Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of primary intracerebral malignant lymphoma were reported. Case 1 was a 42-year-old man who had been suffering from headache and mental disturbances for about 3 months prior to admission. These complaints progressed insidiously. He was admitted to our hospital on March 31, 1973. On neurological examinations he was in somnolence state and had neck rigidity, positive of Kernig's sign, disorientation and dyscalculia. Lumbar puncture gave a C.S.F. pressure of 240 mmH2O and the fluid contained 180 mg/dl of protein. A left vertebral angiogram via brachial artery demonstrated thalamic and cerebellar mass lesions. For the development of symptoms of increased intracranial pressure, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation was performed on April 7. A right carotid angiogram after ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation disclosed a frontal mass lesion. On May 2, a right frontal craniotomy was carried out and the frontal lobe was removed together with the tumors. After the operation his consciousness remained stupor. Thereafter consciousness and clinical pictures gradually worsened, and he died on May 30. Autopsy was performed, and gross examinations revealed tumors in the bilateral frontal and temporal lobes, right parietal lobe, and left cerebellar hemisphere. On coronal sections, there were neoplastic proliferation extending from the right thalamus to the putamen and a tumor in the right midbrain. No evidence of neoplastic proliferation was found outside the central nervous system. Microscopic examinations showed a diffuse proliferation of tumor cells with mitosis and polymorphism. The tumor was consisted of small lymphoid cells. Reticulin fibers were not found in the tumor with Watanabe's silver method. It was also unable to impregnate the tumor cells with silver carbonate. This case may be classified the primary interacerebral lymphosarcoma. Case 2 was a 48-year-old man, who was admitted to the hospital complaining of occipitalgia, speech disturbances and diffculty in walking. On neurological examinations, he had a right spastic hemiparesis and dyscalculia. A right carotid angiogram showed the frontal mass lesion. On April 18, a left frontal craniotomy was performed and frontal lobe was removed with the tumor. He made a good recovery from the operation and remained well for about 1 month. However, it culminated in a gradual diminution in the level of consciousness. Unfortunately, he died on June 20. No autopsy was performed. Histologically, the tumor cells had round or ovoid nuclei, mitosis and polymorphism. The perivascular arrangement of the tumor tissue showed tendency to confluence. There were reticulin fibers in the tumor tissue, particularly around the blood vessels. Microglial cells were not impregated with silver carbonate. It is supposed that this case belongs to the primary intracerebral "reticulum cells sarcoma-microglioma" described by Rubinstein or reticulum cell sarcoma. Both the case 1 and the case 2 should be filed to be malignant lymphoma in the wide category.
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PMID:[Two cases of primary intracerebral malignant lymphoma (author's transl)]. 110 27

This literature review compares the merits and disadvantages of the levonorgestrel-releasing IUD made by Leiras Pharmaceuticals, Turkey, Finland (LNG-IUD-20), with the Nova-T, Copper-T (TCu) and 220C, and Copper-T-38-Ag (TCu-380Ag). This IUD releases 20 mcg levonorgestrel daily from a Silastic sleeve on the vertical shaft containing 52 mg. The plasma level stabilized after a month at about 0.2 ng/ml, about half as high as that seen with Norplant implants. It is identical in size to the Nova-T. The Cu-T IUDs differ with respect to copper wire or sleeves, or silver-cored wire. The chief studies reviewed here were 2 multi-center trails primarily in European countries, and a 2 large multi-center trials in India. Cumulative pregnancy rates were 0.0 to 0.6 per 100 users for the LNG IUD, compared to slightly higher failures for inert or copper IUDs. While removal rates for bleeding, pain and pelvic inflammatory disease were lower for the LNG-IUD-20, removals for oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea and hormonal side effects were higher than for the other IUDS. In the Indian trials, removals for amenorrhea and irregular bleeding were much higher than rates reported in the European studies, resulting in significantly lower continuation rates overall. The results pointed to district benefits for the LNG-IUD-20, such as lower blood loss and anemia, relief of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia, as well as possible lower risks of ectopic pregnancy in case of failure, less PID (pelvic inflammatory disease), and the claim by the maker that strictly correct placement is not necessary. Disadvantages of the LNG-IUD-20 are more difficult insertion due to the wider diameter; oligomenorrhea, amenorrhea and irregular bleeding; hormonal side effects such as acne, weight gain, nausea, headache and breast tension; and potential risk of functional ovarian cysts. The LNG-IUD-20 is considered comparable to copper IUDs in effectiveness, safety, longevity, and return to fertility after removal. Users should be counseled that the oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea is neither a medical problem or indicative of infertility, is common for the 1st 2 months, is reversible on removal, may signal an improved hemoglobin profile, relief of dysmenorrhea, and may be preferred to heavy bleeding from other IUDS. The program implications of this IUD are potential lower incidence of ectopic pregnancy and PID. The effect of its use on breast feeding, cost-effectiveness compared to Norplant, in-country manufacture, and cultural acceptance need to be determined in specific locales.
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PMID:An evaluation of the levonorgestrel-releasing IUD: its advantages and disadvantages when compared to the copper-releasing IUDs. 177 15

