Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Azimilide is a potassium channel antagonist that, in contrast to existing class III antiarrhythmic agents, blocks both the rapidly (I(Kr)) and slowly (I(Ks)) activating components of the delayed rectifier potassium current. In animal and clinical studies, azimilide prolonged repolarisation by increasing the action potential duration and effective refractory period. In animal models, azimilide was effective in terminating both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias. Azimilide also demonstrated antifibrillatory efficacy in a canine model of sudden cardiac death. In patients with a history of atrial fibrillation/flutter, oral azimilide controlled arrhythmias more effectively than placebo in a 6-month randomised double-blind study. At a dosage of 125 mg once daily, azimilide significantly increased the time to first symptomatic recurrence of atrial fibrillation/flutter. However, no significant difference between placebo and azimilide was found in another study. Oral azimilide 100 mg once daily demonstrated clinically significant treatment effects in patients with paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. In clinical trials, azimilide was generally well tolerated and headache was the most commonly occurring adverse event. Azimilide is associated with a low incidence of proarrhythmic events, such as torsades de pointes, and few serious adverse events have been reported.
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PMID:Azimilide. 1073 May 50

Azimilide dihydrochloride (or azimilide) is a class III antiarrhythmic drug currently under investigation that has been tested in atrial fibrillation in four randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials to assess efficacy and dose range. These investigational trials showed that doses of azimilide 100 and 125 mg once daily prolonged the time to symptomatic arrhythmia recurrence in patients with a history of symptomatic atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter or both. Doses of 75 mg or less were not useful in this indication. Safety of azimilide has been examined in several different types of studies. In a large randomized clinical trial of post-infarct patients, azimilide neither increased nor decreased mortality risk. In patients with supraventricular arrhythmias, the most common adverse effects reported by patients on azimilide were approximately equal in frequency with those on placebo: headache, asthenia, infection, diarrhea and dizziness. Infrequent cases of torsade de pointes and severe neutropenia were reported in patients taking azimilide. Azimilide is an investigational antiarrhythmic drug that has shown efficacy in patients with atrial fibrillation.
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PMID:Azimilide for atrial fibrillation: clinical trial results and implications. 1473 16

Azimilide is an investigational Class III antiarrhythmic that has been developed for treating both supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Similar to other Class III antiarrhythmics, azimilide prolongs myocardial repolarization in a dose-dependent manner by increasing the action potential duration, QT interval, and effective refractory period. The most frequent reported side effect is headache, with rare serious adverse events of early reversible neutropenia and Torsades de Pointes. In long-term follow up, the patient withdrawal rate has been low. Azimilide has very predictable pharmacokinetics, is predominantly hepatically metabolized, and has no significant drug interactions with digoxin or warfarin. In animal models, azimilide has been shown to be very effective in suppressing both atrial and ventricular tachyarrhythmias, decreasing the defibrillation energy requirement, and preventing post-myocardial infarction ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation. Clinically, in a series of 4 double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, the Azimilide Supraventricular Arrhythmia Program which included over 1000 patients and approximately 70% with structural heart disease, azimilide showed a significant prolongation in the time to first recurrence of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia or atrial fibrillation/flutter. With respect to ventricular tachyarrhythmias, the AzimiLide post-Infarct surVival Evaluation Trial was a large randomized, multinational, prospective, placebo-controlled study in recent survivors of myocardial infarction at high risk for sudden cardiac death. After 1 year of follow-up, this study showed no statistical difference in all-cause mortality between placebo and azimilide. However, azimilide did statistically reduce the incidence of new atrial fibrillation. Further trials are necessary to evaluate the efficacy of azimilide in patients with symptomatic ventricular arrhythmias.
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PMID:Azimilide, a novel oral class III antiarrhythmic for both supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. 1572 Feb 25