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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

During a 6-year period 389 children and adolescents aged between 1 and 20 years died violently and 31 died suddenly, naturally, and unexpectedly in an area of southern Sweden. In about half of these 31 cases, death was caused by common infectious diseases--for example broncho-pneumonia, myocarditis, or acute epiglottiditis. In one group death was certainly sudden, but was caused by a known chronic disease--such as epilepsy or bronchial asthma. Three young men died from chronic heart disease, and one died from adrenal failure during or immediately after physical exertion. There were 4 cases of sudden, natural death for which the cause was unknown--that is 0.007 per 1000 live births. This figure is extremely low compared with the incidence of sudden unexplained infant death--that is deaths of infants aged between one week and one year.
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PMID:Sudden natural death in later childhood and adolescence. 711 76

In order to assess bronchial responsiveness in patients with congestive heart failure secondary to congenital heart disease, we performed a histamine inhalation test while monitoring transcutaneous oxygen tension and compared the respiratory threshold to histamine with that obtained in patients with bronchial asthma. The inhalation test was performed by doubling concentrations of histamine solution for 2 min at 1 min intervals. The respiratory threshold of histamine was defined as the minimal concentration causing a drop in transcutaneous oxygen tension greater than 10% from baseline. Six of 10 patients with congenital heart disease and all of 12 patients with bronchial asthma had bronchial hyper-responsiveness to histamine. The mean of histamine concentration was 2750 micrograms/mL and 937 micrograms/mL, respectively. During the histamine inhalation test, respiratory resistance gradually increased in congenital heart disease patients. This was measured by the linear slope of transcutaneous oxygen pressure (-1.08 +/- 0.75 mmHg/min), whereas in the bronchial asthma patients it rapidly decreased at the infection point (-4.19 +/- 1.86 mmHg/min). We conclude that children with congestive heart failure had bronchial hyper-responsiveness. We suggest bronchial hyper-responsiveness to inhaled histamine in congestive heart failure was caused by the gradual increased respiratory resistance, which was different from that of bronchial asthma.
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PMID:Bronchial hyper-responsiveness to inhaled histamine in children with congenital heart disease. 764 83

Double Malecot type polyurethane intraurethral stent (IUS) was used on 5 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (once in 3 patients and twice in 2 patients). They were unfit for operation because of emphysema in 3 cases, asthma and heart disease in one case. IUS with an effective length 35, 40 or 45 mm was selected according to the length of the prostatic urethra and was inserted under fluoroscopic guidance. IUS was successfully placed at the first trials in all patients, but the stent could not be changed in two patients because of bladder tamponade. Peak flow rate (PFR) was improved in 3 cases, unchanged in 1 and worse in 1. The complications were bladder tamponade in 2 cases, urgency and frequency in 1 and encrustation in 1. These findings suggested that positioning the proximal basket of the stent at the prostatic urethra near the bladder neck is important.
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PMID:[Experience of double Malecot intraurethral stent--analysis on complications]. 768 81

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most frequently isolated agent in acute lower respiratory tract infections in children. It is responsible for severe disease in young infants and patients with immune deficiencies or congenital heart disease, and appears to be involved in sudden death in infancy. There is also some evidence for its involvement in the development of asthma following bronchiolitis. Despite encouraging new therapies (ribavirin, immune globulin, recombinant interferon alfa), treatment remains mainly symptomatic. Hopefully the better understanding of the immune response during VRS infection will allow the development of an effective vaccine in the coming years.
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PMID:[Respiratory syncytial virus infections in children]. 784 9

Recent additions to the immunization schedule include acellular pertussis vaccine, and hepatitis B vaccine for all infants and selected adolescents. The third dose of OPV is recommended at 6 months of age and the first dose of MMR vaccine at 12 to 15 months. A new vaccine against Haemophilus influenzae type b has been licensed. Children aged 6 months and older with asthma, diabetes, or heart disease should receive influenza vaccine. Children aged 2 years and older with asplenia, immunosuppression, and nephrotic syndrome may be candidates for pneumococcal immunization.
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PMID:Childhood immunization guidelines: current and future. 785 58

