operative deaths. The incidence rate of perioperative myocardial infarction (new Q waves in the electrocardiogram) was 4 percent. The mean length of of follow-up was 26 months (range 6 months to 5 years). The late mortality rate was 4 percent. Eight percent had a late myocardial infarction. Overall graft patency was 85 percent. Sixty-seven percent of patients were free of angina, and 17 percent were in improved condition. Seventy-one percent returned to work, while 29 percent remained unemployed. This study shows that in young patients, coronary revascularization is associated with low mortality and morbidity rates and that, despite the wide prevalence of predisposing factors, the prognosis and graft patency rate of these patients are similar to those of other groups.
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PMID:Coronary revascularization under age 40 years. Risk factors and results of surgery. 62 35

A thorough search for the natural history of arteriosclerosis involving the cerebrum, aorta, and peripheral vessels has been made. The disease's rate of progress has been studied anatomically, clinically, radiologically, and plethysmographically. We conclude that arteriosclerosis is usually associated with other diseases such as diabetes, high blood cholesterol, and hypertension. Heart disease in particular is often the cause of the patient's death, rather than the peripheral arteriosclerotic disease itself. The usually slow development and course of arteriosclerosis indicate that its treatment is largely a medical problem. It seems important to control the various risk factors and to utilize surgical therapy to attack specific lesions which threaten the tissues. A thorough cardiovascular profile of the patient should be compiled and should include a glucose tolerance test and lipoprotein phenotyping.
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PMID:The natural course of arteriosclerosis in animals and man. 65 60

A total of 969 (73%) of 1,328 patients with cases of suspected transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) who came to six institutions during a 21-month period were followed up. Factors were identified and prospectively analyzed for risk for further TIAs, stroke, and deatn. A history of multiple carotid artery TIAs was significantly related to further TIAs. A single TIA placed the patient at greater risk for early infarction. Older age, male sex, and unreliability to take dangerous medication were risk factors for cerebral infarction. Anticoagulant therapy, older age, male sex, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, abnormal ECG, and poor surgical risk were factors for death. The increased mortality associated with anticoagulants was confined to the older age group. While white patients treated with antiplatelet-aggregating agents had a lower mortality than those treated otherwise, this was not true amont black patients.
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PMID:Cooperative study of hospital frequency and character of transient ischemic attacks. VIII. Risk factors. 67 2

Three women with diabetes mellitus presented an unusual change in the skin on the distal and acral parts of the extremities, most distinctly on the upper surface of the hands. The surface was raised in small cushions but had the colour of intact skin. The skin felt doughy and swolen on palpation but there was no oedematous pitting. It had been suspected earlier that these skin changes indicated myxoedema or heart disease and the patients had been treated with diuretics. In all three cases, however, histological examinations revealed a more or less reduced, atrophic dermis with here and there an appreciable dislocation of the subcutaneous layer of fat, which with the sweat glands formed an intracutaneous herniation up against the epidermis. These histological changes explained the clinical picture of cushions in the skin. As these patients had diabetes mellitus and the histological picture also included vascular changes of the type associated with a diabetic microangiopathy, it is considered that this form of intradermal herniation of fat is yet another skin change which may be elicited by diabetes mellitis.
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PMID:Intracutaneous herniation of fat in connection with microangiopathia diabetica. 68 22

In a 22-year followup of 3686 San Francisco longshoremen, the roles of physical activity, cigarette smoking habit, and systolic blood pressure level were evaluated independently in relation to risk of death from a broad range of diseases. Smoking pattern and blood pressure status were established in 1951 and job activity was assessed annually during the followup period. Lower levels of energy expenditure predicted increased risk of fatal heart attack and perhaps of stroke. Heavy cigarette smoking predicted increased risk of death from heart attack, cancer, chronic obstructive respiratory disease, and pneumonia. Higher levels of systolic blood pressure were associated with death from all cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, and cirrhosis. Tacit to these findings: sedentary living takes its toll largely through heart disease and stroke; the toxicity of cigarette smoking is associated with a broader range of diseases, including heart attack, cancer, and respiratory disease; and higher level of blood pressure related to an even broader range of cardiovascular disease than either of the other characteristics studied.
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PMID:Energy expenditure, cigarette smoking, and blood pressure level as related to death from specific diseases. 68 71

