Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Medical surveillance of Catania public sector employees who use video display terminals (VDTs) revealed complaints of eye and upper respiratory tract irritation, skin rash, headache, mental fatigue and reduced concentration in some of the workers. These were employed in three recently renovated offices and showed the above symptoms while at work. Investigations were performed to verify whether contaminants that may cause the above symptoms were present in the indoor air. In particular, levels of formaldehyde and CO2 were continuously monitored. CO2 levels were found to be higher in offices open to the general public as compared to other offices (including the three renovated ones). However, CO2 levels were never above 1,000 ppm. Formaldehyde was found in the indoor air of all three renovated offices in approximately equal concentrations, ranging from a minimum of 0,07 - 0,09 ppm to a maximum of 0,3 -0,4 ppm. In addition, a strong pungent odor typical of this substance was present in all three renovated offices but not in the others. Formaldehyde pollution must always be considered and assessed whenever new furnishings that may have required the use of glues that emit formaldehyde are brought into an indoor environment.
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PMID:[Results of a study on formaldehyde pollution as a cause of discomfort in public sector office workers]. 1558 10

Previously an amplitude enhancement of laser evoked potentials (LEPs) was detected during migraine attack: we further examined pain threshold to CO2 laser stimuli and LEPs during attacks, evaluating the effect of almotriptan, lysine-acetylsalicylate and placebo treatment on cutaneous hyperalgesia to thermal stimuli delivered by CO2 laser and on LEP components. Eighteen patients suffering from migraine without aura were analysed. They were divided into three groups of six patients each, randomly assigned to lysine acetyl-salicylate, almotriptan or placebo treatments. The supraorbital zones and the dorsum of the hand were stimulated on both the symptomatic and not symptomatic side in all patients. The LEPs were recorded by 25 scalp electrodes. During attacks, the P2 wave was significantly enhanced; the amplitude of the P2 component obtained by the stimulation of the supraorbital zone during the attack on the side of the headache was significantly correlated with the intensity of pain and the frequency of headache. Both almotriptan and lysine acetyl-salicylate significantly reduced the P2 amplitude but they showed no effects on hyperalgesia to laser stimulation; headache relief following therapy was correlated with the reduction of the P2 amplitude. The cortical elaboration of laser-induced experimental pain seemed increased during migraine attack, and the severity of headache was mainly related to the increase of the later LEPs components expressing the attentive and emotive compounds of suffering. Reversion of this process appeared to be primarily responsible for the efficacy of drugs in treating migraine, though both almotriptan and lysine-acetil salicilate seemed to have no effect in reducing sensitization at second and third order nociceptive neurons.
Cephalalgia 2005 May
PMID:Effects of symptomatic treatments on cutaneous hyperalgesia and laser evoked potentials during migraine attack. 1583 51

A reduced habituation of averaged laser-evoked potential (LEP) amplitudes was previously found in migraine patients. The aim of the present study was to assess the habituation of single LEP responses and pain sensation during the interictal phase in migraine patients. Fourteen migraine patients were compared with ten control subjects. The pain stimulus was laser pulses, generated by CO2 laser, delivered to right supraorbital zone. Patients were evaluated during attack-free conditions. The LEP habituation was studied by measuring the changes of LEP amplitudes across and within three consecutive repetitions of 21 non-averaged trials. In migraine patients the N2-P2 wave amplitudes did not show a tendency toward habituation across and, above all, within the three repetitions. Anomalous behaviour of nociceptive cortex during the interictal phase of migraine may predispose patients to headache occurrence and persistence.
J Headache Pain 2005 Sep
PMID:Habituation of single CO2 laser-evoked responses during interictal phase of migraine. 1636 62

