Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The relation between environmental temperature, heat production, oxygen consumption, and evaporative water loss was studied in 67 infants with congenital heart disease. The majority of the cyanosed infants had a low minimum oxygen consumption, a low evaporative water loss, and a diminished metabolic response to cold stress. Minimum oxygen consumption and evaporative water loss rose in 6 of these infants after the construction of a surgical shunt. Many of the ill acyanotic infants had an abnormally high minimum oxygen consumption, and those in cardiac failure often continued to sweat in an environment below the thermoneutral temperature zone.
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PMID:Oxygen consumption and evaporative water loss in infants with congenital heart disease. 94 28

His bundle electrograms were performed in eight patients with organic heart disease. Recordings were made at various rates utilizing right atrial pacing. A solution of 100 cc of iced cold 5% glucose and water was infused through a cardiac catheter placed at the level of the tricuspid valve. The P-A, A-H, H-Q and H-S intervals were determined before and immediately after the cold water infusion. A significant prolongation of the A-H interval occurred with negligible effects on the P-A, H-Q and H-S intervals. At the atrial pacing rate of 100/min the average A-H interval increased from the control value of 116 to 125 msec after the infusion (P less than 0.02); at the pacing rate of 140/min, the A-H interval increased from 147 to 158 msec (P less than 0.01). This represents an impairment in conduction through the atrioventricular node.
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PMID:Effect of cold isotonic glucose infusion on A-V nodal conduction. 124 7

A case of recurrent ventricular tachycardia in the setting of chronic chagasic heart disease refractory to conventional antiarrhythmic agents as well as high doses of amiodarone (600 mg/day) is reported. Left ventriculography disclosed an apical aneurysm and a filling defect image suggestive of a thrombus. Sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia with the same QRS configuration as "clinical" tachycardia could be induced by means of right ventricular programmed electrical stimulation. The risk of systemic embolization precluded endocardial activation mapping of ventricular tachycardia. Intracoronary cold saline injections were done during induced ventricular tachycardia looking for a coronary artery branch related to the arrhythmogenic substrate. Cold saline mapping results pointed to an apical site of origin. Next step was intracoronary injection of ethyl alcohol in the distal part of the left anterior descending artery leading to a small and uncomplicated myocardial infarction. Control programmed stimulation was unable to reinduce ventricular tachycardia. Clinical outcome was uneventful and there was no recurrence of clinical arrhythmia in 6 months of follow-up.
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PMID:[Transcoronary chemical ablation of ventricular tachycardia in a patient with chronic chagas cardiomyopathy]. 134 Jul 1

1. The cardiovascular effects of the proprietary cold remedies, Mu-cron and Boots Cold Relief tablets were compared with 'placebo' Boots Pain Relief tablets in a double-blind study involving 16 healthy volunteers. Measurements (impedance cardiography, forearm plethysmography) were made over 4 h after oral drug administration. 2. Two Mu-cron tablets (containing phenylpropanolamine [(1R,2S)- plus (1S,2R)-norephedrine] 50 mg) increased blood pressure (maximal effect 18 +/- 1/8 +/- 1 mm Hg (mean +/- s.e. mean), P less than 0.001), stroke volume (4.9 +/- 0.8 ml m-2, P less than 0.05), total peripheral resistance (243 +/- 27 dyn s cm-5 m2, P less than 0.001) and forearm vascular resistance (1.3 +/- 0.3 mm Hg ml-1 min, P less than 0.01) and reduced the ratio of pre-ejection period to ventricular ejection time (-0.031 +/- 0.003, P less than 0.05) and forearm blood flow (-2.6 +/- 0.5 ml min-1, P less than 0.05) but did not affect heart rate or cardiac index. 3. Two Boots Cold Relief tablets (containing phenylephrine 10 mg and caffeine 60 mg) caused a small and short-lived increase in total peripheral resistance but did not have consistent effects on other measurements. Two Boots Pain Relief tablets (containing caffeine 60 mg) did not have important cardiovascular effects. 4. The cardiovascular effects of phenylpropanolamine, including vasoconstriction and an increase in cardiac performance, are consistent with its alpha- and beta 1-adrenoceptor agonist action. While it may help the symptoms of rhinitis, its use in patients with heart disease or hypertension is hazardous.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:A comparison of the cardiovascular effects of phenylpropanolamine and phenylephrine containing proprietary cold remedies. 172 92

