Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of cystic intracranial metastatic amelanotic melanoma is presented. As far as we know, cyst formation in intracranial melanoma is rare, and only 15 cases of intracranial amelanotic melanoma have been reported until now. A 63-year-old man was admitted with headache and progressive visual disturbance. CT scan revealed a large low-density mass with ring-like enhancement in the left frontal lobe. Both T 1-and T 2-weighted MRI images revealed hyperintensity. A left frontotemporal craniotomy was performed. A yellowish mass was observed in the frontal lobe. The content of the cyst consisted of old hematoma, xanthochromic fluid and necrotic tissue, was evacuated and the cyst wall was totally resected. No abnormal pigmentation was noted in the cyst wall and surrounding brain tissue. The histological examination revealed amelanotic melanoma. Primary lesion was found on the left thigh later and resected. The patient died of further intracranial metastasis with repeated hemorrhage 5 months after the admission. Both CT and MRI findings of our case is atypical as an intracranial malignant melanoma. However, these are compatible with those of intracerebral hemorrhage in subacute stage. It is suggested that melanoma may make the diagnosis difficult when tumor hemorrhage modifies the images of CT or MRI.
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PMID:[A case of cystic metastatic intracranial amelanotic melanoma--analysis of findings in CT and MRI]. 207 46

A family of von Recklinghausen's disease complicated by multiple diverse primary brain tumors was reported. Case 1. The proband, born in 1923, was admitted to the Nagasaki University Hospital on March 11, 1974, for evaluation of headache and hearing loss. Neurological examination disclosed: decreased visual acuity on the right: bilateral choked discs; anisocoria, right pupil wider than left; right blepharoptosis; artificially fixed right eye; right facial palsy; markedly impaired hearing with negative vestibular responses to caloric test; paralysis of the right soft palate and vocal cord; atrophy of the right side of the tongue; right claw hand with positive Froment's sign; left drop foot; loss of deep reflexes on the left arm and legs; positive Babinski on the right. Nerve conduction studies revealed failure to evoke muscle action potential in response to electric nerve stimulation on the left ulnar and right superficial peroneal nerves. Needle electromyography showed no motor unit potentials in the left first dorsal interosseus and right anterior tibial muscles. Sensory nerve action potentials could not be evoked on any nerves tested. X-ray films showed enlargement of the internal auditory passages, falx tumor on brain scan and carotid angiography, and spinal tumor on myelography. At craniotomy, a 7 X 5.5 X 4 cm falx meningioma was removed. At suboccipital craniotomy performed five weeks later, right acoustic neurinoma measuring 1.5 cm in diameter was removed. Case 2. This relative, born in 1945, was the son of the proband. A spinal meningioma at C 7-T 1 was removed in 1957. However, he could not walk after operation and died of pneumonia two years later.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A family of von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis complicated by mononeuritis multiplex, bilateral acoustic neurinomas, and falx and spinal meningiomas]. 392 52

A man aged 64, with a history of chronic trichloroethylene intoxication, presented early headache, impairment of memory, and "stehende Redensarten", later on mental deterioration with muteness and oral tendency. He died of bronchopneumonia. The brain was studied by light and electron microscopy. Numerous inflated cells, intraneuronal argentophil Pick bodies and central chromatolysis of neurons were found throughout the cerebral cortex. Widespread diffuse fibrillary gliosis was the finding bearing a striking resemblance to "progressive subcortical gliosis". Severe loss of nerve cells was observed in the temporal lobe (except the posterior of T 1) and moderate or mild loss in the gyrus rectus, insula, gyrus cinguli, and partial areas of the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes. By electron microscopy, the argentophil Pick bodies consisted of a conglomeration of randomly arranged short 100-150 A filaments, ribosomes, vesicles, mitochondria, and scanty paired helical filaments. The present case was considered to represent a rare case of Pick's disease of the temporo-fronto-parieto-occipital type or panencephalic type.
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PMID:An unusual case of Pick's disease. 683 77

