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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fluctuation of estrogen levels across the menstrual cycle influences migraine headache. In this study, 53 women documented prospectively the incidence and severity of headache daily for an average of three menstrual cycles. Seven of the women met the criteria established by the International Headache Society for migraine with or without aura, while the remaining 46 women failed to do so. Chi-square analysis revealed that, overall, the incidence of non-migraine headache was dependent on day of the cycle (chi 2 [1,66] = 247.7, p < 0.001), with more headaches occurring during the perimenstrual phase. The 46 women without migraine were further classified according to NIMH criteria into PMS (n = 26) and non-PMS groups (n = 20). An association between headache and menstrual cycle phase was noted for both groups (p < 0.001), although the incidence of severe headache was greater for the PMS women, during both the perimenstrual and intermenstrual phases. Both groups experienced an increase in severe headaches during the perimenstrual phase. The PMS women peaked on the day prior to menstruation, while the non-PMS women peaked on the first day of menstruation. There did not appear to be an overall difference in the reporting of mild headache across the cycle between women with or without PMS.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Cephalalgia 1992 Dec
PMID:Non-migraine headache across the menstrual cycle in women with and without premenstrual syndrome. 147 37

The diagnosis of PMS depends on the identification of a core symptom complex, including behavioral symptoms of either irritability, accompanied by an internal state of anxiety or depression, and fatigue. (Fatigue is the most common symptom of PMS.) At least one core physical symptoms, bloating of the abdomen or extremities, breast tenderness, and headache also is required to establish the diagnosis. Although these core symptoms are required, none is pathognomonic for the disorder and the timing of the symptoms with respect to the menstrual cycle also must be established. This can only be done accurately using valid and reliable prospective recording instruments, such as COPE. Personality factors, the degree of psychosocial stress faced by the woman, and biochemical markers have little utility in establishing the diagnosis. The literature with respect to the prevalence of PMS in the population, effective treatments for the disorder, and the diagnosis of the disease must be interpreted by recognizing the inclusion in these studies of women with comorbid psychiatric disease, invalid and unreliable symptom inventories, and inadequate characterization of menstrual cycle phases. There are sociologic reasons why the true prevalence and treatment response to interventions may not be seen by the clinician. Nonetheless, the availability of effective treatment for the disorder necessitates accurate diagnosis of the syndrome based on the strict criteria presented. Additional research founded on the development of psychoneuroendocrine models is likely to provide insight into both the pathophysiology and treatment alternatives for PMS.
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PMID:Issues in the diagnosis and research of premenstrual syndrome. 152 87

Many conditions in clinical neurology may be responsive to pyridoxine as a therapeutic agent. The current difficulty is in trying to isolate the conditions that are most likely to respond. Treating seizures is a major part of a neurologic practice. Our current therapeutic agents are only partially successful and limited by multiple side effects. One problem is that patients often have to take these agents for an entire lifetime, further raising the risk of toxicity. If pyridoxine supplementation can improve the efficacy of currently used medications, it will be gladly accepted into our therapeutic arsenal. Headache, chronic pain, and depression all appear to run together in many of our patients. The observations that serotonin deficiency is a common thread between them and that pyridoxine can raise serotonin levels open a wide range of therapeutic options. Small studies have been carried out with mixed success. Comparison with amitriptyline in the treatment of headache appears to show about equal efficacy, although side effects would be expected to be more of a problem with the amitriptyline. Behavioral disorders are relatively common and continue to be a major problem, disrupting the lives of the patients and their families. Current treatments are not acceptable to most people because of the risk of side effects with long-term usage. If, as Dr. Feingold suggests, many of these problems are caused by "toxic" exposures to chemicals that are pyridoxine antagonists, supplementation at early ages may reduce the incidence of hyperactivity and aggressive behavior. This raises the question of safety. Is pyridoxine safe for long-term use in large segments of the population, including children? The studies on children with Down's syndrome and autism, utilizing much higher doses than are used for other therapeutic purposes, seem to indicate relative safety if carefully monitored. Studies involving large population groups with carpal tunnel syndrome, all adults, using 100-150 mg/day have shown minimal or no toxicity in five- to 10-year studies. Women self-medicating for PMS taking 500 to 5000 mg/day have shown peripheral neuropathy within one to three years. It would appear from this retrospective analysis that pyridoxine is safe at doses of 100 mg/day or less in adults. In children there is not enough data to make any sort of suggestion. Because the major neurologic complication is a peripheral neuropathy and the causes of this condition are myriad, pyridoxine may cause neuropathy only in patients with a pre-existing susceptibility to this condition.
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PMID:Vitamin B6 in clinical neurology. 216 44

