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Query: UMLS:C0018799 (heart disease)
 34,133 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two autopsy-proved cases are presented of a rare form of congenital heart disease, anatomically corrected malposition (S, D, L). Anatomically corrected malposition means that despite the abnormal relationship between the great arteries, the aorta arises nonetheless above the anatomically left ventricle and the pulmonary artery originates above the anatomically right ventricle. (S, D. L) briefly indicates the segmental set or combination: situs solitus of viscera and atria (S), ventricular D-loop (D), AND L-MALPOSITION OF THE GREAT ARTERIES (L). These are the first cases of anatomically corrected malposition (ACM) in whom the presence of a subaortic muscular conus only has been documented pathologically. This established that ACM can occur with a subaortic conus, as well as with a bilateral conus. From the diagnostic standpoint, the distributions or epicardial courses of the coronary arteries are recommended as a helpful approach to ventricular identification. This diagnostic method has widespread angiocardiographic and surgical applications. Symbolic terminology, exemplified by anatomically corrected malposition (S, D. L) is brief and accurate. This approach may conveniently be applied to many other forms of comples congenital heart disease, and it considerably facilitates computer data processing.
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PMID:Anatomically corrected malposition of the great arteries (S, D, L). 12 88

An attempt was made to derive a useful noninvasive index to evalute a change in myocardial contractile state using transcutaneous Doppler flow-velocity curve from the carotid artery. In 5 mongrel dogs and in 43 patients with various heart disease, Doppler flow velocity curves were obtained from the ascending aorta intravascularly using a Doppler catheter and/or from carotid artery transcutaneously using a Doppler probe. The first derivative of left ventricular pressure (dp/dt) and electrocardiogram (ECG) were recorded simultaneously. The following 3 indices were measured from the Doppler flow-velocity curves: (1) macimum acceleration of blood flow (dv/dt), (2) time from onset of ejection to peak flow (time-to-peak), (3) time interval between the beginning of Q wave of ECG to the peak of Doppler flow velocity curve (ECG Q-Doppler peak). Among these 3 indices, only ECG Q-Doppler peak demonstrated a significant correlation between the values measured intravascularly and transcutaneously. Also, only ECG Q-Doppler peak showed significant correlation with maximum of dp/dt (max dp/dt). Since ECG Q-Doppler peak showed correlation with heart rate, the difference between observed and predicted ECG Q-Doppler peak (delta ECG Q-Doppler peak) was calculated to exclude the effect of heart rate. Predicted value of ECG Q-Doppler peak was calculated from the regression equation between heart rate and ECG Q-Doppler peak in the separate experiments. There was significant correlation between delta ECG Q-Doppler peak and max dp/dt. In 15 patients with coronary artery disease and in 16 healthy subjects, delta ECG Q-Doppler peak and the other noninvasive method (systolic time intervals) were measured. Delta ECG Q-Doppler peak showed better result in the separation of 2 groups than by systolic timeintervals. It was concluded that delta ECG Q-Doppler peak is a useful index to evaluate the myocardial contractile state since this index is readily obtained noninvasively.
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PMID:Blood flow velocity in the carotid artery as a measure of myocardial contractility. 12 16

Two young Black female patients with pulmonary valve stenosis and intact ventricular septa are presented in protracted congestive cardiac failure with severe tricuspid insufficiency and, in one, atrial fibrillation. Right ventricular systolic dysfunction was manifested by peak systolic pressures below systemic level, raised end-diastolic pressures and low cardiac output, but without right-to-left shunt. These findings are in strong contrast to those found in most patients with pulmonary stenosis of long standing, where persistent impairment of right ventricular function is diastolic with a high end-diastolic pressure and reversal of an interatrial shunt which result from poor right ventricular compliance. Evidence of left ventricular dysfunction was also present in both cases. Protracted heart failure in these patients is believed to have been the result of coincidental cardiomyopathy in a racial group highly predisposed to this disorder. A diagnostic appreciation of this phenomenon is important in the evaluation of heart disease in the Black, since cardiomyopathy may modify or even mask the features of the underlying disorder.
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PMID:Pulmonary stenosis and impaired myocardial function. 12 85

The electrocardiographic findings in 86 four-year-old children with innocent murmur of the so-called vibratory type are described. The electrical axis, the Q, R and S waves in the right and left precordial leads were compared with figures from the literature and with a control group of 4-year-old children without signs of somatic disease. The most significant findings were higher amplitudes of Q and R waves over the left precordium in children with vibratory murmur. Many children in this group had amplitudes of these waves exceeding accepted normal limits. There were no findings compatible with organic heart disease and the difference as compared to normal values and controls is probably a matter of variations in the position of the heart.
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PMID:High voltage QRS complexes in children with innocent, "vibratory" heart murmur. 12 12

