Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A female patient who had clinical characteristics of MELAS but with no apparent muscle symptoms was reported. She was in good health until 12 years and 5 months of age when she began to have afebrile generalized tonic-clonic convulsions. Thereafter, she had repeated stroke-like episodes, including headache, vomiting, convulsions, hemiparesis and left ehemianopsia. She had neither muscle weakness, fatigability nor atrophy. Laboratory examinations disclosed elevated lactate and pyruvate levels in the serum and cerebrospinal fluids, transient focal low density areas on brain CT and right sensorineural deafness by audiometry. No ragged-red fibers (RRF) were found in the first biopsy at 13 years and 6 months of age, and two RRF-like fibers containing red granular materials in the subsarcolemnal regions in the second at 15 years and 3 months of age. A biochemical assay on the two biopsied muscles demonstrated normal enzyme activities in the mitochondrial electron transport system. She was diagnosed as having MELAS because of remarkable mitochondrial abnormalities in smooth muscle cells in the intramuscular arterioles which were clearly demonstrated by succinic dehydrogenase (SDH) stain and on electron microscopy. It was suggested that the stroke-like episodes in this patient were induced by a preferential damage to the mitochondria in the blood vessel walls. Thus, we conclude that a simple method of identifying the strongly SDH-reactive blood vessels (SSV) in frozen sections is critical in supporting or making diagnosis of MELAS.
 ...
PMID:[MELAS without ragged-red fibers: a case report]. 176 Feb 9

The authors present three cases of non-traumatic acute subdural hematoma showing interesting clinical features and operative findings. Case 1: A-50-year-old male was admitted because of sudden headache and epileptic seizure. Computed tomographic (CT) scan showed a right thin subdural hematoma, but cerebral angiography demonstrated no pathological findings, that might cause acute subdural hematoma on the follow-up CT scans. The hematoma changed to a chronic one within only 15 days, which was proved by the operation. Case 2: A 52-year-old male was hospitalized because of loss of consciousness. CT scan revealed a right subdural hematoma without subarachnoid hemorrhage and cerebral angiography demonstrated a right middle cerebral artery aneurysm. The hematoma was surgically proved to be due to rupture of the aneurysm. Case 3: A 52-year-old male was admitted because of headache, vomiting and left motor weakness. CT scan showed a thick right subdural hematoma and right carotid angiography revealed two internal carotid artery aneurysms. It was surgically certified that the subdural hematoma was caused by a tear in a cortical artery attached to the dura, not by the rupture of the aneurysms. Clinical cause and pathogenesis of so-called "non-traumatic" or "spontaneous" acute subdural hematomas were discussed, and the importance of emergency angiography for this condition is stressed.
 ...
PMID:[Three cases of non-traumatic acute subdural hematoma]. 176 56

The patient, a 25-year-old male, was admitted with a 2-year history of double vision and recurrent suboccipital headache. Neurological findings on admission revealed nystagmus, double vision in the far field, bilateral abducense palsy, weakness in the bilateral legs, hypalgesia and hypesthesia under the L5 level, gait disturbance and hypotonia of the anal sphincter. Plain skull X-ray showed marked digital impression and disappearance of the posterior clinoid process and the dorsum sella. Myelography disclosed a filling defect dorsal to upper and midcervical cord. Intraventricular injection of metrizamide outline cystic dilatation and caudal migration of the fourth ventricle. Occipital craniectomy and laminectomy from C1 to C6 was performed. Operative findings showed thickened arachnoid membranes and cystic expansion of the fourth ventricle lying dorsal to the cervical cord. Caudal portion of the ventricle was removed, and V-P shunt was placed into the fourth ventricle to maintain decompression of the cystic part of the fourth ventricle. This patient is considered to represent a case of cystic dilatation (or ventricular diverticulum) of the fourth ventricle in Arnold-Chiari malformation. We stress that posterior decompression with V-P shunting procedure is recommended as the treatment of choice for such Arnold-Chiari type II malformation.
 ...
PMID:[Cystic dilatation of the fourth ventricle--case report]. 179 25

Sixty-three women with clinical and urodynamic evidence of stress incontinence were evaluated before and after incontinence surgery for symptoms of depression, nervousness, tension, sleep disturbances, decreased appetite, somatic weakness and headaches. Women treated successfully with surgery demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in their subjective psychologic status (P less than .05). Unsuccessful treatment, however, was not associated with a significant change in or deterioration of their symptoms. All the symptoms were evaluated individually to ascertain the specific effects of treatment. Sleep disturbances were significantly improved with successful treatment and worsened with unsuccessful treatment (P less than .05). Tension was significantly improved with successful therapy (P less than .05) but was unchanged if surgery was unsuccessful. Depression became worse with subjectively unsuccessful surgery. Headaches and appetite were not affected by the therapeutic outcome. Therapy can be instrumental in affecting the psychologic status of women with stress incontinence. If the psychologic disability continues after therapy and/or treatment is unsuccessful, a referral for psychologic evaluation should be considered.
 ...
PMID:Stress incontinence in women. Psychological status before and after treatment. 181 93

We have described the important clinical features and aspects of the Chiari-I malformations, with particular emphasis on Chiari-I malformation. Previously thought to be a rare finding with only minor significance, Chiari-I malformation is an important cause of a variety of symptoms, and will be diagnosed even more frequently as the use of MRI increases. The clinician must consider Chiari-I malformation in any patient with unexplained sensorineural hearing loss, headache, vertigo, ataxia, dysequilibrium, dysphagia or other cranial nerve symptom, especially if accompanied by more classic symptoms of this disorder, such as cervical pain or weakness.
 ...
PMID:The Chiari-I malformation. 187 53

