Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 38-year-old man presented with a year-long history of worsening headache. Neuroradiological findings showed that a solid cystic mass occupied the right lateral ventricle. Histologically, the tumor composed of nuclear dense zones consisting of a cluster of spindle cells and fibrillary zones consisting of streaming of cell processes. The tumor cells showed the characteristics of monopolar or bipolar processes. Some tumor cell processes extended to the vessel wall and formed ill-defined perivascular rosettes. No mitoses or necrosis were found. The cells presented positive for GFAP, S-100 protein, vimentin, Nestin and neurofilament, and dotlike positive for epithelial membrane antigen, but negative for Syn and NeuN. Four cases of tanycytic ependymoma arising from the lateral ventricle have been reported in literature. Histological differential diagnosis includes spindle-shaped neuroepithelial tumors, such as pilocytic astrocytoma, fibrillary astrocytoma and schwannoma. Tanycytic ependymoma has slightly better prognosis than other ependymoma subtypes.
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PMID:Tanycytic ependymoma arising from the right lateral ventricle: a case report and review of the literature. 1831 48

A seventeen-year-old female patient was admitted with sudden-onset of headache and vomiting. Brain magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a heterogeneously enhancing tumour in the left lateral ventricle. The tumour was removed and confirmed as a central neurocytoma (CN). For the residual tumour in the left lateral ventricle, gamma knife stereotactic radiosurgery was done at fifteen months after the initial surgery. Tumour recurred in the 4th ventricle at 5 yr after initial surgery. The tumour was removed and proved as a CN. In vitro primary culture was done with both tumours obtained from the left lateral ventricle and the 4th ventricle, respectively. Nestin, a neuronal stem cell marker was expressed in reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction of both tumors. Both tumours showed different morphology and phenotypes of neuron and glia depending on the culture condition. When cultured in insulin, transferrin selenium and fibronectin media with basic fibroblast growth factors, tumour cells showed neuronal morphology and phenotypes. When cultured in the Dulbeco's Modified Essential Media with 20% fetal bovine serum, tumors cells showed glial morphology and phenotypes. It is suggested that CN has the characteristics of neuronal stem cells and potential to differentiate into mature neuron and glial cells depending on the environmental cue.
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PMID:Primary culture of central neurocytoma: a case report. 2043 22

We describe a rare case of gliosarcoma with primitive neuroectodermal, osseous, cartilage and adipocyte differentiation. A 57-year-old man experienced a month history of headache, nausea and vomiting. Worse yet, the headache has become more severe for the past 6 days. Magnetic resonance (MR) images disclosed a lesion with operative indications located in the right frontal lobe. Then the tumor was macroscopically totally removed. Histologically, the tumor showed two kinds of components. One kind of the tumor cells appeared typical astrocytic tumor cells with anaplastic appearance. The other kind of the tumor cells appeared sheets of small round hyperchromatic cells, which presented a kind of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (PNET)-like structure. These sheets of small round cells were surrounded by a large number of relative-sparse-spindle cells. Multiple separate distinct areas of adipose tissue, osteoid matrix laid down and cartilage tissue were also identified. Immunohistochemically, a portion of typical astrocytic tumor cells and some small round hyperchromatic cells showed GFAP positivity. Small round hyperchromatic cells were positive for S-100, Fli-1, Nestin, MAP-2 and Syn. A large amount of relative sparse spindle cells (sarcomatous areas) were positive for vimentin. In addition, reticulin staining demonstrated expression of reticular fibers in relative-sparse-spindle cells areas but not in the astrocytic tumor cells and small round hyperchromatic cells areas. Molecular cytogenetic analyses demonstrated PTEN allele loss and no evidence of amplification of EGFR in both the astrocytic tumor cells, PNET-like structure and sparse spindle cells areas. These data suggest that this tumor was a gliosarcoma with primitive neuroectodermal, osseous, cartilage and adipocyte differentiation. To our knowledge, this is a rare gliosarcoma , reporting our additional new case would add to the better understanding of this tumor.
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PMID:Gliosarcoma with primitive neuroectodermal, osseous, cartilage and adipocyte differentiation: a case report. 2597 8