Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a previous study we demonstrated that cluster headache (CH) patients present an increased Natural Cytotoxic response after incubation of their peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) with Interleukin-2 (IL-2). This phenomenon led to an investigation of the phenotypic expression of PBL before and after IL-2 incubation, and of the IL-2 lymphocyte receptor. IL-2 receptor is expressed on T-lymphocytes activated with an high-affinity binding site. The analysis of the function of human IL-2 receptor was facilitated by the production of a specific monoclonal antibody (MAb). This MAb identifies the IL-2 receptors by blocking the binding of radiolabelled IL-2 to T-cells. In addition, we studied the expression of Leu-4, specific for T-cells; of Leu-11b, specific for FC receptor on NK cells; and the Transferrin Receptor, specific for lymphoblasts and monocytes. Twenty-three episodic CH patients were selected for this study. Ten sex and age-matched healthy volunteers were used as the control group. We evaluated the PBL phenotypic expression of cells subsets before incubation with IL-2 (1,000 I.U./ml) and after 72 hours. The following Becton Dickinson MAbs have been used: anti-Leu-4 (CD3), anti-IL-2 receptors (CD25), anti-Transferrin receptor (TFR) and anti-Leu-11b (CD16). Indirect fluorescence with a Becton Dickinson FACS-420 flow cytometer was used to analyze the cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Headache 1990 Mar
PMID:Defective expression of IL-2 receptors on peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with cluster headache. 233 78

A 27-year-old pregnant woman was admitted to a local hospital because of headache, nausea, and general fatigue. Her blood examination showed leukocytosis, anemia, and thrombocytopenia. She was referred to our hospital in March 1998. Her bone marrow was normocellular with an excess of blasts (89.1%, peroxidase stain(-), PAS stain(-)) that displayed a positive immunophenotype for CD2, CD4, CD5, CD7, CD34, CD38, and CD71. Chromosome analysis revealed complex abnormal karyotypes. The patient was given a diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia associated with central nervous system and breast infiltration, and received induction chemotherapy during the second trimester of her pregnancy. After she achieved complete remission, a cesarean section was performed, and a healthy baby delivered. Our experience in this case demonstrated that combination chemotherapy during the second trimester of pregnancy is feasible.
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PMID:[Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with breast infiltration during the second trimester of pregnancy and followed by successful delivery]. 1049 40

Iron-deficiency anaemia (IDA) represents a major burden to public health worldwide. The therapeutic aim for patients with IDA is to return iron stores and haemoglobin (Hb) levels to within the normal range using supplemental iron therapy and erythropoiesis-stimulating agents. Oral and previous intravenous (i.v.) iron formulations have a number of disadvantages, including immunogenic reactions, oxidative stress, low dosages, long administration times and the requirement for a test dose. Ferric carboxymaltose (FCM, Ferinject) is a novel, next-generation i.v. iron formulation with the potential to overcome these limitations. In this single-centre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD), safety and tolerability of single, escalating doses of FCM were investigated. Four ascending doses were investigated in a total of 24 patients with mild IDA (defined as serum ferritin < 20 microg/l and transferrin saturation [TfS] < 16%): 100 mg iron as FCM given as an i.v. bolus injection, and 500, 800 and 1000 mg iron as FCM given as an i.v. infusion over 15 min. At each dose level six patients received FCM and two received placebo. The decision to escalate to the next dose was based on evaluation of safety and tolerability data from the previous dose. The maximum duration of the study was 5 weeks from screening to final assessment. Assessments were made of PK iron-status parameters up to 168 h post-dose. Safety assessments included incidence of adverse events (AEs), clinical laboratory parameters and vital signs. PK and PD parameters were analysed using descriptive statistics. All analyses were performed on the safety population, which included all patients who received > or = 1 dose of study medication. Seventy-seven patients were screened and, of these, 32 male and female patients with pre-study Hb between 9.2 and 11.9 g/dl and serum ferritin < 20 microg/l were included in the study. Two patients had TfS > 16% (19.2% and 17.2%); both patients were considered by the investigator to be eligible for inclusion. Compared with placebo, a rapid, dose-dependent increase in total serum iron was observed across all dose groups. Mean (standard deviation) maximum total serum iron levels ranged between 36.9 (4.4) and 317.9 (42.3) microg/ml in the 100 and 1000 mg groups. Concentration-time curves of total serum iron continuously declined for up to 24 and 72 h post-dose in the 100 and 500-1000 mg groups, respectively. Non-compartmental analysis of PK parameters was truncated at 24 h (100 mg) and 72 h (500-1000 mg doses). A dose-dependent, but not dose-linear, increase in serum ferritin was seen in all treatment groups compared with placebo, with peak levels of a 23-210-fold increase above baseline occurring 48-120 h postdose. Iron-binding capacity was transiently almost fully utilized after doses of 500, 800 and 1000 mg (TfS > 95%). No meaningful changes in serum transferrin or serum transferrin receptor concentrations were observed during this study. The elimination pattern for FCM appeared to be mono-exponential; FCM was cleared from serum with a terminal halflife of approximately 7.4-12.1 h. The percentage of FCM excreted in urine was negligible (0.0005%). FCM was well tolerated; a total of 19 AEs were reported by 8/32 patients (25%), of which three were considered by the investigator to be related to FCM: nausea and vomiting (one patient [100 mg]), and headache (one patient [1000 mg]). The incidence of AEs did not increase with dose. No severe or serious AEs, or deaths occurred. FCM had no significant effect on laboratory safety parameters or vital signs. This study satisfactorily characterized the PK/PD parameters of single doses of 100, 500, 800 and 1000 mg iron as FCM. The majority of FCM was utilized or eliminated within 24 h of administration of a 100 mg dose and within 72 h of a 500-1000 mg dose. FCM was generally well tolerated across all doses in patients with mild IDA.
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PMID:Pharmacokinetics, safety and tolerability of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose: a dose-escalation study in volunteers with mild iron-deficiency anaemia. 2064 28