Examination of the cardiovascular apparatus (cv) of 25 acromegalic patients revealed an increased incidence of cardiovascular pathology as against normal individuals. Acromegalic patients with arterial hypertension (AH) show a twice higher incidence of ischemic cardiopathy, cardiomegaly with obvious or latent cardiac failure, arrhythmias, which frequently lead to death. The uncertain pathogeny of cardiomyopathy implied: hypoxia due to heart hypertrophy (over 500 g and increased cross-section of the fibre to over 26/mu), adrenergic deficiency resulting from increased protein synthesis and decrease in thyrosine, a precursor of myocardic cathecolamines. The increased incidence of coronary pathology is favoured in acromegalic patients by diabetes, hyperlipoproteinemia, low endogenous heparin, increased ureic acid and platelet adhesivity. Hypophysectomy by hypophysolysis (20 cases) brings relief and cures cardiovascular pathology, reduces AH, corrects the coronary risk factors, cures hypophyseal diabetes. The existence of AH and cardiovascular pathology is an indication for surgical treatment in evolutive acromegaly.
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PMID:Cardiovascular pathology in acromegaly and some effects of the 90 yttrium implant in the hypophysis. 69 1

Exercise testing has a definite role in pediatrics today. Different methods are presented, and the value of maximal exercise with determination of oxygen uptake and blood lactate is stressed. In children with heart disease, exercise testing with precordial electrocardiogram can be of both diagnostic and prognostic value. The cardiovascular function at different intensities of exercise is evaluated, serious dysrhythmias may be revealed, hypertension judged and the effect of drug therapy can be checked by exercise testing. It is an important way in assessing the child's functional capacity after heart surgery in the decision whether she or he should take part in physical education and sports activities and in the choice of profession. It is also of great psychological value to the parents and the patient himself. In children with other chronic diseases, e.g., diabetes, obesity, asthma, neurocirculatory dysfunctions--physical training together with exercise testing is of importance for therapy and rehabilitation.
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PMID:Exercise testing in children. 72 65

The Thresholds parents group gives the parents of clients an opportunity that has rarely been presented to them. They are able to discuss openly, with their peers, many issues that have not been expressed previously except in the greatest privacy. Often their children's mental illness has been a well-kept secret or has been handled in a guilty and shamefaced way. They do not find it easy, as a rule, to discuss mental illness in the same way they might discuss diabetes or congenital heart disease. It is an enormous relief to be open about their problems with others who are in similar circumstances. The main issues addressed in the group are a redefinition of good parenting to include mutual disengagement, emancipation, and separation; reduction of parental guilt, with its consequent implications of parents getting more out of their own lives, and a reduction of manipulation; and the handling of management issues such as money, medication, visiting, parental expectations, holidays, siblings, and parents' united front. Parents of the emotionally ill are a much maligned group. Too often they are regarded by the mental health community as enemies and not allies. Too often the suffering that they have endured is ignored. Too often parents' strengths are overlooked by mental health professionals treating their offspring. And, finally, too often basic change in the parents is demanded as a prerequisite for meaningful change in the member.
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PMID:Restructuring parental attitudes--working with parents of the adult mentally ill. 73 68

Major effects of oral contraceptives on nutritional status are elevation of triglycerides, decline in glucose tolerance, an apparent increase in the need for folate and vitamins C, B2 and B6, and a decrease in iron loss. Women at greater risk of nutritional deficits due to oral contraceptives include those who have just had a baby, are planning to have a baby later, already show nutritional deficiencies, have had recent illness or surgery, have poor dietary habits, are still growing or have a family history of diabetes or heart disease.
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PMID:Effects of oral contraceptives on nutritional status. 76 Apr 21


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