Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Headache is the cardinal symptom in many chronic intoxication syndromes. Here we find a distinct increase in connection with noxas stemming from our civilization: In regions of industrial agglomeration there is an increase in CO concentration and in lead poisoning from exhaust gases. Engine detergents cause typical intoxication syndromes. Insecticides have caused mercurialism and DDT-poisoning as a result of chemical concentration in maritime animals. Similarly, chronic poisoning by the insecticide E 605 can have headache as a cardinal symptom. In addition, the increased use of pharmaceutical agents leads to more possibilities of chronic intoxication,
 ...
PMID:[The exogenous toxicologic aspects of headache: (author's transl)]. 40 44

Patients attending two primary care settings in Nepal (a village health post and a district hospital outpatient department) were screened for psychiatric morbidity using the Self Reporting Questionnaire. Approximately one-quarter of all patients screened were found to have psychiatric morbidity. Women presenting were found to have higher frequency of "psychiatric caseness" than men. All these psychiatric patients presented with physical complaints, none with psychological, and the most common physical symptoms presented were abdominal pain, headache and cough. Health worker recognition of these cases was 29% in the health post and 0% in the hospital. Conclusions are drawn regarding the need for sufficient and relevant psychiatric teaching in health worker curriculae.
Asia Pac J Public Health 1989
PMID:Mental health patients in primary health care services in Nepal. 262 24

Hearing loss induced in thirty female workers because of exposure to continuous noise was studied in a plastic bag plant in Samutprakarn Province, the largest industrial zone in Thailand. The sound level in this plant was 98.5 dBA., 94.0 dBA. and 93.0 dBA. in the weaving, winding and warping sections, respectively. Results of an audiometric test showed a significant relationship between high noise level and hearing loss at frequency 4,000 Hz. A questionnaire survey found that a relatively high number of workers had various symptoms such as: 76.7% general fatigue, 70% headache, 63.3% ear distension and 56.7% vertigo. Concerning the usage of ear protective devices, it was found that 80% of the workers have never used such devices, 16.7% occasionally used them, and 3.3% have always used cotton wool to reduce the high noise level. Their reasons for non-use of ear protective devices were 1) not provided by the employer (86.7%), 2) not necessary (83.3%), 3) accustomed to the noise (63.3%), 4) nobody uses (56.7%), and 5) no loud noise (16.7%). These results point to the need for improving the work conditions and welfare services of the workers at this plant. Also, hearing conservation programmes can be instituted in developing countries through cooperation among the safety inspectorate, the employer and the workers.
Asia Pac J Public Health 1989
PMID:The need for a participatory conservation programme for the reduction of noise exposure to Thai female workers. 263 11

The first case of AIDS positively identified in a non-foreigner in Taiwan was a 25-year-old unmarried male who had practiced homosexuality for ten years. The patient began to have abdominal pain accompanied with loose stools and weight loss in June 1985, followed by fever, cough, headache, dizziness, and loss of memory. Facial hyperpigmentation and extensive oroesophageal candidiasis were noted. Laboratory studies showed severe lymphopenia with a reversed T-helper to T-suppressor ratio, cutaneous anergy and polyclonal gammopathy. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibodies were positive by ELISA and Western blot, and the virus was isolated from the blood. At autopsy, disseminated cytomegalovirus infection, extensive CNS toxoplasmosis and early lesions of Kaposi's sarcoma were demonstrated. The detection of HIV in the adrenal medulla supports the consensus that the virus is neurotropic.
Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 1987 Jun
PMID:An autopsy-proved case of AIDS in Taiwan. 330 20

