Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of Prinzmetal angina refractory to classic medical treatment, in which the angina attacks were suppressed with the administration qf reserpine is presented. The possible physiopathologic mecanisms of this entity are reviewed. The possibility of coronary spasm due to an alteration in the regulation of the coronary arterial tone from an autonomic.nervous system illness is established, an abnormal coronary vascular reactivity is also reviewed. It is emphasized that the Prinzmetal angina is an original entity, idfferent from the coronary arteriosclerotic heart disease, which may coexist with it but which cannot be treated in the same way, because its physiopathologic mecanisms are different.
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PMID:[Prinzmetal's angina. Response to the treatment with reserpine. Review of its physiopathological mechanisms]. 88 60

Beat-to-beat fluctuations of the spatial QRS-T angle, which are reported to be greater in patients with ischemic heart disease than in healthy subjects, are thought to be a helpful factor in diagnosing ischemic heart disease. In this study, we assessed the usefulness of the standard deviation of the spatial QRS-T angle per beat as an index of magnitude of the fluctuations. The subjects consisted of 27 patients with effort angina, 14 with vasospastic angina, 18 with the "chest pain syndrome" and 36 normal controls. The standard deviations of the spatial QRS-T angle were obtained for 10 consecutive stable beats at rest using Frank's orthogonal X, Y, Z scalar electrocardiogram. The results were compared with those of coronary angiography and exercise tolerance tests. Treadmill exercise tests were performed in all patients using Bruce's protocol to observe decreased ST levels and delta ST/HR indices. QRS-T angle deviation values were 8.10 +/- 8.64 degrees (mean +/- SD) in the effort angina group, 3.63 +/- 1.26 degrees in the vasospastic angina group, 4.13 +/- 1.70 degrees in the "chest pain syndrome" group, and 2.35 +/- 0.85 degrees in the normal control group; the groups of patients with heart disease showed significantly higher values (all p < 0.01) than did the control group. The effort angina group showed a significantly higher value than did the vasospastic angina group and the "chest pain syndrome" group (all p < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Ischemic heart disease detected by the standard deviation of the spatial QRS-T angle and by treadmill exercise test]. 184 6

We investigated 303 (men: women = 2:1) cases who suffered sudden heart arrest in Yamagata city since 1984 to 1987. The incidence rate was 41.0/100,000/year, and increased markedly with increasing age. There was a tendency for sudden death to occur in the winter season, evening and early morning. Two major causes were cardiac disease (especially ischemic heart disease) (46.4%) and intracranial hemorrhages (18.6%). 20% of all the heart-arrest cases were able to be saved, but, depending on the kind of heart disease the survival rate varied greatly (18.8% in acute myocardial infarction and 71.4% in vasospastic angina), (40.0% in ventricular fibrillation and 13.3% in the bradycardic arrhythmias). Survival rate was also effected by the time interval from the onset till the beginning of cardio-pulmonary resuscitation. About one half of the cases had histories of cardiac disease. Premonitory symptoms were observed in at least one third of the cases.
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PMID:[Sudden cardiac death in the emergency hospital]. 240 68

To determine the importance of usual risk factors of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with coronary artery spasm, 40 patients with vasospastic angina (VA), normal or nearly normal coronary arteries and without previous myocardial infarction were compared with 2 control groups of 40 patients each, matched for age and sex: 1 group with CAD and 1 without heart disease. Ninety percent of patients with VA were cigarette smokers and 70% were heavy smokers (more than 20 cigarettes daily), compared with 53% and 33% in patients with CAD (p less than 0.001) and 30% and 15% in those without heart disease (p less than 0.001). Except for cigarette smoking, the risk factor profile of patients with VA appeared more like the profile of patients without heart disease than that of patients with CAD. The results suggest that cigarette smoking may play a role in CAD independent of atherosclerosis and possibly favoring coronary artery spasm.
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PMID:Comparison of risk factors in vasospastic angina without significant fixed coronary narrowing to significant fixed coronary narrowing and no vasospastic angina. 394 8

To evaluate the role of the autonomic nervous system in vasospastic angina, plasma catecholamine and cyclic nucleotide levels were measured and the pilocarpine test was performed in 19 patients with vasospastic angina, 14 patients with nonvasospastic angina and 7 control subjects who were hospitalized patients without heart disease. Diurnal and nocturnal levels of plasma catecholamines were significantly higher in patients with angina pectoris, especially in patients with vasospastic angina, as compared with those of controls. In addition, an increase in plasma catecholamines preceded the onset of spontaneous and pilocarpine induced anginal attacks associated with significant increases in plasma catecholamines in patients with vasospastic angina. On the other hand, while nifedipine significantly suppressed both spontaneous and pilocarpine induced anginal attacks, the increase in plasma catecholamines remained. These results indicate that increased activity and responsiveness of the sympathetic nervous system may possibly contribute to the development of vasospastic angina on the basis of parasympathetic hyperactivity.
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PMID:Autonomic hyperactivity in patients with vasospastic angina. 408 66

