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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The causes of death in 130 patients with Down's Syndrome and mortality rates from a material of 524 patients were tabulated; a life-table for the ages over 5 years was constructed. An overall death rate of 5-7 times the general population rate was found. No sex difference was observed. The excess mortality was expecially high for heart disease and respiratory disease. Also infectious diseases, others than pneumonia and tuberculosis, showed high mortality rates.
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PMID:Mortality and life-table in Down's syndrome. 12 22

Five heroin addicts were treated for endocarditis caused by Pseudomonas cepacia. Two of these infections occurred in patients with no known heart disease whereas the others occurred at sites of previous endocarditis or valve prostheses. Infection was indolent in four patients but was associated with shock and skin lesions suggestive of ecthyma gangrenosum in the fifth. After failure of chloramphenicol and kanamycin, all patients were treated with a combination of sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim and polymyxin plus heart valve resection or replacement.
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PMID:Subacute and acute endocarditis due to Pseudomonas cepacia in heroin addicts. 16 59

The mortality in listeric meningitis and septicaemia, the two main clinical manifestations of the infection, is generally considered to be high. However, co-existing disorders rather than the listeric infection itself seem to determine the outcome. In the present study of 72 listeric infections among non-pregnant adults, 28 patients without co-existing disease had a fatality rate of 10.7% as compared to 57.9% among 19 immunocompromised individuals. Finally, in a third group of listeric patients, including alcoholics and people with heart disease or diabetes mellitus, the fatality rate was 24.0%.
Infection 1979
PMID:Outcome of Listeria monocytogenes infection in compromised and non-compromised adults; a comparative study of seventy-two cases. 43 92

The general death rate rises during business booms and falls during depressions. The causes of death involved in this variation range from infectious diseases through accidents to heart disease, cancer, and cirrhosis of the liver, and include the great majority of all causes of death. Less than 2 percent of the death rate-that for suicide and homicide-varies directly with unemployment. In the older historical data, deterioration of housing and rise of alcohol consumption on the boom may account for part of this variation. In twentieth-century cycles, the role of social stress is probably predominant. Overwork and fragmentation of community through migration are two important sources of stress which rise with the boom, and they are demonstrably related to the causes of death which show this variation.
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PMID:Prosperity as a cause of death. 83 36

The signs that may arise after perinatal infection with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) have been classified by the Centers for Disease Control, but the clinical usefulness of the classification system and the prognostic importance of each disease pattern have not been established. We sought to address these issues by analysing data from the Italian Register for HIV infection in children. We studied 1887 children born to HIV-1-seropositive mothers. 1045 were identified at birth and the others were registered later (median age 4.8 [range 0.4-72] months). HIV-1-associated signs developed in 433 (81.8%) of 529 seropositive infected children at a median age of 5 (0.03-84) months. These signs appeared significantly earlier in the 102 children who died of HIV-1-related illness than in those who are still alive (median 3 [0.03-55] vs 6 [0.03-84] months; p less than 0.001). The cumulative proportion surviving at age 9 years was 49.5% (95% confidence interval 27-65%) and the median survival time was 96.2 months. Separate analysis of the 112 seropositive infected children followed from birth and older than 15 months gave similar results. Hepatomegaly, splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, parotitis, skin diseases, and recurrent respiratory tract infections formed the mildest disease pattern. Lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis and thrombocytopenia were signs of intermediate disease. By contrast, in multivariate analysis specific secondary infectious diseases, severe bacterial infections, progressive neurological disease, anaemia, and fever were significant and independent negative predictors of survival. Growth failure, persistent oral candidosis, hepatitis, and cardiopathy were associated in univariate analysis with significantly shorter survival. Our findings suggest that the outlook for children with perinatal HIV-1 infection is better than previously thought and that a new clinical staging system of single disease patterns is needed.
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PMID:Prognostic factors and survival in children with perinatal HIV-1 infection. The Italian Register for HIV Infections in Children. 134 67

Bispecific antibodies--molecules combining two different antigenic specificities--are currently being developed as new agents for immunotherapy and for basic studies in cell biology. Bispecific antibodies (BsAb) are prepared by chemically linking two different monoclonal antibodies or by fusing two hybridoma cell lines to produce a hybrid-hybridoma. Both of these approaches present challenges with respect to yield and purity that should eventually be solved through newer molecular genetic approaches. BsAb have been used to demonstrate that specific surface molecules can trigger leukocytes to either phagocytose or kill tumor cells, viruses, parasites, and infected cells. Such trigger molecules include CD3 on T lymphocytes and Fc receptors for IgG on monocytes, macrophages, and natural killer cells. BsAb have also been used experimentally to localize toxins to tumor sites and fibrinolytic agents to areas of thrombosis, to study the molecular specificity of particular receptors, and as adjuvants in in vitro models of vaccines for infectious disease. The limited clinical trials that have occurred to date, primarily for therapy of tumors, suggest that BsAb may offer considerable promise for therapeutic applications, including cancer, heart disease, infectious disease, allergy, and autoimmunity.
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PMID:Bispecific antibodies. 147 20