After the demonstration that spinal cord stimulation (SCS) can improve peripheral blood flow it was Hosobuchi ('86) who first studied the effect of SCS on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in human beings. Our group found that SCS can produce either an increase of CBF or a reduction or no effect. In patients studied with both SPECT technique and TCD, the sign of the induced variations, when present in both, was the same. Cervical stimulation produces more frequently an increase in CBF (61% of cervical stimulations). Our experimental studies confirm that SCS and CO2 interact with the mechanism of regulation of CBF in a competitive way and produce a reversible functional sympathectomy. Further experimental reports suggest that SCS 1) drastically prevents cerebral infarction progression in cats; 2) improves clinical symptoms of patients in persistent vegetative states; 3) suppress headache attacks in migraneous patients; 4) significantly reduces ischemic brain oedema in rats. Following these clinical and experimental observations, Hosobuchi first used cervical SCS for the treatment of cerebral ischemia in man ('91). More recently we confirmed the therapeutic effect of SCS on ischemic stroke in humans, experimental brain injury and cerebral vasospasm in rabbits.
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PMID:Spinal cord stimulation and cerebral haemodynamics. 1737 Jul 75

Respiratory failure results from the incompetence of the respiratory system to eliminate the CO2 produced by the metabolism and to extract the O2 from the atmosphere. Manifestations of the chronic form are: dyspnea, fatigue, headaches, oedema, polyglobulia, and also anxiety, denutrition, social isolation. If neglected, it will lead to pulmonary hypertension and rapidly fatal chronic cor pulmonale. At home mechanical ventilation and oxygen-therapy are the basis of treatment. Major goals of chronic treatment are: control of dyspnea and anxiety, maintenance of a regular physical activity and a sufficient alimentation. These goals can only be achieved by a network of professionals taking charge of these complex patients, with their periodic inclusion in a pulmonary rehabilitation program.
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PMID:[Respiratory insufficiency]. 1742 97

Hosobuchi first studied the effect of spinal cord stimulation (SCS) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in human beings along with the demonstration that SCS can improve peripheral blood flow. Following these clinical and experimental observations Hosobuchi first used cervical SCS for the treatment of cerebral ischemia in man. Further experimental reports suggested so far that SCS 1) drastically prevents cerebral infarction progression along with a reduction in infarct volume in cats; 2) improves clinical symptoms of patients in persistent vegetative states; 3) suppress headache attacks in migraneous patients; 4) significantly reduces ischemic brain oedema in rats; 5) increase locoregional blood flow in high grade brain tumors. The authors found that SCS can produce either an increase of CBF or a reduction or no effect. In patients studied with both SPECT technique and transcranial Doppler (TCD) the sign of the induced variations, when present in both, as the same. Cervical stimulation produces more frequently an increase in CBF (61% of cervical stimulations). The authors' experimental studies confirm that SCS 1) interacts with CO2 with the mechanism of regulation of CBF in a competitive way and produce a reversible functional sympathectomy; 2) produces similar flowmetric changes in the brain as well as in the eyes; 3) can improve both clinical and haemodynamic ischemic stroke in humans; 4) prevents hemodynamic deterioration in the experimental combined ischemic and traumatic brain injury; 5) prevents experimental early vasospasm.
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PMID:Neuromodulation of cerebral blood flow by spinal cord electrical stimulation: the role of the Italian school and state of art. 1850 Feb 17

A female in her late 60s with chronic kidney disease was admitted to the emergency department with complaints of dizziness four days prior to hospitalization. Cibenzoline (300 mg/day) was administered for atrial fibrillation, which was detected in an electrocardiogram. After three days, she experienced blepharoptosis and was admitted for suspected myasthenia gravis. However, the anti-acetylcholine receptor antibody and edrophonium tests were negative. On day four after hospitalization, she suffered from pneumonia with pleural effusion and she was put on a respirator for four days. From day 16 after hospitalization, she had diarrhea and her renal function worsened. At the same time, a gradual aggravation of right blepharoptosis, dull headache, weakness and difficulty in chewing were noted. She experienced dyspnea on day 31 after hospitalization. Chest X-ray film did not show a pneumonia shadow or pleural effusion, and arterial blood gases revealed hypercapnia; she was diagnosed as having CO2 narcosis due to respiratory muscle fatigue and was put on a respirator again. Myasthenia-like syndrome was suspected because of a probable overdose of cibenzoline and administration of cibenzoline was withdrawn. Her condition improved and she was taken off the respirator on day 35 after hospitalization. Repetitive stimulation of 5 Hz was applied to her right facial nerve along with evoked electromyogram(EMG) on days 2 and 11 after discontinuing cibenzoline. On day 2, the EMG showed a waning phenomenon, whereas no such phenomenon was seen on day 11. The blood concentration of cibenzoline immediately after withdrawal was extremely high (2448 ng/mL). When this drug is administered to a patient with chronic kidney disease, attention must be paid to the indication, dose, and manifestation of the possible side effects.
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PMID:[Myasthenia-like syndrome induced by cibenzoline overdose in a patient with chronic kidney disease]. 1906 53

