Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of multiple endocrine adenopathy (MEA III) presenting as pheochromocytoma complicated the immediate puerperium. The patient presented with paroxysmal changes in blood pressure and episodic headaches with vertigo. Computed tomography identified a left adrenal mass that was diagnosed preoperatively as pheochromocytoma, with the diagnosis subsequently confirmed on histologic sections. Pheochromocytoma complicating pregnancy is rare, and fewer than 150 cases have been reported on. MEA III presenting as pheochromocytoma and complicating the puerperium is described here for the first time.
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PMID:MEA III presenting as pheochromocytoma and complicating pregnancy and the puerperium. A case report. 286 83

Vasoactive factors produced and released by the endothelium exert a powerful influence on vascular tone in the cerebral circulation. Impaired endothelium-dependent responses, such as decreased production of endothelium-derived relaxing factors, and/or release of endothelium-derived contractile factors may give rise to different pathophysiological conditions. Among the endothelium-derived contractile factors the endothelins have recently received particular attention. Endothelin-1 is the major isoform in the endothelin family, which also includes endothelin-2 and endothelin-3. Endothelin-1 is synthesized within the endothelium of cerebral vessels, whereas both endothelin-1 and endothelin-3 in addition have been identified in neurons and glia. Recent electrophysiological work has suggested a neuromodulatory role for these peptides, but at present the general interest is mainly focused on their vasoactive role. Physiological stimuli such as hypoxia, anoxia, and hemodynamic shear stress will stimulate the endothelial endothelin production. In the brain, at least two types of specific subreceptors have been cloned; ETA receptors, exclusively associated with blood vessels and ETB receptors also found on glial, epithelial, and ependymal cells. The endothelins seem so far to be the most potent vasoconstrictors yet identified. The circulating plasma levels of immunoreactive endothelin are low. Since more than 80% of the total amount released from endothelial cells seems to be secreted towards the underlying smooth muscle, endothelins have been ascribed a local vasoregulatory role. Endothelins are believed to be involved in several of our most common cerebrovascular diseases and the present review comments on their possible pathophysiological role in subarachnoid haemorrhage, cerebral ischemia, and migraine.
Cephalalgia 1994 Aug
PMID:Endothelins: a role in cerebrovascular disease? 795 53

SPP301 is a competitive antagonist of ET-1 with a high selectivity for the ETA receptor. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was performed to investigate the tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of SPP301 after single oral doses in male healthy subjects; doses of 5, 20, 50, 100, and 200 mg were given to different groups of 4 or 8 subjects each. The effect of food on the pharmacokinetics of SPP301 was assessed for the 50-mg dose according to a sequential design in the same subjects. At regular intervals, blood pressure and pulse rate, plasma levels of ET-1 and of SPP301 and its hydroxymethyl metabolite, and urinary excretion of the parent drug and its metabolite were determined. SPP301 was generally well tolerated. At doses >20 mg, adverse events that are typical for vasodilating agents-namely, headache, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, and postural hypotension-were observed. Maximum plasma levels of SPP301 were reached within 4.5 hours. Cmax and AUC values increased linearly with doses up to 100 mg. The apparent terminal half-life was quite constant over the whole dose range and ranged from 7.5 to 15.2 hours. Urinary excretion of SPP301 was below 0.1% of any dose. Cmax and AUC of the metabolite amounted only to about 5% of the values for SPP301. Concomitant food intake had no effect on the overall exposure but increased average peak plasma concentrations of SPP301 by around 50%. Plasma ET-1 increased nearly twofold at the 5-mg SPP301 dose, with no further relevant increase at higher doses. In conclusion, SPP301 is an active ET-1 antagonist and is well tolerated. The pharmacokinetics of the drug and its metabolite are linear up to 100 mg. Food does not affect overall exposure of SPP301 but increases Cmax. Urinary excretion of SPP301 is below 0.1% of the dose administered.
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PMID:Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the ETA-selective endothelin receptor antagonist SPP301 in healthy human subjects. 1468 42

Background Surgical management of headache due to anomalies in the cervical spine is uncommon, as most cases improve with drugs and/or physical therapy. Case We report two instances of a very uncommon congenital upper cervical spine anomaly due to the presence of a pseudoarthrosis between a unilateral paracondylar process in the base of the skull and an epitransverse process arising from the transverse apophysis (PCP/ETA). The first one corresponds to a male on whom an endoscopic guided puncture was performed, and the second to an adult male from the Neolithic period who showed two cranial trepanations together with the presence of morphine metabolites in both bones and dental calculus. Discussion We draw a parallel between the treatment of two individuals separated by a gap of more than 4800 years: contemporary direct vision of the false joint through a small endoscope, which provides an accurate puncture, and ancient double trepanation with clear signs of bone eburnation.
Cephalalgia 2017 Oct
PMID:Surgical treatment for an uncommon headache: A gap of 4800 years. 2752 Sep 91