The paper presented the results obtained in studying the patients with acute rheumatic fever for antibodies to cardiolipin (ACL). The study resulted in the establishment that the development of immunopathies in the presence of acute rheumatic fever combined with the acute streptococcal infection was accompanied by hyperproduction of ACL (more common IgG versus IgM isotypes). The phenomenon mentioned widened the spectrum of acute infectious diseases associated with an increase in ACL synthesis. It was also stated that increased ACL contents were closely related with the involvement of the cardiac valves. Authentic clinical and echocardiological signs of the heart disease were mainly revealed in the patients with high contents of IgG and IgM isotypes of ACL. A certain relationship between the laboratory activity of the disease and ACL hyperproduction was noted as well. The latter permitted the discussion on the impact of streptococcal infection initiating the development of acute inflammation on the hyperproduction of ACL.
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PMID:[Cardiolipin antibodies in acute rheumatic fever]. 150 26

A relationship exists between tumours and malformations both generally and in particular combinations. This is also valid for minor errors of morphogenesis suggesting that embryonic tumours are an expression of aberrant intra-uterine morphogenesis. We speculated that these minor aberrations might also manifest in other morphological defects, especially in minor anomalies and malformations of the ribs. We reviewed chest roentgenographs of 1000 children with malignancies for rib anomalies and compared them to 200 patients with mainly infectious diseases. We found 242 rib anomalies in 218 children with tumours (21.8%) and 11 (5.5%) in children without malignancy. This difference was statistically highly significant (P less than 0.001). A high incidence of cervical ribs was found in neuroblastoma (33%), brain tumour (27.4%), leukaemia (26.8%), soft tissue sarcoma (24.5%), Wilms tumour (23.5%) and Ewing sarcoma (17.1%). Only neuroblastoma showed a high incidence of rib bifurcation (4.5%). The increased incidence of these mesenchymal defects in children with malignancies may be another clue for an altered morphogenesis in tumour origin. In neuroblastoma the rib anomaly may be another expression of neurocristopathy as proposed for the association of congenital heart disease and neuroblastoma.
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PMID:Association of rib anomalies and malignancy in childhood. 162 71

Since 1975, an estimated 979,700 refugees from Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries have immigrated to the United States (L. Bussert, Office of Refugee Resettlement, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, personal communication, 1991). Although public health agencies have reported extensively on the occurrence of infectious diseases in these populations (1-4), the prevalence of risk factors for noninfectious health concerns (e.g., heart disease, cancer, and unintentional injuries) have not been well defined. To characterize risk factors for selected noninfectious diseases and injuries among the estimated 280,200 Vietnamese who have relocated to California, the University of California, San Francisco, and the California Department of Health Services developed a Vietnamese-language version of CDC's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) for use in a computer-assisted telephone interviewing (CATI) system. This report summarizes findings from the 1991 survey and compares them with data for the general California or U.S. population.
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PMID:Behavioral risk factor survey of Vietnamese--California, 1991. 173 12

Between March 1982 and March 1991, 225 heart transplantations (HTx) have been performed in 220 patients suffering end stage cardiac disease. Thirteen percent were females and 87% were males. Age range was from 5 to 68 years. The underlying cardiac disease was ischemic cardiopathy in 51.5%, congestive dilated cardiomyopathy in 42%, valvular cardiomyopathy in 3.5%, toxic myocarditis (post-adriamycin) in 1.5% and chronic rejection in 2.5% (retransplantation). Selection of the recipients was done following the currently well established criteria also taking into account the absolute major contraindications for HTx. Due to the still increasing demand of donor organs, currently donor age has been extended up to 50 years for male and 55 years for female donors. One quarter of the grafts were harvested on site in our institution, two other quarters were harvested somewhere else in Belgium and the last quarter provided by other countries cooperating with Eurotransplant. All patients have undergone orthotopic cardiac transplantation using the standard Lower and Shumway technique. Immunosuppression protocols have changed four times throughout the years. Nevertheless all were based on the use of Ciclosporine variously combined with other current immunosuppressive drugs. Rejection monitoring relied on routine endocardiac biopsy and was diagnosed according to the Billingham criteria. The in-hospital mortality is currently 11%. Infection, early right heart graft failure and acute rejection were the leading causes of death. The major causes of early morbidity were several curable infections, reversible rejection episodes, transient acute renal failure and controllable arterial hypertension. Among the survivors followed for at least one month up to nine years, half of late mortality was caused by chronic rejection followed by infection, sudden death, metabolic disorders, stroke and malignancy. Late morbidity involves cases of mild coronary graft diseases, biological renal insufficiency, some degree of arterial hypertension, dislipidemia. Current actuarial survival rate is 87% at one year, 76% at 5 years up to 9 years. Our experience confirms that HTx represents today and effective therapy for selected patients suffering end stage cardiac disease.
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PMID:A survey of nine years heart transplantation at Erasme Hospital, University of Brussels. 178 50


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