Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

(1) For patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B, peginterferon alfa-2a is the standard treatment used to prevent clinical complications and death. Lamivudine and adefovir dipivoxil, both taken orally, are second-line options. They can also be used as first-line treatments in patients with HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B if the adverse effects of prolonged peginterferon therapy are likely to pose a major problem. (2) Entecavir, a nucleoside analogue, is now marketed for oral treatment of chronic hepatitis B in adults. (3) Entecavir has not been compared with adefovir in clinical trials. Its evaluation is based mainly on three 48-week trials versus lamivudine. When given at a dose of 0.5 mg/day to patients who had not yet received antiviral treatment, and at a dose of 1 mg/day to patients in whom lamivudine had failed, entecavir was significantly more effective than lamivudine, in terms of effects on liver histology and viral load. The possible clinical implications of these effects are not known. (4) In these trials, similar types and frequencies of adverse effects occurred with entecavir and lamivudine, mainly consisting of headache (about 20% of patients) and other neurological disorders. Hepatitis rebound occurred in less than 10% of patients during or after both treatments but at slightly different times. (5) Entecavir was carcinogenic in experimental animals. No increase in the frequency of cancer has been seen in clinical trial participants thus far, but follow-up is limited. (6) Given the uncertainties concerning the potential adverse effects of entecavir and the fact that it affects viral load in patients in whom lamivudine fails, entecavir should only be used when lamivudine and adefovir have failed.
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PMID:Entecavir: new drug. Chronic hepatitis B: a last resort. 1792 22

We conducted a study to evaluate the tolerance of the zidovudine (AZT), lamivudine (3TC) and nevirapine (NVP) combination regimen in HIV-1 patients by a descriptive analytical retrospective study of all HIV-1 patients receiving AZT-3TC-NVP combination between 2008 and 2011. Seventy patients were included. Two thirds of the patients presented at least one side effect (44 cases). The digestive disorders (15 cases) and neuropsychiatric (14 cases) were the most frequent. Epigastralgia (20%), headaches (20%) and arthralgias (13%) were main side effects. A maculo-papular exanthema was noted in three cases. During the follow-up, five patients presented with anemia. No patient presented hepatic cytolysis due to NVP. All the patients followed for more than six months presented a side effect against 29.7% when the duration of treatment was equal to or less than 6 months (p=10(-5)). Most of the side effects due to the association AZT/3TC/NVP are minor. The evaluation of the clinical and biological tolerance must be maintained during all the follow-up.
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PMID:[Evaluation of tolerance of zidovudine-lamivudine-nevirapine combination in HIV 1 patients in Fann Teaching Hospital in Dakar]. 2415 Jul 30


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