Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Eighteen cluster headache patients were studied using body heating or exercise tests; all but two of them were also studied with a pilocarpine test (0.1 mg/kg body wt, s.c.). Evaporimeter measurements were made on both sides of the forehead under standard conditions in a thermo room. Heat- and exercise-induced sweating was clearly less pronounced on the symptomatic side than on the non-symptomatic side of the forehead, and was significantly different compared to controls. Pilocarpine on the other hand induced a clearly more pronounced response on the symptomatic side than on the non-symptomatic side, which was also statistically significantly higher than in the control group. These findings suggest a supersensitivity of the sweat glands to pilocarpine on the symptomatic side of the forehead in most cases of cluster headache.
Cephalalgia 1983 Sep
PMID:Cluster headache: on the mechanism behind attack-related sweating. 662 82

Pilocarpine, a parasympathomimetic drug used in the treatment of glaucoma, produces a variety of ocular and systemic adverse reactions. Ocular side effects include miosis, accommodative spasm, frontal headaches, twitching lids, conjunctival injection, cataractous changes, allergic reactions, iris cysts, retinal detachment, increased permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier, anterior chamber narrowing, and the potential for inducing an acute angle-closure attack. Systemic side effects include nausea, vomiting, tenesmus, abdominal spasm, salivation, lacrimation, sweating, pulmonary edema, and bronchial spasm. The systemic side effects can best be minimized initially through proper use of the medication and nasolacrimal occlusion. The Ocusert, a long-acting pilocarpine-incorporated ocular insert, is a recent advance in delivery technique that offers an adequate hypotensive action with fewer side effects. Pilopex is a promising new experimental pilocarpine polymer salt presently being studied in Israel. Photomydriasis, a process involving the use of a laser to enlarge miotic pupils also offers help for these patients. N-demethylated carbachol is a new parasympathomimetic drug currently under study for glaucoma therapy. Initial results show that it may have considerable ocular hypotensive action with fewer adverse effects.
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PMID:Miotics: side effects and ways to avoid them. 707 Jul 79

Hypotensive efficacy and safety of local monotherapy with 0.005% xalathane (once a day) and combined therapy with 0.5% timolol (twice a day) and 2% pilocarpine (3 times a day) are compared in 24 patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. Mean decrease of intraocular pressure was significant in both groups. No side effects of xalathane were recorded. In one case there was a slight reddening of the eye and a sensation of discomfort Pilocarpine therapy was associated with miosis in all patients; half of them complained of obscure vision and headache after instillation. Monotherapy with xalathane is safe sufficiently effective, and comparable to combined therapy with timolol and pilocarpine.
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PMID:[Xalathane: comparative assessment of efficacy and safety in hypotensive therapy of glaucoma]. 977 Oct 81

A 42-year-old man presented with a three-day history of progressive bilateral blurred vision, photophobia and headaches. There was no history of trauma. He was emmetropic with visual acuity of 6/60 (pinhole 6/24) in both eyes, no ptosis and full range of eye movements. His pupils were in fixed mydriasis. The pupils were unreactive to light or accommodation. His optic discs and fundi were normal. Pilocarpine failed to constrict his pupils. Initially, he strongly denied using any topical ocular medications but later remembered that 10 days previously his eyes had felt 'gritty' and his wife had instilled their son's old atropine penalisation drops into both his eyes. His signs and symptoms had resolved over the next two days.
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PMID:A case of accidental mydriasis. 1731 76