Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Paclitaxel is an antimicrotubule agent that was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Because it is insoluble in water, it is mixed with Cremophor EL (polyoxyethylated castor oil). The addition of Cremophor requires the use of glass bottles or polyolefin or polypropylene bags and polypropylene-lined tubings for the administration of paclitaxel. In addition, 0.22 micron in-line filters are necessary. The potential side effects of paclitaxel during its infusion include hypersensitivity reaction (HSR), cardiotoxicity, infiltration, diarrhea, and nausea, whereas myelosuppression, neurotoxicity, myalgias, arthralgias, alopecia, fatigue, headache, taste changes, and minor alterations in renal and liver function tests can occur after its administration. Premedications including an H2 blocker, a corticosteroid, and an antihistamine are necessary to minimize the occurrences of HSRs. Vital signs should be monitored throughout the infusion to assess for HSRs and cardiotoxicity. Paclitaxel has been shown to be safe in both the inpatient and outpatient settings. Nursing care includes the administration of the drug, the assessment and management of side effects, and psychosocial support of patients receiving the drug.
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PMID:Nursing implications in the administration of paclitaxel (TAXOL). 790 74

Increased bone marrow angiogenesis and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels are adverse prognostic features in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs). VEGF is a soluble circulating angiogenic molecule that stimulates signaling via receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs), including VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2). AML blasts may express VEGFR-2, c-kit, and FLT3. SU5416 is a small molecule RTK inhibitor (RTKI) of VEGFR-2, c-kit, and both wild-type and mutant FLT3. A multicenter phase 2 study of SU5416 was conducted in patients with refractory AML or MDS. For a median of 9 weeks (range, 1-55 weeks), 55 patients (33 AML: 10 [30%] primary refractory, 23 [70%] relapsed; 22 MDS: 15 [68%] relapsed) received 145 mg/m2 SU5416 twice weekly intravenously. Grade 3 or 4 drug-related toxicities included headaches (14%), infusion-related reactions (11%), dyspnea (14%), fatigue (7%), thrombotic episodes (7%), bone pain (5%), and gastrointestinal disturbance (4%). There were 11 patients (20%) who did not complete 4 weeks of therapy (10 progressive disease, 1 adverse event); 3 patients (5%) who achieved partial responses; and 1 (2%) who achieved hematologic improvement. Single agent SU5416 had biologic and modest clinical activity in refractory AML/MDS. Overall median survival was 12 weeks in AML patients (range, 4-41 weeks) and not reached in MDS patients. Most observed toxicities were attributable to drug formulation (polyoxyl 35 castor oil or hyperosmolarity of the SU5416 preparation). Studies of other RTKI and/or other antiangiogenic approaches, with correlative studies to examine biologic effects, may be warranted in patients with AML/MDS.
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PMID:SU5416, a small molecule tyrosine kinase receptor inhibitor, has biologic activity in patients with refractory acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes. 1264 63

Nine people who ate a fish curry from a mobile canteen experienced increased heart rate, flushed skin, headache, nausea and diarrhoea shortly afterwards. These symptoms, which lasted for a mean of nine hours, were thought to have been associated with a combination of fish histamine and wax ester poisoning. The incriminated fish used was eventually identified as castor oil fish (Ruvettus pretiosus). Fish histamine poisoning is not confined to any particular species but wax ester intoxication only results from the consumption of two fish species, making identification of the incriminated fish of great importance in ascertaining a cause.
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PMID:Fish, so foul! Foodborne illness caused by combined fish histamine and wax ester poisoning. 1507 60

We report a case of multisystem organ failure after large volume subcutaneous injection of castor oil for cosmetic enhancement. An unlicensed practitioner injected 500 mL of castor oil bilaterally to the hips and buttocks of a 28-year-old male to female transsexual. Immediate local pain and erythema were followed by abdominal and chest pain, emesis, headache, hematuria, jaundice, and tinnitus. She presented to an emergency department 12 hours postinjection. Persistently hemolyzed blood samples complicated preliminary laboratory analysis. She rapidly deteriorated despite treatment and developed fever, tachycardia, hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, hepatitis, respiratory distress, and anuric renal failure. An infectious diseases evaluation was negative. After intensive supportive care, including mechanical ventilation and hemodialysis, she was discharged 11 days later, requiring dialysis for an additional 1.5 months. Castor oil absorption was inferred from recovery of the Ricinus communis biomarker, ricinine, in the patient's urine (41 ng/mL). Clinicians should anticipate multiple complications after unapproved methods of cosmetic enhancement.
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PMID:Multisystem organ failure after large volume injection of castor oil. 1913 11