A 51-year-old man suffered from impotence for 10 months. Five months before he developed difficulty in urination and walking because of his both leg weakness. He was admitted to the hospital because of urinary incontinence, paraplegia and occipital headache. Neurologic examination revealed neck stiffness and Lhermitte's sign. The cranial nerves were intact with the exception of choked disc. He had weakness of lower extremities and right arm, and sensory loss on the right side including face. The plantar responses were extensor bilaterally. MR images revealed diffuse swelling in the cervical and thoracic spinal cord on a T 1-weighted image without enhancement by Gd-DTPA and diffuse high intensity of the spinal cord on a T 2-weighted image. MR image of the brain revealed the low intensity in the left temporal and occipital lobe with slightly enhancement by Gd-DTPA, the high intensity in the left temporal and occipital lobe white matter on a T 2-weighted image. Diagnosis of malignant lymphoma (B cell type) was made by brain biopsy. Combined chemotherapy was performed and his symptoms resolved and the lesions on MRI disappeared. The number of cases of primary spinal intramedullary malignant lymphoma was very rare and the majority of the cases had weakness or sensory impairment in the lower extremities in the initial symptoms. This is the first case which had impotence as the initial symptom. In addition, it must be taken into consideration of this disease when the patient has myelopathy with unknown etiology.
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PMID:[A case of primary central nervous system lymphoma with the onset of impotence]. 1039 Oct 76

We report a patient of atypical type of Sturge-Weber syndrome who demonstrated a reversible change by MRI FLAIR method in ictus and postictal state. A 5-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of severe headache, vomiting and loss of consciousness with his eyes conjugated to left for a few minutes. He had no facial nevus and other abnormal findings in physical examination. CT scan showed two small calcifications in the right occipital lobe. Postcontrast T 1-weighted image of MRI demonstrated a right parieto-occipital leptomeningeal enhancement. We diagnosed this case as an atypical type of Sturge-Weber syndrome. Although, on admission, FLAIR method showed the area of high signal intensity, after anticonvulsant therapy, those abnormal area disappeared. It is presumably detected by FLAIR method slight extravasation of plasma element in the surface of the brain due to regional hyperperfusion in ictus.
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PMID:[A case of atypical type of Sturge-Weber syndrome demonstrated reversible change by MRI FLAIR method in ictus and in postictal state]. 1045 52

We describe here a 71-year-old man who had herpes zoster encephalitis. He developed high fever, headache and disturbance of consciousness on 1st, May, 1998. On admission, neurological examination revealed disturbance of consciousness with restlessness and meningeal signs. Brain MRI (T 1 and T 2 weighted images) demonstrated high signal lesions in the left temporal lobe and cerebellar vermis. VSV encephalitis was diagnosed based on CSF pleocytosis, high serum and CSF titers of VZV antibody and EEG abnormality. During hospitalization, Ramsay-Hunt syndrome, herpes zoster generalisatus and acute pancreatitis developed. To our knowledge, the characteristic combination of the clinical signs in this case is very rare. We discussed the pathogenic mechanisms of these conditions, and this case was considered to have VZV encephalitis, and to be associated with right facial nerve palsy and pancreatitis, in spite of the absence of immunological deficiency.
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PMID:[A case of herpes zoster encephalitis with Ramsay-Hunt syndrome, herpes zoster generalisatus and acute pancreatitis]. 1068 90

The aim of this study was to compare antiemetic efficacy of three serotonin antagonists, granisetron, tropisetron and ondansetron, during conditioning for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). Forty-five malignant lymphoma patients (mean age 38 years, M:F 30:15), undergoing the highly emetogenic regimen BEAM prior to ASCT, were randomized to receive IV granisetron (G) 3 mg once a day, IV tropisetron (T) 5 mg once a day, or IV ondansetron (0) 8 mg twice daily, for six days. The treatment groups were comparable with respect to age, sex and previous experience of nausea and/or vomiting. Nausea and/or emesis control failure was defined as a nausea lasting > or = 4 hours and/or > or = 3 episodes of vomiting/24 h, emesis control failure as > or = 3 episodes of vomiting/24 h. Both the period of chemotherapy (6 days) and the whole period of observation (10 days) were evaluated. Nausea and/or emesis control failure occurred in 24% of patients during the period of chemotherapy and in 51% of patients throughout the whole period of observation, while emesis control failed in 2% and 27% of patients, respectively. The efficacy of three serotonin antagonists was comparable during the chemotherapy period (5 patients with nausea and/or emesis control failure in the granisetron group, 2 in the tropisetron group and 4 in the ondansetron group,p = 0.40). When evaluating the whole period of observation, the antiemetic response to G and T was significantly better than to O, nausea and/or emesis control failure having occurred in 7 (47%) patients treated with G, 5 (33%) patients treated with T, and 12 (80%) patients treated with O, p = 0.03. The results concerning emesis control failures were similar, G 4 (27%), T 1 (7%), O 7 (47%), p = 0.04. Headache was the only frequent side effect of serotonin antagonists (30% incidence). All three serotonin antagonists sufficiently controlled nausea and vomiting during high-dose chemotherapy (BEAM) administration in 67-87% of patients. In comparison with ondansetron, both tropisetron and granisetron proved to be more effective after ASCT, when emetogenic factors other than chemotherapy alone participated.
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PMID:Antiemetic efficacy of three serotonin antagonists during high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation in malignant lymphoma. 1113 Feb 51

