Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 52-year-old man was admitted to a local hospital with headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, photophobia, and confusion after a sudden fall. Progressive changes in neurologic function were noted despite neurosurgical intervention and broad-spectrum antimicrobial coverage. Cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) culture identified Acinetobacter baumannii that was resistant to traditionally recommended therapies of amikacin and imipenem-cilastatin. The organism demonstrated minimum inhibitory concentrations of greater than 32 microg/ml and 8 microg/ml, respectively, for these two agents. Ampicillin 2 g-sulbactam 1 g every 3 hours was administered based on history of therapeutic failure of traditional dosing in our thermal injury population. Repeat CSF cultures after 12 days of ampicillin-sulbactam therapy were negative. After 35 days, the patient's A. baumannii infection was completely resolved. The patient experienced no adverse drug events or toxicity with this high-dosage regimen.
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PMID:Nontraditional dosing of ampicillin-sulbactam for multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii meningitis. 1193 89

Meningitis is an important differential diagnosis in patients with fever, headache, and/or altered consciousness in the emergency department (ED). With human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection becoming increasingly common, patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) need to be recognised promptly to facilitate the choice of appropriate antibiotic therapy for potential opportunistic infections. Physicians should be able to recognise a patient with undiagnosed AIDS who presents to the ED and perform further confirmational tests without violating the rights of the patient. Additional tests focusing on discovering potential opportunistic pathogens should be performed. Ampicillin should be added to the empirical regimen for the coverage of Listeria meningocerebritis, which should be considered in all potentially immunocompromised hosts with suggestive clinical presentations. Failure to recognise patients with AIDS and provide antibiotics active against L monocytogenes in such hosts may lead to a catastrophic outcome.
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PMID:Listerial meningitis in a patient with undiagnosed acquired immunodeficiency syndrome: ampicillin should be added to the empirical antibiotic coverage. 1692 Oct 71

The vasomotor effects of ergotamine and dihydroergotamine (DHE) on the middle cerebral artery (MCA) of rats were studied using the pressurised arteriography method and in vitro myographs. MCAs from Sprague-Dawley rats were mounted on two glass micropipettes using the arteriograph, pressurised to 85 mmHg and luminally perfused. All vessels used attained spontaneous contractile tone (34.9+/-1.8% of resting tone) and responded to luminal adenosine triphosphate (ATP) with dilatation (24.1+/-4.0%), which showed functioning endothelium. Luminally added ergotamine or DHE induced maximal contractions of 16.8+8% and 22.4+/-0.9%, respectively, compared to the resting diameter, with a pEC(50) of 8.7+/-0.1 for ergotamine and 9.0+/-0.1 for DHE. Abluminal application of ergotamine and DHE also caused concentration-dependent contractions of the perfused MCA by 21.4+/-2.1% and 23.1+/-7.0%, respectively, with pEC(50) values of 7.6+/-0.2 for ergotamine and 8.4+/-0.5 for DHE. The responses were blocked by the 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonist ketanserin (concentration 10(-12) to 10(-5) M) and partially with the 5-HT(1B) receptor antagonist BRL-11557PM-B. The 5-HT(1D) receptor antagonist SB-224289-A had no significant effect. Using a myograph technique, isolated ring segments of the MCA with intact endothelium were mounted on two metal wires. Neither agonist caused relaxation of resting vessels, however, they both responded by weak contractile responses (26+/-3% of submaximal contractile capacity relative to 60 mM potassium). The contractions were typically slow in on and off set (about 30-60 min). The long duration of ergots should be investigated further in an attempt to design drugs with less recurrence.
J Headache Pain 2007 Apr
PMID:Contractile responses to ergotamine and dihydroergotamine in the perfused middle cerebral artery of rat. 1749 62

Multiple myeloma is a hematolymphoid malignancy, and patients with this disorder are frequently complicated by infection. An 80-year-old woman with multiple myeloma was complicated by bacterial meningitis, and was admitted to our hospital in August 2007. She initially received ceftriaxone, but culture of cerebrospinal fluid detected Listeria monocytogenes. Ampicillin was administered, but headache and pyrexia persisted for 2 weeks, and on cerebrospinal fluid examination, the proliferation of polymorphonuclear leukocytes had not resolved. After medication with meropenem was started, the clinical symptoms completely disappeared, and the abnormalities on cerebrospinal fluid examination resolved. The patient ultimately received meropenem for 27 days, resulting in a cure. In conclusion, meropenem is useful to treat bacterial meningitis caused by L. monocytogenes. This agent is indicated when ampicillin shows inadequate effect or if the patient has an allergy to ampicillin.
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PMID:Antibiotic treatment for bacterial meningitis caused by Listeria monocytogenes in a patient with multiple myeloma. 2011 40


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