Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This article has reviewed current thought on the pathophysiology, medical management, and nursing implications of PDA in the premature newborn. The ductus arteriosus is a normal vascular channel that provides a route for blood flow to the descending aorta in the fetus; and it is an abnormal channel in the newborn that allows additional pulmonary blood flow to be shunted from the higher pressured aorta. Left heart volume overload and additional insults in connection with concurrent RDS and BPD were discussed. Current management for closure advocates indomethacin administration, and ligation, should indomethacin fail or be contraindicated. Continued patency with prostaglandin administration is the objective in cyanotic neonates with congenital heart disease and diminished pulmonary blood flow and in acyanotic neonates with aortic arch abnormalities that lead to decreased descending aortic flow. Nursing responsibilities encompass the well-being of the newborn as well as the family. The neonate must be assessed frequently for signs of cardiopulmonary deterioration. The neonate's responses to drug administration must be monitored for their effect on the ductus and the minimization of side effects. Care of the parents regarding support and information was discussed.
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PMID:Patent ductus arteriosus in the premature neonate. 388 36

Three newborn infants are described with a distinctive pulmonary arterial lipid lesion, characterized by a wide foamy layer of intima partially occluding the lumen of small muscular pulmonary arteries. Lipid stains indicated lipid infiltration of the walls of these arteries, involving not only the intimal layer, but media and adventitia as well. All three infants had received intravenous lipid infusions. All three infants also had histologic evidence of pulmonary hypertension, one on the basis of chronic lung disease (BPD) and two on the basis of congenital heart disease. A retrospective autopsy study of long-term neonatal ICU dwellers receiving such infusions revealed two additional patients with lipid deposits in pulmonary arterial walls. It is speculated that the pulmonary arterial lipid deposits were derived from the lipid infusions and were dependent on antecedent or concurrent vascular damage from pulmonary hypertension.
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PMID:Pulmonary arterial lipid deposit in newborn infants receiving intravenous lipid infusion. 743 Nov 76

Palivizumab (Synagi) is a humanized monoclonal antibody that provides immunoprophylaxis against serious lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). RSV is the leading cause of hospitalization for LRTIs in infants, causing winter- or wet-season epidemics. In two double-blind, placebo-controlled trials, intramuscular palivizumab 15 mg/kg every 30 days for 5 months significantly reduced RSV-related hospitalizations by 55% in 1502 infants with prematurity and/or bronchopulmonary dysplasia/chronic lung disease (BPD/CLD) and by 45% in 1287 infants with hemodynamically significant congenital heart disease (HSCHD). Reductions were statistically significant versus placebo in infants with BPD/CLD, with all degrees of prematurity, and with acyanotic/other heart disease. Palivizumab was generally well tolerated, with < or =1.9% of recipients discontinuing treatment for tolerability reasons. In placebo-controlled trials, the most common potentially drug-related adverse events were fever, nervousness, injection-site reactions, and diarrhea. Drug-related events occurred in 7.2-11% of palivizumab recipients in controlled trials (vs 6.9-10% with placebo) and 0-7.9% in open-label trials. Very few serious potentially drug-related adverse events occurred in clinical trials; four occurred in 2 of 285 patients in one open-label trial. No significant anti-palivizumab antibodies developed during palivizumab use. Palivizumab trough serum concentrations were below the recommended 40 microg/mL in about 33% and up to 14% of children prior to their second and third palivizumab injections. In pharmacoeconomic studies, the cost of palivizumab per hospitalization averted was generally lowest in the highest-risk infants. Drug cost was generally the most influential factor in sensitivity analyses. In conclusion, prophylaxis with palivizumab significantly reduces the incidence of RSV-related hospitalization relative to placebo and is generally well tolerated in high-risk infants aged <2 years, including those with prematurity and BPD/CLD or HSCHD, which are risk factors for early or serious RSV infection. Palivizumab is approved for use in these patients. Other high-risk infants in whom palivizumab has not been formally assessed, such as those with immunodeficiency, cystic fibrosis, or location-specific risk factors (including extended hospital stays) might potentially benefit from palivizumab. The use of palivizumab in these other high-risk populations is likely to be determined as much by pharmacoeconomic considerations as by efficacy outcomes.
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PMID:Palivizumab: a review of its use as prophylaxis for serious respiratory syncytial virus infection. 1517 Mar 64