A 66-year-old woman was admitted to the Medical College Hospital of Oita on February 23, 1988, because of headache and fever. Chest X-P and chest CT findings showed a coin lesion in r-S4. Cryptococcus neoformans was isolated from the CSF. Abnormal lymphocytes with lobulated nuclei were found in 0-5% of peripheral leukocytes. The ATLA-antibody was positive and bone marrow smear showed normal myelogram. According to these data, we diagnosed the patient as smouldering adult T-cell leukemia accompanied with pulmonary cryptococcosis and cryptococcal meningitis. C. neoformans disappeared from the CSF and cryptococcal antigen was not detectable after Amphotericin B and Flucytosine treatment. On April 1, the patient complained of a dry cough, high fever and dyspnea. A chest X-ray showed bilateral patchy infiltrations. By the methenamine silver staining, cysts of Pneumocystis carinii were found in the specimens of transbronchial lung biopsy and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. The abnormal shadow on chest X-ray disappeared after TMP-SMX and aerosolised pentamidine treatment.
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PMID:[A case of adult T-cell leukemia with pulmonary cryptococcosis, cryptococcal meningitis and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia]. 250 95

A 71-year-old man had sudden vision loss associated with headache. A temporal artery biopsy revealed a typical picture of giant cell arteritis. Subsequent steroid therapy failed to restore sight. A later blood culture contained spirochetes compatible with Borrelia species, and a silver stain of the temporal artery biopsy specimen demonstrated a similar spirochete. Treatment with i.v. ceftriaxone sodium led to some limited return of sight. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of a spirochete compatible with Borrelia found in a temporal artery biopsy specimen.
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PMID:Temporal arteritis associated with Borrelia infection. A case report. 252 42

We describe a renal allograft recipient with cat-scratch disease in whom refractory hypotension, severe metabolic acidosis, pulmonary infiltrates, and encephalopathy developed. The patient first presented with a history of cat bites and scratches, fever, headache, and arthralgias. Four weeks later, the clinical presentation of septic shock suddenly developed in the patient. Cat-scratch disease was documented clinically and by finding delicate pleomorphic bacilli in Warthin-Starry silver stains of biopsy specimens taken from the primary inoculation site and regional lymph node. The administration of intravenous sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, erythromycin lactobionate, and tobramycin sulfate therapy correlated with recovery. Although cat-scratch disease is usually a benign, self-limited illness, this article illustrates its systemic nature, its potential for devastating complications in the immunocompromised host, and its possible response to vigorous antibiotic therapy.
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PMID:Life-threatening cat-scratch disease in an immunocompromised host. 394 99

A 60-year-old house wife complained of anorexia, headaches and vomiting for several months. Later she developed disturbances in gait. At the terminal stage of her clinical course, 3 masses in the cerebrum and one in the cerebellum were detected by angiography and CT-scans. At autopsy, 3 masses in the frontal lobes, and one in each thalamus and still another in the cerebellum were found. They were accompanied with necrotic and haemorrhagic changes. Tumor cells were large irregular or round in shape, and showed metallophilia by the silver impregnations for reticlum cells and microglia. Some of them were multinucleated giant cells. Tumor cells showed occasionally phagocytic activity. Perivascular infiltration of tumor cells was marked around the tumor masses.
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PMID:Primary cerebral malignant lymphoma of the histiocytic type. 700 72