We report the case of a 24-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The patient presented with cervical erythema and multiple arthralgia in December, 1996. Based on the high level of antinuclear antibody and the positivity for anti-double-stranded-DNA antibody, we diagnosed the patient as having SLE. Her symptoms improved and her condition was maintained following steroid treatment. In August 2000, the patient suddenly had headache, nausea, vertigo, cerebellar ataxia, fixation nystagmus, and intention tremor. She was negative for the anti-phospholipid antibody. The cerebrospinal fluid IgG index and the IL-6 level were high. MRI of the right cerebellar hemisphere showed an equal-signal-intensity region in the T 1-enhanced image, and a high-signal-intensity region with a diffuse undefined border in the T 2-enhanced image. The increased cerebral blood flow at the site corresponding to a cerebellar lesion detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was observed by brain single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The central nervous system (CNS) lupus was confirmed by the presence of a lesion in the cerebellum. The abnormalities detected in MRI and SPECT images of the brain disappeared immediately after the steroid pulse therapy, and symptoms such as ataxic gait were improved. This patient was diagnosed as having acute neuropsychiatric SLE with cerebellar symptoms that are rarely observed as a localized neural sign of SLE. The MRI and SPECT images suggested the presence of an inflammatory edematous lesion that was confined in the cerebellar hemisphere. This is considered to be due to the increase of vasopermeability.
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PMID:[A case with systemic lupus erythematosus presenting with reversible edematous lesion in cerebellum]. 1246 20

A case of astrocytoma with extracranial extension after malignant transformation is presented. The patient was a 58-year-old female who suffered from headache. The initial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a slightly hyperintense tumor on T 2-weighted images in the tip of the left temporal lobe, and no contrast enhancement on gadolinium-enhanced T 1-weighted images(Gd-T 1 WI). On digital subtraction angiography, there was no tumor staining. The initial diagnosis was made as low-grade astrocytoma. However two months later, her symptoms aggravated suddenly. MRI revealed a remarkably growing tumor with ring-like enhancement on Gd-T 1 WI. She underwent a temporal lobectomy, which pathologically demonstrated a glioblastoma. After surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were performed. The tumor invades the skull base and extended into the infratemporal fossa 25 months after surgery.
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PMID:[A case of astrocytoma with extracranial extension after malignant transformation]. 1268 96

Glioblastoma multiforme is recognized rarely in the cerebellum. We describe a peculiar case with lipid accumulation in giant tumor cells, possibly the second example so far reported in this unusual location. A 46-year-old man with a 5-month history of headache, vomiting, dizziness and instability of gait, was found to have on magnetic resonance imaging an expanding mass situated deep in the left cerebellar hemisphere. The lesion was hypointense in T 1- and hyperintense in T2-weighted images, had poorly defined borders, peripheral edema and annular foci of contrast enhancement. Eight months after subtotal removal and radiotherapy, control MRI showed tumor recurrence with aggressive features. The patient was alive 15 months after operation but follow-up was eventually lost. Histologically, the tumor showed marked pleomorphism, with many giant cells characterized by finely vacuolated cytoplasm strongly suggestive of lipid accumulation. There were few, sometimes atypical mitotic figures and foci of endothelial proliferation. The tumor cells were strongly positive for GFAP, vimentin and S100 protein, all of which stressed the foamy appearance of the giant cells. About 15% of nuclei were positive for Ki-67. We considered the case to be a so-called lipidized glioblastoma, first recognized as a subtype by Kepes and Rubinstein [1981]. Differential diagnosis with anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma is discussed.
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PMID:Lipidized giant-cell glioblastoma of cerebellum. 1632 Aug 20


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