Coronary artery calcification (CAC) was easily demonstrated by plain CT-scan. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinical significance of CAC in cardiovascular diseases. The subjects were 90 patients with ischemic heart disease (30 myocardial infarction, 50 exertional angina pectoris and 10 variant form of angina pectoris; 46 males and 44 females, 68 +/- 10 y/o) and 50 patients without ischemic heart diseases (30 hypertension, 10 arrhythmia, 3 valvular disease, 2 cardiomyopathy, 2 congenital heart disease and 3 others; 25 males and 25 females 65 +/- 9 y/o). CAC and calcification of thoracic aorta were evaluated by plain CT-scan (1 second scan time and 5 mm slice). The relationship between CAC and other clinical features (age, sex, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, smoking, resting ECG, exercise stress ECG, aortic calcification and optic fundi) were studied. CAC were seen more frequently in patients with ischemic heart disease (63%), old age (67%), aortic calcification (70%) and positive exercise testing (64%). On the other hand, CAC were rare in variant angina (30%). In younger patients (under 70 y/o), CAC were seen more frequently in diabetic patients. But, in older patients, CAC were frequently in those with hyperlipidemia. These results suggested that CAC was associated with not only systemic arteriosclerosis, but also ischemic heart disease, except vasospastic angina. The prognostic value of CAC would be studied later.
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PMID:Clinical significance of coronary artery calcification. 779 Jul 45

The left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic functions in 31 patients with sick sinus syndrome (types I and II) were analyzed using LV time activity curves obtained by a 99mTc-RBC cardiac pool scintigraphy-forward and backward multiple gated study (FBMG) and compared with those in controls. On A-V sequential pacing (rate, 70 bpm; A-V delay, 150 msec), LV-peak ejection rate (PER) and peak filling rate (PFR) were significantly decreased compared to those in normal controls. As pacing rate was increased, PFR decreased significantly in patients in whom PER was decreased. The etiology of disturbed LV systolic and diastolic functions in patients with sick sinus syndrome remains unknown. No patient had significant organic coronary artery disease or other cardiac disorder. On the other hand, the frequency of vasospastic angina was higher in this group than in the controls. We suspect that sick sinus syndrome and vasospastic angina probably share a common pathophysiology. In patients with sick sinus syndrome, LV systolic and diastolic functions are impaired at rest and during A-V sequential pacing.
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PMID:[Left ventricular hemodynamics in patients with sick sinus syndrome: analysis by 99mTc-RBC cardiac pool scintigraphy with forward and backward multiple gated method (FBMG)]. 846

This study was designed to examine the ventricular vulnerability of patients with vasospastic angina. Fourteen patients (mean age 57 +/- 9 years) with vasospastic angina underwent electrophysiologic testing during the asymptomatic phase (baseline) and after the relief of acetylcholine-induced spasm with isosorbide dinitrates. Twenty patients without structural heart disease served as a control group. By programmed ventricular stimulation, polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (VT) was induced at baseline in 6 of 14 patients, with 1 patient developing ventricular fibrillation and 7 of 14 patients developing repetitive ventricular responses. After isosorbide dinitrate, polymorphic VT was induced in only 1 patient who had ventricular fibrillation at baseline. Repetitive ventricular responses were induced in 3 of 5 patients who had VT at baseline and in 4 of the 7 patients with repetitive ventricular responses at baseline. There was a significant difference in the incidences and severity of induced ventricular arrhythmias between the 2 phases (p <0.01). Among 20 control subjects, repetitive ventricular responses were induced only in 6 patients, but no VT was induced. There was a significant difference in the incidence of induced ventricular arrhythmias and VT at baseline between the vasospastic angina and control groups (p <0.001 and <0.01, respectively). Thus, patients with vasospastic angina had increased ventricular vulnerability, even during the symptom-free period without ischemic events, which could predispose to the development of life-threatening arrhythmias aggravated by vasospastic attacks.
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PMID:Induction of polymorphic ventricular tachycardia by programmed ventricular stimulation in vasospastic angina pectoris. 860 62

We report here a case of vasospastic angina following the administration of Carboplatin (CBDCA) and Etoposide (VP-16) in a patient with small cell lung carcinoma. Although these drugs are commonly used to treat small cell lung carcinoma, there has been no previous report of vasospastic angina in a patient without a history of heart disease. Therefore, we should be aware of the possibility that vasospastic angina may develop even in a patient without any history of heart disease. While calcium antagonist and isosorbide dinitrate are generally helpful for preventing vasospastic angina, these drugs could not completely suppress vasospastic angina in this case.
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PMID:Vasospastic angina after chemotherapy by with carboplatin and etoposide in a patient with lung cancer. 874 Dec 46

We report two cases of acute cervical angina and ECG changes induced by anteflexion of the head. Cervical angina is defined as chest pain that resembles true cardiac angina but originates from cervical discopathy with nerve root compression. In these patients, Prinzmetal's angina, valvular heart disease, congenital heart disease, left ventricular aneurysm, and cardiomyopathy were excluded. After all, the patient's chest pain was reproduced by anteflexion of head, at this time, their ECGs showed nonspecific ST-T changes in the inferior and anterior leads different from the basal ECG. ECG changes returned to normal when the patient's neck moved to the neutral position. To our knowledge, these are the first cases of cervical angina associated with acute ECG changes by neck motion.
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PMID:Acute ECG changes and chest pain induced by neck motion in patients with cervical hernia--a case report. 1133 May 15


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