Major depression disease is uncommon in children; it occurs mostly in children with a depressed parent or in children under major psychosocial stress such as physical or sexual abuse. Most depression in children is masked, i.e., the child presents with signs or symptoms such as headaches, abdominal pain, muscle weakness, vomiting, dizziness, hyperactivity, or school avoidance. Careful evaluation of the history is required to assist in the diagnosis. Some basic laboratory tests should be done to rule out organic disease. Psychiatric referral should be carried out after an appropriate evaluation.
 ...
PMID:Depression and chronic fatigue in children. A masquerade ball. 187 11

A 42-year-old black man, a physician, presented with a three week history of intermittent right arm and leg numbness and weakness, lasting about five minutes. This was not associated with headache, visual changes, seizures, aphasia or loss of consciousness. There was no history of head trauma, migraines, or previous attacks. Positive findings on physical examination were confined to a blood pressure of 182/80; evidence of hypertensive retinopathy; normal carotid pulses without bruits; and a Grade II/VI systolic ejection murmur with normal sinus rhythm. Initial hematocrit was 25.7%; white blood cell count 14,000 cu/mm with a normal differential; platelet count 532,000 cu/mm. An electrocardiogram showed left ventricular hypertrophy. Duplex scan demonstrated normal carotid bifurcations bilaterally, and arteriogram revealed no carotid or intracranial pathology. Hemoglobin electrophoresis revealed sickle cell disease of the SS type. He was treated with transfusion therapy and has remained asymptomatic at 40 months. Approximately 20% of children with the SS type sickle cell disease will have cerebrovascular symptoms caused by small intracranial artery occlusion due to sludging of the abnormal hemoglobin. This unusual cause of transient ischemic attacks can occur in older patients of African-American ancestry and must be recognized to enable early and effective therapy with exchange transfusion.
 ...
PMID:An unusual cause of transient ischemic attacks: case report. 187

A patient with uvular cancer presented with lower limb weakness and paresthesiae, headache, neck stiffness and multiple cranial palsies. No malignant cells were found on lumbar puncture. CT, and MRI were normal. Gadolinium-DTPA MRI disclosed multiple enhancing lesions consistent with leptomeningeal metastases. Gd-DTPA MRI is the best technique to demonstrate tumoral meningeal infiltration in cytology-negative patients suspected of having leptomeningeal metastases.
 ...
PMID:Gadolinium-DTPA MRI in the diagnosis of a patient with leptomeningeal metastasis produced by uvular carcinoma. 188 52

One familial case of "moyamoya" disease affecting three patients is reported. The patient in Case 1 was a 28-year-old female. She had suffered from motor weakness of the right limbs in her infantile period. She visited our hospital because of sudden headache and left motor weakness associated with nausea and vomiting. On admission, CT scan revealed cerebral hemorrhage in the right caudate nucleus with intraventricular clots and infarction in the left parietal lobe. Angiography showed stenosis of the left ICA terminal portion and occlusion of the right side, with moyamoya vessels in the basal area. The patient in Case 2 was a 54-year-old female, who was the mother of Case 1. After an operation for acute upper intestinal bleeding, she suffered from cerebral infarction. CT scan revealed large low density areas in the territory of the bilateral MCA. Angiography showed stenosis of the bilateral ICA terminal portions, occlusion of the right MCA, stenosis of the left MCA, and moyamoya vessels in the basal area. The patient in Case 3 was a 40-year-old female, who was a younger sister of Case 2. She had a convulsive attack in her infantile period. She visited our hospital because of gradually worsening headache. CT scan revealed multiple infarctions in the left paraventricle, the right parieto-occipital and occipital lobe. Angiography showed occlusion of the bilateral ICA terminals with moyamoya vessels in the basal and the ethmoidal areas. The patient in Case 2 died immediately. Surgery for reconstruction of hemodynamics was performed in Case 1 and 3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:[One pedigree of "moyamoya" disease]. 189 26

The efficacy of sustained release verapamil (Ikapress) was investigated in 237 hypertensive patients of both sexes in a multicenter trial in family practice. There were 4 groups: patients without previous treatment and those treated with nifedipine, with atenolol, or with a combination of drugs. After 4-7 days of washout, all those with diastolic pressures of 95 mm Hg or above received once daily 240 mg of verapamil for 8 weeks. 27 cases had to be withdrawn because of adverse effects: weakness in 10, constipation in 6, rash in 4, impotence in 3, and in 4, other reasons. In 177 blood pressure was brought under control after 4 weeks of treatment. An additional 33 were controlled after 4 weeks of 360 mg of sustained release verapamil. Response to treatment was similar in the 4 trial groups. Mean systolic and diastolic pressures fell 19 and 16 mm Hg, respectively, and mean pulse rate decreased by 5 beats/min. Constipation was the only side-effect reported by those who completed the trial. However, there was a significant reduction in initial scores for headache, dizziness, numbness and edema after 8 weeks of verapamil and all indices of quality of life were significantly improved. These included scores for general well-being, physical fitness, social activity, job fitness, sexual activity, sleep, concentration and mood. Scores for daytime sleepiness and fatigue also decreased significantly. Thus, sustained-release verapamil in a daily dose of 240-360 mg was shown to be an effective antihypertensive. It had few adverse effects and gave considerable improvement in quality of life.
 ...
PMID:[Sustained release verapamil in essential hypertension]. 193 92


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>