15 patients aged between 24 and 66 years with 10 different malignant tumor diseases were treated with a recombinant human tumor necrosis factor preparation PAC-4D in a phase-I trial. The starting dose was 10(5) U PAC-4D as an intravenous short infusion. The maximally tolerable dose is around 18 X 10(5) U/m2. As the main clinical side effects were observed: fever, chills, hypertension with subsequent hypotension, lethargy, transient somnolence, headache, neurological deficiency symptoms, nausea and vomiting. Important laboratory-chemical parameters were the increase in transaminases and, in higher dose levels, leukocytosis with the left shift and lymphopenia in the differential blood picture. As dose-limiting toxicity are estimated hypotension, and neurological side effects and hepatotoxicity. In one female patient who received 27 X 10(5) U PAC-4D there appeared pronounced, histologically verified necroses in the metastases of a malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
 ...
PMID:Human pharmacological investigation of a human recombinant tumor necrosis factor preparation (PAC-4D) a phase-I trial. 337 52

A case of 38 year old man who worked with organochlorinated and Parathion during 5 years is reported. His follow-up was up to 2 years. The onset of the disease was characterized by cholinergic signs, headache, loss of weight, trembling, miokimias, fasciculations, ataxia, myotonic phenomena (in hands only) and motor sensitive peripheral polyneuropathy (affecting the lower limbs symmetrically). Low concentrations of blood cholinesterases confirmed the etiology. Myotonic phenomena disappeared spontaneously 6 months after the initial observation. One year later, the concentration of erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase was found to be low and plasma cholinesterase was normal, suggesting that the patient was carrier of a congenital deficiency of acetylcholinesterase. In literature relationship between myotonia and intoxication due to organophosphorus was not found. The whole clinical picture, cholinergic symptoms, transitory phenomena and spontaneous motor activity could be explained by an excess of acetylcholine. Electromyography (EMG) in the first observation showed neuromuscular transmission blocking characterized by deficiency or absence of voluntary activity, unexcitability of fibular nerves, with fibrillations and positive peaks as described previously with Mipafox (another organophosphorus agent). During 2 years of observation numerous end-plates potentials of muscular fibres persisted in the EMG. A progressive increase in voluntary activity showed by unit motor potential of almost normal amplitude and very increased duration was observed. No potentials of reinnervation were noted. The results of EMG were explained as disturbances of neuromuscular transmission associated with moderate signs of denervation. The Eaton-Lambert's test and the stimulation of a single unit motor potential confirmed disorder of neuromuscular synapses. The histochemistry of brachial biceps showed scattered atrophic and angulated type I and II fibres. Teased-fibres preparations showed nerve fibres with B, C, and G alterations as defined by Dyck et al. indicating axonal degeneration. These results were according to velocity of sensitive conduction. The conduction velocity of fibular nerves was strongly delayed during all the evolution indicating serious disorders of motor nerves myelin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[Polyneuropathy caused by parathion: clinical, electrophysiologic and histologic studies of a case]. 665 78

The occurring frequency of 14 most common chemotherapy and anti-nausea drug side-effects was examined. The studies were performed on 29 women with ovarian cancer treated by total number of 125 chemotherapy courses (schedule PAC and Acy) and additionally, in order to eliminate nausea caused by the chemotherapy, by anti-nausea drugs (Zofran, Solu-Medrol, Droperidol, Metoclopramide + Fenactil, Torecan). Zofran caused the fewest number of side-effects, solu-medrol inhibited nausea and vomiting significantly, however it caused many side-effects such as flush on a face, restlessness, incitement and headaches. Torecan did not prevent patients from vomiting. The greatest number of side-effects was observed after droperidol and metoclopramide + fenactil treatment.
 ...
PMID:[Side effects of drug treatment for ovarian cancer after administration of antiemetic drugs]. 814 54