Eighty-one patients suffering from neck pain and tension-type headaches were treated by the application of a unique physical therapy device combining transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), traction, massage, vibration, and acupressure applied to the forehead, posterior cervical spine, and scapula. The device employed eight silver silicone electrodes for modality application. Its safety and effectiveness were assessed by evaluating patients before and after treatment. No complication ensued. Statistical analysis of visual analog scales for neck pain and headache yielded p values < 0.0001. Analysis of fibromyalgia neck and shoulder trigger points with three controls gave nonsignificant results. Conclusions were that 1) the device is safe and effective as judged by subjective patient input and 2) fibromyalgia trigger points are unaffected by the treatments. More objective measures are needed to provide evidence of efficacy.
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PMID:Simultaneous multiple-modality therapy for tension headaches and neck pain. 918 Dec 45

Bacillary angiomatosis (BA) is an infectious disease characterized by proliferative vascular lesions; it mainly affects HIV-positive patients. Multiple cutaneous nodular lesions together with fever, chills, malaise, anorexia, vomiting and headache are the most important clinical manifestations. It may also involve the heart, liver, spleen, bones, lung, muscles, lymph nodes, central nervous system and other organs. Erythromycin, 500 mg four times a day, is the drug of choice. The importance of this lesion lies in its clinical and histological similarity with other diseases. Cutaneous and oral lesions of BA clinically resemble Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Histopathologically, BA may be confused with angiosarcoma, pyogenic granuloma and epithelioid hemangioma. We report two HIV-positive men with BA lesions in the oral mucosa. Diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy and Warthin-Starry silver staining.
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PMID:Bacillary angiomatosis affecting the oral cavity. Report of two cases and review. 1071 5

Neurogenic inflammation of the dura mater encephali has been suggested to play an important role in the pathophysiology of headaches. Although functional studies using extravasation techniques indicate an enhanced permeability of blood vessels after chemical or electrical stimulation of C-fibres supplying the dura mater, histological demonstration of leaky blood vessels is still a problem. We used the vascular labelling method combined with i.v. injection of colloidal silver solution to test the permeability increasing effect of intravenous administration of substance P, topical application of mustard oil or acidic phosphate buffer and local electrical stimulation of the exposed dura mater. Histological characteristics of increased vascular permeability were observed exclusively after mustard oil and acidic phosphate buffer. This observation may indicate different mechanisms of increased vascular permeability involving pinocytosis and formation of interendothelial gaps selectively visualized by the vascular labelling method.
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PMID:Histological demonstration of increased vascular permeability in the dura mater of the rat. 1130 98

Trigeminal neurogenic inflammation is one explanation for the development of vascular migraine. The triggers for this inflammation and pain are not well understood, but are probably vasoactive components acting on the blood vessel wall. Migraine-related inner ear symptoms like phonophobia, tinnitus, fluctuation in hearing perception and increased noise sensitivity provide indirect evidence that cochlear blood vessels are also affected by basilar artery migraine. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if a functional connection exists between the cochlea and the basilar artery. Neuronally mediated permeability changes in the cochlea and basilar artery were measured by colloidal silver and Evans Blue extravasation, following orthodromic and antidromic stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion innervating the cochlea. Capsaicin and electrical stimulation induced both dose- and time-dependent plasma extravasation of colloidal silver and Evans Blue from the basilar artery and anterior inferior cerebellar artery. Both orthodromic and antidromic activation of trigeminal sensory fibers also induced cochlear vascular permeability changes and significant quantitative differences between the treated and control groups in spectrophotometric assays. These results characterize a vasoactive connection between the cochlea and vertebro-basilar system through the trigeminal sensory neurons. We propose that vertigo, tinnitus and hearing deficits associated with basilar migraine could arise by excitation of the trigeminal nerve fibers in the cochlea, resulting in local plasma extravasation. In addition, cochlear "dysfunction" may also trigger basilar and cluster headache by afferent input to the trigeminal system.
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PMID:Capsaicin stimulation of the cochlea and electric stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion mediate vascular permeability in cochlear and vertebro-basilar arteries: a potential cause of inner ear dysfunction in headache. 1131


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