Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Pentalogy of Fallot is a rare congenital cyanotic heart disease and a variant of tetralogy of Fallot, in which tetralogy of Fallot is associated additionally with an atrial septal defect. It is characterized by right to left intracardiac shunting of blood leading to decreased pulmonary blood flow resulting in the development of cyanotic episodes. The case report aims to present the dental management of an 8-year-old child with a repaired cardiac anomaly of pentalogy of Fallot. His medical condition was assessed and physician consent was sought for procedural intervention. All invasive procedures were planned under antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent bacteremia associated endocarditis. Elaborate chairside dental intervention was carried out beginning with preventive schedule, oral prophylaxis and topical fluoride application followed by interception of carious progression with multiple GIC restorations and extractions of retained and grossly decayed teeth. Patient was reviewed on follow-up visit and no pain, discomfort, or complications were reported. Based on the case report it can be concluded that the medical status in patients affected with Pentalogy of Fallot must be taken into consideration to plan dental treatment and precautions must be taken for prevention of stress induced cyanosis and bacterial endocarditis in such cases.
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PMID:Pentalogy of Fallot: A case report and overview dental implications. 3179 68

Mycotic aneurysms (MA) are an uncommon complication of infectious endocarditis. Septic emboli are thought to be the precipitating event in their development, but the evidence for this is sparse. We present three cases in which septic embolic occlusion preceded MA development at the occlusion site, suggesting that documented angiographic emboli in patients with infectious endocarditis and bacteremia constitute a risk factor for MA formation. Two adult patients with a history of intravenous drug use and one child with congenital heart disease are described. They were all diagnosed with infectious endocarditis and developed neurological symptoms during their hospital course. Initial catheter-based cerebral angiograms demonstrated vascular occlusions, which were followed by the development of MA at the same sites within 1 month. Septic emboli, documented on cerebral angiogram, in patients with infectious endocarditis may precede the appearance of MA. Patients with angiographic occlusions in the setting of endocarditis warrant close follow-up.
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PMID:Intracranial vessel occlusion preceding the development of mycotic aneurysms in patients with endocarditis. 3189 31

Mycotic aneurysms (MA) are an uncommon complication of infectious endocarditis. Septic emboli are thought to be the precipitating event in their development, but the evidence for this is sparse. We present three cases in which septic embolic occlusion preceded MA development at the occlusion site, suggesting that documented angiographic emboli in patients with infectious endocarditis and bacteremia constitute a risk factor for MA formation. Two adult patients with a history of intravenous drug use and one child with congenital heart disease are described. They were all diagnosed with infectious endocarditis and developed neurological symptoms during their hospital course. Initial catheter-based cerebral angiograms demonstrated vascular occlusions, which were followed by the development of MA at the same sites within 1 month. Septic emboli, documented on cerebral angiogram, in patients with infectious endocarditis may precede the appearance of MA. Patients with angiographic occlusions in the setting of endocarditis warrant close follow-up.
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PMID:Republished: Intracranial vessel occlusion preceding the development of mycotic aneurysms in patients with endocarditis. 3193 1

The interaction of pathogens with host tissues is a key step towards successful colonization and establishment of an infection. During bacteremia, pathogens can virtually reach all organs in the human body (e.g., heart, kidney, spleen) but host immunity, blood flow and tissue integrity generally prevents bacterial colonization. Yet, patients with cardiac conditions (e.g., congenital heart disease, atherosclerosis, calcific aortic stenosis, prosthetic valve recipients) are at a higher risk of bacterial infection. This protocol was adapted from an established ex vivo porcine heart adhesion model and takes advantage of the availability of heart tissues obtained from patients that underwent aortic valve replacement surgery. In this protocol, fresh tissues are used to assess the direct interaction of bacterial pathogens associated with cardiovascular infections, such as the oral bacterium Streptococcus mutans, with human aortic valve tissues.
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PMID:Ex vivo Model of Human Aortic Valve Bacterial Colonization. 3269 10

We present the case of a 61-year-old woman with fever and acute meningitis. Clinical evaluation revealed maculopapular rash, right gluteus cellulitis, and centered retinal hemorrhages. In the intensive care unit, persistent Staphylococcus bacteremia was detected. However, transesophageal echocardiography did not reveal pathologic features. F-FDG PET/CT and cardiac MRI diagnosed a left ventricular infected thrombus, an extremely rare condition especially in patients without structural cardiopathy.
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PMID:Left Ventricular Infected Thrombus Detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT and MRI in Disseminated Staphylococcus Infection. 3296 10

Parents of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) seem to underestimate the importance of optimized oral health. The low priority for a good oral hygiene and a healthy diet can be a risk factor for odontogenic bacteremia and infective endocarditis. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the disease awareness and dental knowledge of the parents using a questionnaire. Therefore, parents from 107 children with CHD and a healthy control group (HCG) consisting of 101 children both aged 2 to 6 years were asked to complete a questionnaire containing items about the general health, oral hygiene behavior, preventive measures, dental visits and intake of potential drinks and cariogenic nutrition of their child. The results of the present study show that the CHD group had a poorer oral health behavior than the HCG. Healthy children brushed their teeth significantly more often (65.4%) than the CHD children (45.1%). Only 75% of CHD children used fluorides in their daily life in comparison to 86.6% of the healthy children, 8.7% of their parents neglected completely fluoride supplementation. Of all CHD children 23.1% in comparison to 8.1% of the controls had never visited a dentist before. Furthermore, the daily consumption of cariogenic food and drinks was generally higher in the CHD group. These findings demonstrate a need for improvement in parental knowledge of the efficiency of different measures to improve dental health. This important oral health for CHD children from the early stage of life is obvious, especially regarding their risk for odontogenic bacteria and infective endocarditis.
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PMID:Parental Awareness of Oral Health and Nutritional Behavior in Children with Congenital Heart Diseases Compared to Healthy Children. 3299 1

Mycotic pulmonary artery aneurysms are rare infectious aneurysmal dilatations of the pulmonary arteries in patients with risk factors of intravenous drug use, endocarditis, or congenital heart disease. Timely diagnosis is crucial given high mortality rate associated with this condition. We present a rare case of a 24-year old male with history of intravenous drug use who presented with fever, hypoxia, and bacteremia. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with infective endocarditis with septic vegetations of the tricuspid valve. Computed tomography angiogram demonstrated multiple bilateral mycotic pulmonary artery aneurysms and associated pulmonary septic emboli in this patient with infective endocarditis. Treatment options for mycotic pulmonary artery aneurysms are variable and include conservative management, endovascular coil intervention, or surgical resections. Presence of hemoptysis and increasing aneurysm size may warrant aggressive intervention.
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PMID:Multiple pulmonary artery mycotic aneurysms and septic emboli in a patient with tricuspid valve vegetation and infective endocarditis. 3322 98


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