Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 24-year-old woman with bifrontal headaches was found to have a well-circumscribed lesion in the frontal lobe subcortical white matter. Microscopic examination showed clusters of small round cells separated by hypocellular neuropil-like areas, and a distinct border between tumor and surrounding white matter. Synaptophysin was diffusely positive in neuropil-like areas, and many tumor cells expressed NeuN. Based on these findings, a diagnosis of "extraventricular neurocytoma" was made. A double-label immunofluorescence stain was performed with NeuN and Ki-67 antibodies to determine if NeuN+ cells remained in the mitotic cycle. No colocalization of these markers was found, thus supporting the hypothesis that neuronal differentiation (as marked by NeuN expression) is incompatible with continued proliferation of tumor cells, as well as normal neurons.
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PMID:March 2004: a 24-year-old woman with bifrontal headaches. 1544 92

Primary pineal gland malignancies are uncommon and seldom have papillary architecture. We report a case of a 22-year-old male patient who presented with progressive headache, horizontal nystagmus and worsening diplopia. MRI of the brain showed a lesion in the pineal region. The patient was taken for resection of the lesion which was classified as papillary tumor of pineal region (PTPR). Histologically, the neoplasm was cellular, characterized by eosinophilic cells with indistinct borders, large pleomorphic nuclei, numerous apoptotic figures without necrosis or microvascular proliferation. Prominent perivascular pseudorosettes were seen. Diffuse immunoreactivity for cytokeratin 8-18 was noted. Synaptophysin antibody showed membranous and cytoplasmic positivity. Weak staining for GFAP, vimentin, S-100 protein, and neuron specific enolase (NSE) were observed only focally. This is a case report of this rare pineal region neoplasm which only recently has been described as a histopathologic entity. Although the clinicopathological characteristics of this tumor are not entirely understood, a brief review of the literature as well as our contribution suggest an indolent neoplasm with a tendency for local recurrence. Histologically, PTPR demonstrates a unique assortment of epithelial, ependymal, and neuroendocrine features. The differential diagnosis of papillary neoplasms of the pineal region is reviewed.
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PMID:Papillary tumor of the pineal region. 1806 72

Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT)-like neoplasms of the septum pellucidum are extremely rare. We reviewed 2 cases of DNT-like neoplasm of the septum pellucidum and specifically studied the immunohistochemical features and chromosomes 1p and 19q deletions. One case was a 26-year-old woman who complained of aggravated headache for 2 weeks. The other case was a 31-year-old female presenting with double vision for a month. Histological examinations showed that the lesions were composed of uniform oligodendrocytelike cells (OLCs) with obvious floating neurons in a mucin-rich background. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that both tumors were diffusely positive for Synaptophysin and Olig2. Sporadic neurons were clearly positive for NeuN. Loss of chromosome 1p/19q and isocitrate dehydrogenase 1(IDH1) mutations were not identified in both cases. It might indicate that these OLCs of DNT-like neoplasms were genetically different from glial tumors, although they showed close morphological similarities.
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PMID:Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor-like neoplasm of the septum pellucidum: review of 2 cases with chromosome 1p/19q and IDH1 analysis. 2219 2

Medulloepithelioma is an extremely rare PNET in late adolescence and adults with only two cases noted in literature. These are WHO grade IV tumors with dismal prognosis. Only few cases survived beyond 5 months. We report a rare case of supratentorial medulloepithelioma in a 17 year old girl. She had presented with right sided weakness, headache and vomiting. Imaging showed an enhancing mass lesion in left parietal region which undergone gross total resection. After surgery, her headache, vomiting and right sided weakness improved. On histopathology, the tumor had characteristic trabecular, ribbon and palisaded arrangement with brisk mitotic activity, necrosis and calcification. Immuno-histochemistry revealed positivity for Synaptophysin, Vimentin and EMA while GFAP was negative. MIB-1 labeling was very high. Patient received postoperative radiotherapy. On follow up after 14 months, she was clinically asymptomatic with no recurrence on imaging.
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PMID:Unusual occurrence of supratentorial medulloepithelioma in a young female. 2500 66