Results of earlier experiments suggested that hamsters with inherited heart disease were at a higher risk of succumbing to stress during the vasospastic, lesion-forming period of their lives rather than later when the process of congestive heart failure had begun. To test this hypothesis, we stressed cardiomyopathic hamsters (CMH) whose ages differed by about 3 months; the younger of the two groups of stressed hamsters was in the vasospastic phase of the disease. The stressor was cold immobilization in which stressor intensity was manipulated using two durations of cold exposure. Log rank survival curves revealed no difference in mortality with the more intense stressor. However, significantly fewer of the older hamsters succumbed to the less intense stressor (46% as compared with 85% of the younger CMHs). Examination of the hearts in the experiment where mortality rate was the same for both groups revealed evidence of cardiac dilatation, indicative of heart failure, only in the older hamsters following stress. Since the younger hamsters did not show these changes and since they, but not the older animals, have coronary microvascular spasm and an increased susceptibility to stress, it would appear that the process of coronary vasospasm should be viewed as an independent and additional risk factor in determining the consequences of stress. Because of the effects of stress in the younger cardiomyopathic hamster, we believe that a neural link--which can be activated by stress--may be involved in the pathogenetic process of coronary vasospasm.
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PMID:Hamsters with coronary vasospasm are at increased risk from stress. 188 13

Skiing, which may involve strenuous exercise in the cold at high altitude, could place considerable stress on the coronary circulation. To explore this possibility, we obtained by telemetry electrocardiograms on 149 men during recreational skiing at altitudes above 3100 m (10 150 ft). Tachycardia was impressive; heart rate exceeded 80% of predicted maximum in two thirds of the subjects. Five men developed abnormal ST-segment depression during or immediately after exercise. All five were older than 40 years, so in this age group the incidence of ST abnormalities was 5.6%. This is not greater than the incidence among asymptomatic men during submaximal exercise at low altitude. The high level of physical fitness of men who ski may have offset the added stress of cold and hypoxia. Hence, for physically fit older men, mountain skiing does not appear to pose a greater coronary stress than does comparable exercise at low altitude among men of only average physical fitness without known heart disease.
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PMID:The coronary stress of skiing at high altitude. 235 53

Nine cases of respiratory infections caused by syncytial respiratory virus which were diagnosed by direct immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies are presented here. Six of them have been clinically diagnosed as bronchiolitis and the remaining three are diagnosed as obstructive bronchitis, upper respiratory cold and respiratory distress respectively. Seven are male and two are female. Their ages vary from 13 days to eleven months. Its usefulness is indicated given its speed and the current availability of specific antiviral therapeutics. The test would be especially indicated in atypical cases like nursing babies with apnea or those with congenital heart disease or other underlying lung diseases and also to prevent intrahospital epidemias. The conclusion is reached that direct immunofluorescence seems to be an attractive alternative for laboratories that do not have costly cell culture equipment.
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PMID:[Laboratory diagnosis of infantile infections caused by the respiratory syncytial virus. Report of 9 cases]. 251 89

We have previously shown that subjecting cardiomyopathic hamsters in the lesion-developing period of their heart disease to cold-immobilization stress had lethal consequences which could be blocked by alprazolam treatment. This experiment replicated that finding and also examined the efficacy of diazepam in this paradigm. In contrast to alprazolam, diazepam did not prevent the cardiomyopathic subjects from succumbing to the stressor. Thus, the effect of alprazolam in reducing stress-induced mortality did not reflect a generic benzodiazepine action.
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PMID:Alprazolam but not diazepam protects hamsters with heart disease from the medical consequences of stress. 258 5

Sixteen angina patients were submitted to echocardiographic examination during the cold pressor test and during hand grip. Certain left ventricular function echocardiographic parameters were assessed in these subjects and in a further 14 patients presenting negative histories for cardiovascular diseases who represented the control group. Of the two tests associated with echocardiography, the cold pressor test appeared capable of inducing the more evident changes on left ventricular function compared to isometric effort in subjects suffering from ischaemic cardiopathy.
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PMID:[The echocardiographic examination associated with the cold pressor test or the isometric force test in the evaluation of ischemic heart disease]. 260 81

A local cold exposure test of the nailfold capillaries produces a typical flow stop reaction in 88% of patients with Raynaud's phenomenon. We applied this test to 12 patients with variant angina and compared the results with the findings in 2 control groups of 12 patients each, matched for age and sex: One group with chronic stable angina and one without heart disease. We found a flow stop with cold exposure in 9/12 patients with variant angina (mean duration 24 s), in 6/12 patients with chronic angina (mean 11 s), and in 1/12 normal controls without heart disease (mean 1 s). The frequency and duration of the flow stop was significantly higher in patients with variant angina (p = 0.002) and in patients with chronic stable angina (p = 0.02) than in normal controls. Patients with variant angina also tended to have an increased frequency and longer duration of the flow stop than those with chronic stable angina (p = 0.09). Administration of sorbidilate preparations and nifedipine resulted in a decrease of the mean flow stop duration from 23.5 to 10.8 s in patients with variant angina (p = 0.03). The strong association of a vasoconstrictive reaction in finger microcirculation and coronaries in patients with variant angina suggests a vasospastic tendency with manifestation in different vascular regions.
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PMID:Increased peripheral vasoconstrictor reaction upon local cold in patients with coronary heart disease. 273 12


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