The health of future generations, both physical and psychological, depends upon good parental and early environment, free particularly from malnutrition, toxins and undue stress. Education about these negative influences is urgent, especially to encourage childbearing women in a healthy diet and lifestyle. The detrimental effects of cigarette smoking in pregnancy have been known since the 1970s, yet in Germany, for example, 60% of all children are conceived, carried, born into a household where at least one adult smokes. Even if the father desists from smoking at home, the nicotine in his body tissues is transmitted to anyone near him, for example his wife when they sleep near each other. More than one glass of beer, wine or spirits per week during the pregnancy can be detected at birth. Alcohol in early in the pregnancy--just when many mothers are unaware they are pregnant--an produce significant physical malformation, especially in the face. Prenatal exposure to alcohol has signilfcant effects on the intelligence and behaviour of the child. Many of these children are very restless. Even slight amounts of poisoning during the pregnancy are related to the development of a negative self-image and the compensatory behaviour of the Narcissistic Personality Disorder in later life. The Prenatal Deprivation and Poisoning Syndromes have not only been related to heart disease and eating disorders in the area of general health but also in the area of psychological health to the Borderline Personality Disorder. Undue stress of any kind during the pregnancy leads to problems for the developing child.
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PMID:'New parenting', psychotherapy, prenatal and perinatal care. 1830 68

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is associated with many negative physical health outcomes, including increased risk for serious chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and arthritis. BPD is also linked with obesity, a condition that is strongly related to many of the same physical health problems. Although research has shown that BPD is related to these physical conditions, there is limited evidence of whether body mass mediates the relation between BPD and serious physical health problems. The present study examined the associations among BPD features, body mass index (BMI), and six major physical health problems in an epidemiologically based sample (n = 1051) of Saint Louis residents, ages 55-64. Using interviewer-, self-, and informant-report of personality pathology, we found that BPD features were significantly related to reported presence of heart disease, arthritis, and obesity. BMI was also significantly related to heart disease and arthritis. Sobel mediation models showed that BMI fully mediated the relation between BPD features and arthritis. These results suggest that borderline pathology is an important risk factor for serious health problems in later adulthood. Obesity appears to be one pathway that leads to more health problems among individuals with BPD symptoms and may be a useful starting point when thinking about future intervention strategies.
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PMID:Borderline personality pathology and chronic health problems in later adulthood: the mediating role of obesity. 2268 64

Our study aimed to investigate the measurement of frontal lobe volume and thalamic volume in fetuses with congenital heart disease (CHD) at different gestational weeks using three dimensional (3-D) ultrasonography and its clinical value. Then, 238 pregnant women who received obstetric ultrasonography in ultrasound department of Internal Medicine of our hospital were enrolled between March 2013 to April 2014. In this study, 85 fetuses were diagnosed to develop CHD by prenatal fetal echocardiography, and the other 153 fetuses were normal. Frontal lobe volume, thalamic volume and cerebral blood flow was determined by color Doppler ultrasonic diagnostic apparatus (type: GE Voluson E8). The level of MCA-PI and CPR in CHD fetus group performed significantly lower than that in normal fetus group (P<0.05), but the level of UA-PI performed significantly higher than that in normal fetus group (P<0.05). When gestational age <30 weeks, there was no significant difference in thalamic volume and frontal lobe volume between the two groups (P<0.05); when gestational age <30 weeks, the level of CHD fetus group performed significantly lower thalamic volume and frontal lobe volume than that in normal fetus group (P<0.05). When gestational age <30 weeks, there was no significant difference in BPD, HC, and GA between the two groups (P<0.05); when gestational age <30 weeks, the level of BPD, HC and GA in CHD fetus group performed significantly lower than that in normal fetus group (P<0.05). If gestational age <30 weeks, CHD performed a small impact on fetal frontal lobe volume and thalamic volume; if gestational age <30 weeks, the level of frontal lobe volume and thalamic volume in fetuses with CHD performed significantly lower than that in normal fetuses.
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PMID:Measurement of frontal lobe volume and thalamic volume in fetuses with congenital heart disease at different gestational weeks using three dimensional ultra sonography and its clinical value. 2841 69

There is growing interest in relationships between borderline personality disorder (BPD) pathology and physical health outcomes. Diagnostic BPD and BPD-related traits, for instance, have been shown to associate with self-reported cardiovascular disease and various cardiometabolic risk factors. However, potential confounding of these associations by comorbid depression, which itself contributes to risk for heart disease, remains unresolved, and previous research is limited by nearly uniform reliance on self-reported health status. In the present study, we examine the association of BPD traits and contemporaneously assessed depressive mood with instrumented measures of cardiometabolic risk in a midlife community sample (N = 1,295). BPD pathology was measured using dimensional, multi-informant trait measures; depressive symptomology was self-reported; and cardiometabolic risk was indexed via multiple indicators of insulin resistance, adiposity, dyslipidemia, and blood pressure. Structural equation modeling was used to estimate the effects of BPD traits and depressive symptoms on aggregated cardiometabolic risk, adjusting for their shared variance. Results showed both BPD features and depressive symptomatology related to the extent of cardiometabolic risk; when examined simultaneously, only BPD associated independently with risk indicators. In further supporting a link between BPD pathology and cardiovascular disease risk, these findings warrant future work to elucidate intervening behavioral and biological mechanisms. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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PMID:Borderline personality disorder traits associate with midlife cardiometabolic risk. 3164 68