Sildenafil (Viagra), a cyclic guanosine monophosphate-degrading phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor, induces headache and migraine. Such headache induction may be caused by an increased neuronal excitability, as no concurrent effect on cerebral arteries is found. In 13 healthy females (23+/-3 years, 70.3+/-6.6 kg), the effect of sildenafil on a visual (reversing checkerboard) and a hypercapnic (6% CO2 inhalation) response was evaluated using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI, 3 T MR scanner). On separate occasions, visual-evoked potential (VEP) measurements (latency (P100) and maximal amplitude) were performed. The measurements were applied at baseline and at both 1 and 2 h after ingestion of 100 mg of sildenafil. Blood pressure, heart rate and side effects, including headache, were obtained. Headache was induced in all but one subject on both study days. Sildenafil did not affect VEP amplitude or latency (P100). The fMRI response to visual stimulation or hypercapnia was unchanged by sildenafil. In conclusion, sildenafil induces mild headache without potentiating a neuronal or local cerebrovascular visual response or a global cerebrovascular hypercapnic response. The implication is that sildenafil-induced headache does not include a general lowering of threshold for a neuronal or cerebrovascular response, and that sildenafil does not modulate the hypercapnic response in healthy subjects.
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PMID:Cerebral haemodynamic response or excitability is not affected by sildenafil. 1920 79

The aim of this study was to investigate, by means of transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD), cerebrovascular reactivity during the Valsalva maneuver (VM) during the headache-free interval in patients with migraine (M), migraine plus tension-type headache (M+TTH), and migraine plus medication overuse headache (M+MOH). A total of 114 patients (n=60 M, n=38 M+TTH, n=16 M+MOH) and n=60 controls were investigated; diagnoses were made according to the International Headache Society criteria. All subjects underwent TCD monitoring and, simultaneously, non-invasive assessment of arterial blood pressure and end-tidal CO2. Two indices were determined: the cerebrovascular Valsalva ratio (CVR) was calculated as the maximum end-diastolic flow velocity acceleration during the late straining phase of the VM [cm/s2] and the centroperipheral Valsalva ratio (CPVR) was defined as the quotient of CVR to the concomitant arterial blood pressure acceleration [cm/mmHg x s]. The dynamic cerebrovascular autoregulatory response to the VM, measured as CVR, was increased in patients with M and M+TTH compared to age-matched healthy subjects. By contrast, CPVR (i.e. the quotient of the cerebrovascular to the peripheral autonomic response), was increased in M patients compared to healthy subjects and all other headache conditions tested. Cerebrovascular autoregulatory response during the VM was increased in M patients compared to age-matched normal healthy subjects, indicating a disturbed autonomic control of cerebral vasoreactivity. The CPVR seems to be a sensitive parameter for distinguishing between M patients and M+TTH or M+MOH patients.
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PMID:Cerebrovascular reactivity during the Valsalva maneuver in migraine, tension-type headache and medication overuse headache. 2236 43

A 37-year-old woman presented to our hospital with a history of headaches, blurred vision and declining visual acuity. She had a history of obstructive sleep apnoea associated with Treacher Collins syndrome, a rare congenital disorder characterised by craniofacial deformities and obstruction of the upper airways. On funduscopy we noted bilateral papilloedema and retinal haemorrhages. A CT scan of the brain excluded a space occupying lesion and contrast-enhanced CT did not show evidence of venous sinus thrombosis. The cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure on lumbar puncture was normal. We made a diagnosis of visual loss and papilloedema secondary to chronic CO2 retention from obstructive sleep apnoea. Her vision and headaches improved remarkably following a permanent tracheostomy. This case highlights the association between obstructive sleep apnoea and papilloedema and shows that the associated visual loss can ultimately be restored with a tracheostomy.
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PMID:Declining vision: saved by a tracheostomy. 2409 64


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