Making a diagnosis of asthma is often complicated, especially in the older patient. Problems that are specific to this population include a larger reduction in pulmonary function than is suggested by the patient evaluation, a higher rate of comorbid diagnosis of COPD and other chronic disease, as well as an increased risk of death associated with asthma. Older patients may also have reduced awareness of bronchial constriction or airway obstruction, which may delay their seeking of medical care. For this reason, measurements of air flow are critical to objectively assess the severity of acute asthma in the older patient. Special concerns in patients over age 50 include exacerbation of co-existing heart disease and potential interactions with medications used for other chronic conditions.
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PMID:Asthma: new insights in the management of older adults. 795 73

To update the clinical profile of pediatric patients hospitalized with RSV infection, we retrospectively reviewed the records of 246 children (male:female ratio 1.44:1) admitted during one season to a tertiary-care hospital. The most common admitting diagnoses were bronchiolitis (37.4%), pneumonia (32.5%), and possible septicemia (13%). Median age was 3 months; median length of stay, three days. Twice as many minorities were admitted with RSV infection as all other admissions during the same year. Family history of asthma, while common (35%), did not affect length of stay or complications. Of the 38 (15%) patients requiring intensive care, 29 (76%) underwent ventilation. Patients with underlying cardiopulmonary disease had more complications, were more likely to require intensive care (about 50%), and had significantly longer hospital stays than others. All three patients (1.2%) who died had congenital heart disease. Common risk factors included young age, chronic cardiopulmonary disease, male sex, and possibly family history of asthma. Although the most typical clinical diagnoses remain bronchiolitis and pneumonia, a systemic illness resembling the sepsis syndrome has emerged at our institution as a significant clinical presentation.
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PMID:Clinical profile of pediatric patients hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus infection. 840 43

The purpose of this study was to determine whether pulmonary hemodynamic abnormalities relate to manifestations of allergic asthma. In 448 patients with congenital heart disease the relationships between asthma and age or pulmonary arterial blood (PA) flow were studied. Asthma (allergic and non-allergic) was more common in 39 (19%) of 201 patients with high PA flow, compared with the incidence in those with normal PA flow (6/117, 5%; P < 0.001) and reduced PA flow (1/130, 1%; P < 0.05). In the high PA flow group, the frequency of asthma declined significantly (P < 0.01) with age, from 25-26% in the 6 month-5 year patient group to 5% in the 6-12 year old patients. The frequency of asthma, including allergic type, was significantly (P < 0.01) greater in patients with pulmonary hypertension (15/24, 63%) than in those without (10/77, 13%) at the age of 6 months to 1 year. Asthma in the high PA flow group was associated with other allergic diseases in 30 (77%) of 39 patients, including food allergy in nine (23%), atopic dermatitis in 14 (36%), allergic rhinitis in seven (18%) and abnormally high total IgE levels in 14 (36%). These findings suggest that high pulmonary flow or pulmonary hypertension enhances the manifestation of allergic disease, particularly asthma.
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PMID:Contribution of pulmonary hemodynamics on manifestation of allergic asthma in patients with congenital heart disease. 810 29

We studied the effects of pulmonary congestion on the development of atopic asthma in 31 infants with congenital heart disease. Respiratory distress did not resolve after surgery in seven patients, six of whom had a family history of allergy. Pulmonary congestion in infancy may increase the risk of atopic asthma in genetically predisposed children.
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PMID:Development of atopic asthma in infants with pulmonary congestion caused by congenital heart disease. 815 76

Health practitioners (N = 665) from the Chinese, Italian, German, Greek, Arabic and Anglo Australian communities used social distance scales to rate the attitudes of people in their communities toward 20 disability groups. Significant differences were found in community attitudes toward people with 19 of these disabilities. Overall the German community expressed greatest acceptance of people with disabilities, followed by the Anglo, Italian, Chinese, Greek and Arabic groups. However the relative degree of stigma attached to the various disabilities by the communities was very similar. In all communities, people with asthma, diabetes, heart disease and arthritis were the most, and people with AIDS, mental retardation, psychiatric illness and cerebral palsy, the least accepted of the disability groups. These stigma hierarchies were remarkably similar to other hierarchies reported over the last 23 years. The findings have important implications for people with disabilities and health practitioners in multicultural societies.
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PMID:Attitudes towards disabilities in a multicultural society. 845 31


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