Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two double-blind, double-dummy, randomized multicentre studies compared the safety and efficacy of 10-day regimens of cefaclor advanced formulation (cefaclor AF) (375 mg twice daily) with cefaclor (250 mg three times daily) in the treatment of proven group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis. Of the 1,138 patients enrolled, 764 (cefaclor AF:392; cefaclor: 372) were evaluated for efficacy. All patients enrolled in the studies (570 treated with cefaclor AF and 568 treated with cefaclor) were evaluated for safety. Clinical and bacteriological evaluations were performed on treatment days 4-6, and after completion of treatment within 3-5 days and 2-3 weeks. In evaluable patients, the post-therapy clinical success and bacteriological cure rates for cefaclor AF were 96.7% and 93.6%, respectively; the rates were 98.1% and 94.1% for cefaclor. Sixteen cefaclor AF-treated patients and 14 cefaclor-treated patients withdrew early from the trial because of adverse events. There were no significant differences between treatment groups in the overall number of adverse events reported. Diarrhoea was the most frequently reported adverse event (5.6%) in cefaclor AF-treated patients, and headache/migraine was the most frequently reported adverse event (5.6%) in the cefaclor-treated patients. Cefaclor AF (375 mg twice daily) is as effective and safe as cefaclor capsules (250 mg three times daily) in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis.
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PMID:Cefaclor AF in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis. 128 18

The use of cefaclor advanced formulation (cefaclor AF) in the treatment of pneumonia caused by susceptible organisms was investigated in a multi-center trial conducted in the United Kingdom and the United States. A total of 266 patients were enrolled in this double-blind, double-dummy, randomized, parallel study; 132 patients were treated with cefaclor AF and 134 patients received the reference drug cefaclor. Inclusion criteria were a diagnosis of lobar pneumonia or bronchopneumonia, with a positive sputum culture and an infiltrate on chest roentgenogram. Patients received either cefaclor AF (750 mg twice daily) or cefaclor (500 mg three times daily) for 10 to 14 days. Forty patients in the cefaclor AF group and 45 in the cefaclor group were evaluable for efficacy, with 37 (92.5%) and 43 (95.6%), respectively, showing a favorable posttherapy clinical response. Proven or presumed pathogen elimination was achieved in 87.5% and 86.7% of cases, respectively. Both study drugs demonstrated high levels of activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae (including beta-lactamase-producing strains), and Moraxella catarrhalis (including beta-lactamase-producing strains). There were no statistically significant differences between drugs in efficacy results. One or more side effects were reported by 42.4% of the patients treated with cefaclor AF and by 44.0% of those treated with cefaclor; diarrhea, nausea, headache, and respiratory disorders were the most common adverse events. No drug-related side effects were seen with a frequency or severity that would be unexpected with the use of oral cephalosporins. Cefaclor AF and cefaclor performed equally well with respect to clinical and bacteriologic response rates in the treatment of pneumonia.
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PMID:Cefaclor advanced formulation versus cefaclor in the treatment of pneumonia. 152 91