PMS is probably a group of entities which include various symptoms that occur during the 7 to 10 days before menstruation and disappear a few hours after the onset of menstruation. The definition of PMS lacks objective criteria. The most common symptoms are irritability, bloating, aggressiveness, mastodynia, and headaches. The prevalence of PMS is estimated at 30 to 40 per cent. PMS is more prevalent among women working outside the home, alcoholics, women of high parity, and women with toxemic tendency; it probably runs in families. The etiology of PMS is no less obscure to us than when it was first described by Frank in 1931. No single theory has been established to explain the entire diversity of PMS symptomatology. The multitude of possible etiologic factors includes psychosocial bases, progesterone deficiency, prolactin excess, thyroid hypofunction, renin angiotensin alternations, antidiuretic hormone excess, decreased colloidosmotic pressure, endorphin activity alternations, serotonin metabolism alternations, prostaglandin action, vitamin deficiency, and such unconventional theories as the ovarian infection or the "yeast overgrowth" theory. A partial resolution of this divergence of hypotheses comes from the biopsychosocial model developed by Keye and Trunnel. According to this model, a biologic, perhaps genetically determined, predisposition to PMS is realized when past and present life experiences, attitudes, beliefs, coping styles, and social forces interact to stress a woman. The diagnosis of PMS is based on establishing a relationship between the luteal phase of the cycle and the symptoms. The evaluation of PMS patients includes the use of a monthly diary to scale the symptoms, a physical examination, and biochemical studies to rule out other disorders. Management includes education, reassurance, and drug therapy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The premenstrual syndrome. 218 58

PMS is a constellation of symptoms, both somatic (breast tenderness, bloating, headache) and psychologic-behavioral (irritability, hostility, depression) that recur prior to the menses in about 5% to 20% of all menstruating women. Such women should be evaluated with a thorough history and physical examination, and if the diagnosis is firmly established by observing a temporal relationship of the symptoms with the premenstruum, therapy should be initiated. When treating PMS, reassurance should always be offered to the patient along with counseling regarding life-style and dietary changes. Symptomatic relief may be provided with any number of medications, including diuretics, NSAIDs, and possibly progesterone. Oral contraceptive therapy may also be helpful. Although patience is certainly required in order to deal with this often frustrating problem, it should be remembered that patient satisfaction is commonly within reach.
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PMID:Premenstrual syndrome. 404

The etiology of PMS has not yet been defined, although there are several theories among which it is reported that there is an increase in prolactine levels involved in it. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a dopamine receptor agonist (lisuride maleate), in the treatment of PMS. 35 patients between 19 and 35 years old were recruited in a prospective study design, with diagnosis of PMS and no other gynecological disorder ruled out clinical and ultrasonographic examination, women with no previous treatment and with no use of hormonal agents, these patients were treated for three months with lisuride maleate, 0.3 mg-day in a three dosage scheme per day, the following symptoms were evaluated: headaches, mastalgia, bloating, edema of lower extremities and myalgia in legs, as well as hormonal parameters before and after treatment with estrogens, progesterone, prolactine, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and testosterone, which were prescribed in the luteal phase (day 21). Results obtained were: reduction of all symptoms scores versus pretreatment: Headache from 85.7 to 20%, mastalgia from 91.4 to 25%, bloating from 74.2 to 40%, edema in lower extremities from 85.7 to 30%, myalgia in legs, from 61 to 34%. The hormonal profile only showed changes in FSH, since the basal pretreatment level was found in 18.6 and the post-treatment value was 13.86, progesterone from 2.7 to 4.6 and prolactine from 7.74 to 6.82. We conclude the lisuride maleate is a good option to the PMS treatment, since a significative reduction of symptoms are induced and it is well tolerated.
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PMID:[Treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome (PMS) with lisuride maleate]. 901 40