There has been many studies on myocardial catecholamine (CA) in congestive heart failure and ishemias heart disease. However, it has been mainly studied pharmacologically and biochemically and has not been elucidated completely the local change of CA of the myocardium. CA in sympathetic nerves was first stained fluorescence histochemically by Falck-Hillarp in 1962, and many observations were made on its distribution and morphologically concentration of CA in tissue was also observed. Furthermore, the fluorescence histochemical simplified method (cryostat method) by Laties and Jacobowitz was published in 1967. This cryostat method produced the same good preparation instead of the freezed dried method of Falck-Hillarp and could be used semi-quantitatively for the determination of CA concentration in tissue. The author examined fluorescent-histochemically the distribution of CA in sympathetic nerve endings of the myocardium of animals (mouses, rabbits and dogs). After the administration of several agents and in some pathologic conditions, those were in the hypertrophied heart and impending heart failure, in myocardial infarction and A-V block. Furthermore, the change of CA in the myocardium was examined biochemically by von Euler method and its results were compared with the results of fluorescence-histo chemical method.
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PMID:[Catecholamine in the myocardium; a fluorescence histochemical study]. 12 82

In reviewing the present-day status of cor pulmonale, it is clear that considerable progress has been made in almost all instances of the disease. It is clearly a preventable form of heart disease in most cases and it is treatable and curable in its most common form, i. e., in COPD. One must agree with Petty, that today we have effective means of caring for the majority of respiratory cripples. Therapy for lung disease now appears even to have reduced the expected rate of pulmonary function deterioration in some patients. Surely with improved gas exchange and early detection of respiratory insufficiency the outlook for patients with respiratory diseases leading to cor pulmonale is better today than it was 30 years ago.
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PMID:Cor pulmonale (pulmonary heart disease): present-day status. 12 8

A postmortem coronary angiography technique employing aortic injection of contrast medium and double contrast visualization of the aortic bulb and large epicardial coronary trunks was applied to the study of coronary ostia in a series of 124 deaths from acute myocardial infarction and a series of 89 sudden deaths without recent infarction and 42 violent deaths. A stenosis of 50 per cent or more of the lumen was found in the right ostium in 45 per cent and in the left ostium in 8 per cent of infarct cases. The corresponding figures in sudden deaths were 37 per cent on the right and 4.5 per cent on the left side, and in violent deaths 7 per cent in the right ostium and none in the left. Most ostial stenoses were caused by coronary atherosclerosis. In 9 patients, two with a recent infarct and 7 sudden deaths, an ostial stenosis was the only stenosed site in the coronary arterial tree. Of theses 9 patients, 7 were known to have suffered from symptomatic heart disease during life, chest pain on effort and arrhythmias being the most common complaint.
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PMID:Occurrence of coronary ostial stenosis in a necropsy series of myocardial infarction, sudden death, and violent death. 12 64

Sixty-nine children with Down syndrome (mongolism, trisomy 21), with atrial septal defect, patent ductus arteriosus, ventricular septal defect, or endocardial cushion defects, and 315 children with similar cardiac anomalies without this syndrome underwent cardiac catheterization during an 8-year period from 1964 to 1973. Only patients under 17 years of age were included in the study. Nine tenths of the children with Down syndrome but only one fourth of the control group had abnormally high pulmonary arterial pressures. For example, 9 of 11 children with defects of the atrial septum and Down syndrome had pulmonary hypertension; in contrast, only 5 of 55 control subjects with similar defects had pulmonary hypertension. The data suggest that children with congenital heart disease and Down syndrome have an unusually high pulmonary vascular resistance and a propensity for early development of severe damage to the pulmonary vascular bed.
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PMID:The pulmonary vascular bed in children with Down syndrome. 12 55

The causes of death in 130 patients with Down's Syndrome and mortality rates from a material of 524 patients were tabulated; a life-table for the ages over 5 years was constructed. An overall death rate of 5-7 times the general population rate was found. No sex difference was observed. The excess mortality was expecially high for heart disease and respiratory disease. Also infectious diseases, others than pneumonia and tuberculosis, showed high mortality rates.
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PMID:Mortality and life-table in Down's syndrome. 12 22

Thirty-two patients with heart disease in addition to another disability were monitored continuously with the ten-hour electrocardiographic (ECG) tape. Eighteen of the 32 patients manifested abnormalities of rate, rhythm or ST-segment depression. Patients with arrhythmia eventually did better than those with other ECG abnormalities because drug therapy was successful in abolishing the abnormal rhythm in most cases. Those patients with excessive tachycardia did poorly as a group in so far as their rehabilitation program was concerned. This technique of continuous ECG monitoring may be helpful in assessing myocardial performance in these patients and in defining the prescription for rehabilitation therapy.
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PMID:Myocardial performance of disabled patients in a rehabilitation program. 12 63


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