To evaluate the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic characteristics of SKP-450, a novel K+ channel opener, a single blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, dose-rising, parallel-group study was conducted in 28 healthy volunteers. The volunteers were randomly allocated to dosage groups of 50 micrograms, 100 micrograms, 200 micrograms, and 300 micrograms. Single doses of SKP-450 were administered orally, after overnight fasting, and serial blood sampling and pharmacodynamic measurements were performed up to 48 hours after the drug was administered. The 200 micrograms group was further studied for food interactions in a crossover fashion. Drug concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC. Hemodynamic changes after drug administration were evaluated by serial measurements of blood pressure (BP), pulse rate (PR), cardiac index (CI), and total peripheral resistance (TPR), using computerized impedance cardiography. Changes in plasma renin activity (PRA) and aldosterone concentrations (PAC) were determined 4 and 24 hours after drug administration. Both SKP-450 and SKP-818, an active metabolite, showed linear pharmacokinetic characteristics, and food intake did not significantly affect the pharmacokinetic characteristics of either compound. Dose-related pharmacological effects were obvious for both the 200 micrograms and 300 micrograms groups. Hemodynamic parameters related to vasodilation and reflex tachycardia, such as maximum changes in diastolic BP, PR, CI, and TPR, showed significant dose-dependent changes. The area under the time-effect curve (AUEC) of the parameters also showed a similar dose-dependent pattern. The PRA and PAC exhibited significant changes 4 hours after drug administration in the 300 micrograms group. Adverse effects, such as headaches, were more frequently observed at the higher dose levels. SKP-450 was generally well tolerated by these normotensive subjects. The antihypertensive efficacy of SKP-450 needs to be evaluated in hypertensive patients after multiple dosing.
 ...
PMID:Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic evaluation of a novel potassium channel opener, SKP-450, in healthy volunteers. 1088 17

Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a parasite that causes eosinophilic meningitis and has been reported to be present on most Pacific islands. Rats are the principal host and several species of land snails the intermediate host. Important paratenic hosts are fresh water shrimp and fish. Modes of transmission include ingestion by man of raw fish, snails and fresh leafy vegetables contaminated by snail slime trails containing larvae. The parasitic worms are neurotropic in man, and the diagnosis should be considered in any adult or child, who presents, in endemic areas or areas with suitable intermediate hosts, with severe unrelenting headache, paresthesias, or a cranial nerve palsy. Eosinophils in the cerebral spinal fluid suggest the diagnosis. Simple analgesia is sufficient for mild cases. Treatment of those with severe symptoms remains controversial. Glucocorticoids, lumbar puncture to reduce intercranial pressure and antihelminthic agents have been used.
Pac Health Dialog 2001 Mar
PMID:Human infections with Angiostrongylus cantonensis. 1201 20

How does a Pacific country deal with someone who is HIV positive? What support can be expected from society and family if one is infected by HIV? How does the rhetoric of being a family-oriented and caring society fit with the realities of what happens to HIV positive people? This presentation talks about the experience of an HIV positive woman. Peati Maiava is from Samoa. She was married in June 1992 and subsequently had two sons. Her youngest son, Fiti, died after much suffering of an undiagnosed disease in January 1996. Her husband died, after being diagnosed with AIDS in April 1996. Before he died, he pleaded for forgiveness for the chaos he had brought to the family. Looking back, Peati strongly suspects that Fiti also died from an AIDS-related condition--although there was no medical confirmation at the time. Before he died, Peati's husband was plagued with influenza, diarrhea, fevers, boils on his face, throat, and body, immense pain and headaches, violent temper, and incredible loss of body weight. This man was once one of MANU Samoa's best flankers (footballers) ever. He died a skeleton in the wake of AIDS. In the aftermath of the two untimely deaths in the family, living with her only remaining son Natal was unbearable; Peati knew she was HIV-positive and that it was only a matter of time before she would face a similar death. Her life became intolerable--after the death of her husband she was forced from her employment when her employer learned of her positive status. Some of her so-called friends and relatives also turned their back on her. With no employment and HIV-positive status she considered suicide. But her love of God and the love of her son she could not forsake. Peati did forgive her husband before he died but the scars and bitter memories are hard to overcome at times. Peati thanked the conference for the sponsorship, which allowed her to attend the conference. The moral and financial support offered to by her friends, and to Andrew Peteru who was instrumental in helping her to participate in the conference.
Pac AIDS Alert Bull 2000
PMID:Samoa: the realities of living with HIV in Samoa. 1229 67


1 2 3 4 Next >>