Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Ketorolac IM was compared to DHE and metoclopramide IV in migraine patients whose regular abortive medication had failed and who presented to a headache clinic for acute treatment. Pain scale ratings and ratings of ability to function were recorded before and after injection. Ketorolac provided moderate relief in headache in six of nine patients compared to eight of nine given DHE and metoclopramide. The average improvement in patients receiving DHE and metoclopramide was greater in pain (p = .031) and disability scores (p = .057), than in those patients given ketorolac.
Headache 1991 Sep
PMID:Ketorolac versus DHE and metoclopramide in the treatment of migraine headaches. 196 56

This study investigated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of a topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in human thermal injury. Twelve healthy unmedicated volunteers had identical burn injuries produced on the medial side of both calves with a 49 degrees C 15 x 25 mm thermode. Ketorolac gel or placebo were randomly applied on the right or left calf 1.5 h before burn injury, immediately after burn injury and 6 and 12 h later in a double-blind trial where every subject served as his own control. Heat pain detection thresholds (HPDT), head pain tolerance (HPT), mechanical pain detection thresholds (MPDT) and the intensity of burn-induced erythema (erythema index, EI) were assessed in the area of the thermal injury, and areas of hyperalgesia to pin prick were determined outside the injury before and 3, 6 and 24 h after the burn injury. Burn injury led to a decrease in HPDT, HPT and MPDT, an increase in EI and development of mechanical hyperalgesia (P < 0.05). Ketorolac gel had no effect on any of the nociceptive or inflammatory variables studies (P > 0.2).
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PMID:Topical ketorolac has no antinociceptive or anti-inflammatory effect in thermal injury. 788 Apr 9

The objective of this study was to determine the speed and efficiency of ketorolac in reducing the symptoms of migraine headache. Twenty-three patients who presented in the emergency department during the period between April and July 1992 with a previous diagnosis of migraine headache were considered for the study. Patients subjectively evaluated parameters of their migraine headaches (eg, pain and nausea) with a numerical scale and were asked to re-evaluate these same parameters at 30, 60, and 360 minutes after a single injection of Ketorolac. Seventeen (74%) patients reported a decrease in headache symptoms that was significant (P < .005) after 1 hour. Relief lasted at least 6 hours after injection.
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PMID:Ketorolac as a rapid and effective treatment of migraine headache: evaluations by patients. 824 May 54

Intramuscular ketorolac 60 mg, meperidine 50 mg plus promethazine 25 mg, and normal saline were compared in acute exacerbations of tension-type headache. Forty-one subjects (30 females and 11 males) were randomized into three groups and evaluated by the McGill Short-Form Pain Questionnaire before treatment, and 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 hours after treatment. All three groups showed a significant treatment effect that persisted for the 6 hours of evaluation. Ketorolac treatment was significantly better than placebo at 0.5 and 1 hour by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Pain Rating Index, and better than meperidine at 2 hours (by the VAS). Meperidine and placebo did not differ at any time point. Ketorolac is effective in short-term treatment of tension-type headache.
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PMID:Controlled trial of ketorolac in tension-type headache. 948 82

Spinal prostaglandin synthesis has been implicated in acute pain processes and in generation and maintenance of central sensitization, and intrathecal injection of cyclo-oxygenase (COX) inhibitors produce antinociception and reduce hypersensitivity in animals. We herein report a Phase I safety assessment of intrathecal injection of the COX inhibitor, ketorolac, in healthy volunteers, and demonstrate no serious side effects. Preclinical studies suggest a major site of action of COX inhibitors for analgesia lies in the central nervous system, especially the spinal cord. For example, COX isoenzymes are expressed in the spinal cord, acute noxious stimuli and inflammation increase spinal prostaglandin production, and spinally administered prostaglandins excite dorsal horn projection neurons, induce release of excitatory neurotransmitters, and cause nociceptive behavior. Intrathecal injection of COX inhibitors increases thermal and mechanical withdrawal threshold in animals with inflammation or nerve injury at doses several 100-fold less than those required systemically. Following pre-clinical neurotoxicity screening and regulatory agency approval, we examined the safety of intrathecal injection of a preservative-free formulation of the COX inhibitor, ketorolac. In an open label, dose-escalating design, 20 healthy volunteers received intrathecal ketorolac, 0.25, 0.5, 1, or 2mg (n=5 per group). Ketorolac did not alter blood pressure, although there was small (10-12%), dose-independent reduction in heart rate for the first hour after injection when data from all subjects were pooled. Ketorolac did not affect sensory or motor function or deep tendon reflexes, and there were no subjective sensations, neurologic or otherwise, reported by the volunteers. Ketorolac did not reduce pain report to heat stimuli applied to the lateral calf. One subject had a mild headache 24h after study, resolving the next day. There were no long-term side effects 6 months after study. These data suggest that intrathecal ketorolac does not produce a high incidence of serious adverse events, and they support further investigation for analgesia.
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PMID:Phase I safety assessment of intrathecal ketorolac. 1240 36

Surgical stress causes changes in the composition of white blood cells (WBCs). Ketorolac is believed to have analgesic effects and to reduce the stress response and may therefore improve postoperative outcomes. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of preoperative ketorolac on the WBC subsets in patients who had laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis. Fifty patients who had laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis were randomly assigned to one of two groups: the ketorolac group (n = 25) received ketorolac 0.5 mg/kg before the induction of anesthesia, and the control group (n = 25) received saline. White cell count, differential, and pathology studies were done immediately after surgery, on postoperative day 1, and on postoperative day 3. We compared the baseline values within and between the two groups. We also assessed postoperative pain and side effects. The time that elapsed before the first patient request for analgesia, total meperidine dose and VAS (Visual Analog Scale) for postoperative pain were significantly lower in the ketorolac group than in the control group. Compared to the pre- surgical values, there was an increase in total WBC count and percentage of neutrophils, but a decrease in percentages of lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and leucocytes. Total WBC count, neutrophils, monocytes, eosinophils and leucocytes showed significant differences between the two groups. The incidences of postoperative side effects, such as nausea, dizziness, headache, and shoulder pain were not different between the groups. Preoperative ketorolac reduced postoperative pain and influenced the WBC response in laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis.
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PMID:The effect of preoperative ketorolac on WBC response and pain in laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis. 1638 58