The premenstrual syndrome is associated with the appearance of distressing somatic, physiological and behavioural symptoms at a certain phase of the menstrual cycle and has not been sufficiently studies with adolescents. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency, severity and period of appearance of the more important somatic and psychological symptoms characteristic of adolescents with PMS. The study includes 186 girls at an age between 16 and 18 years monitored for the period of one year and four months. The most frequently met somatic symptom is headache (39%), the most frequent psychological one--irritability (46%). Sufficient attention is paid to the influence of the menarche and cigarette smoking in adolescents with PMS.
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PMID:[The premenstrual syndrome in adolescents]. 925 55

Menstruation is a biological phenomenon that has been subject of myths and taboos within and among various cultures. These myths distort the reality surrounding menstruation and create ambivalent feelings about the value and usefulness of this function outside of its necessity as mean of reproduction. Thus studies concerning menstruation need to take into account cultural and psychosocial factors that define the meaning, values and behavior associated with this biological phenomenon. According to several studies, 70% of women experience psychological faintness during this menstrual phase, 40% of them have these symptoms at each menstruation and between 3 to 8% of them suffer severely reacquiring medical support. This entity called premenstrual dysphoric disorder is defined by the presence of several symptoms (distress, tension, irritability, moodiness.) with a significant impairment in work or social functioning beginning during the week before and ending within a few days after the onset of menses. Several studies conducted over the past few years suggested that selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotoninergic tricyclic drugs may be more effective than other types of antidepressants in treating PMS symptoms. Two protocols are proposed; a continuous treatment or intermittent use during few days during pre-menstrual and menstrual phase for several cycles. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the prevalence of a potential premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) during one menstrual cycle, in a representative sample of general population of Casablanca, according the DSM IV criteria. On the other hand, a questionnaire, available from the authors, was used to explore socio-demographic data. Among 618 women interviewed, 310 met the criteria of a potential PMDD (50.2%). The mean age of the population with PMDD was 32.2 8 years ranging from 20 to 50 years; 54.8% of them were married, 33.9% of them were single and 66.5% of them had between 1 to 4 children. Two third of them were without a professional activity. During this premenstrual phase the following symptoms were found among the whole sample: marked depressive mood, feeling of hopelessness, or self-depreciation thoughts (77.7%, n=241%); difficulty of concentration (65%, n=201); marked change in appetite, overeating or specific food craving (82.8%, n=256); marked affective lability, with sadness tearful and increased sensitivity to rejection (65.8%, n=204); hypersomnia or insomnia (59.7%, n=185); subjective sense of being overwhelmed or out of control (55.7%, n=172); lethargy, excessive fatigability (91.6%, n=283); physical symptoms including breast tenderness, swelling, headache, joint or muscular pain, and a sensation of bloating and weight gain (81.9%, n=253). The most severe symptoms were fatigue and irritability. On the other hand, 73.9% of the sample had a disturbance in their socio-professional lives as a consequence to the psychological disturbances. Half of these women consulted a physician, mostly a general practitioner. These data are in accordance with the literature, confirming that this disorder is common and has a bad impact on mental health and on quality of life of the women suffering from PMDD.
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PMID:[Assessment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder symptoms: population of women in Casablanca]. 1250 65

Premenstrual syndrome, or PMS, typically involves physical symptoms like bloating, headache, and breast tenderness, along with psychological and behavioral changes like irritability, depression, and fatigue. Other conditions can mimic PMS, so it's important to rule out look-alikes such as contraceptive side effects, dysmenorrhea, and substance abuse. Moderate exercise and a healthy diet may alleviate symptoms for some patients. Others may require symptom-specific measures, hormonal therapy, psychotropic drugs, or, for recalcitrant cases, ovulation suppression.
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PMID:Premenstrual syndrome: systematic diagnosis and individualized therapy. 2008