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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A ruptured giant aneurysm of the azygos anterior cerebral artery (ACA) associated with an acute subdural hematoma (SDH) occurred in a 67-year-old male with two episodes of sudden severe headache and transient loss of consciousness. Neurologically, he had mild weakness of the left lower extremity. Computed tomography showed an elliptical heterogeneous hyperdense mass in the interhemispheric fissure in front of the corpus callosum and an acute SDH on the right. Angiography disclosed a giant aneurysm (2.8 x 2.0 cm) at the distal end of the azygos ACA. Removal of the SDH and aneurysmal neck clipping achieved a good outcome. Successive small bleedings may allow the aneurysmal dome to develop adhesions to the arachnoid membrane, and the final rupture will occur into the subdural space, resulting in a SDH.
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PMID:Giant aneurysm of the azygos anterior cerebral artery associated with acute subdural hematoma--case report. 138 59

This study examined the early and late outcome in head injury patients with focal or multifocal (unilateral or bilateral) brain contusions revealed by computerized tomography (CT) scanning. The outcome was also evaluated in patients hospitalized due to brain concussion. Three months after the injury (the early outcome) 43% of the 86 cases with multifocal contusions on the CT scan were dead. As evaluated by the Glasgow Outcome Scale, all the 57 patients with a focal brain contusion, as well as the 117 cases with brain concussion, made a good recovery or were moderately disabled. The late outcome (1 to 5 years after injury) was evaluated in 78 cases with brain contusion and in 85 cases with brain concussion, and revealed that complaints and impaired adaptive functioning were frequent in both the contusion and concussion group. The occurrence of headache, dizziness and sleep problems did not significantly differ among the various head injury groups. However, focal or multifocal brain contusions on the CT scan increased the frequency of impaired memory, impaired concentration, speech problems, weakness in arms or legs and seizures with loss of consciousness. Cognitive deficits and speech problems were particularly common in patients with a focal contusion in the temporal lobe. The late adaptive and social functioning were most markedly impaired in cases with multifocal bilateral contusions.
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PMID:Early and late outcome in head injury patients with radiological evidence of brain damage. 141 31

Thirty-eight workers from a factory producing nickel-cadmium and other types of batteries came to us for medical evaluation. They included 21 women and 17 men (seniority 2-20 years, age range 31-63 years), and represented a self-selected subset of 700-900 ever-employed and 200+ recently or currently employed workers in the factory. Thirty-four worked on the nickel-cadmium assembly line. Symptoms and signs included: headache in 34; weakness, fatigue and lassitude in 26; dizziness in 16; pruritus and skin eruptions in 37; gingivitis, teeth loss and caries in 34; nasal congestion, nosebleeds and anosmia in 30; cough, phlegm production, wheezing and shortness of breath in 26; "asthma" in 14; bone pain in 18; urinary frequency, beta 2 microglobulinuria and kidney stones in 17; and sterility or multiple abortions (33) in 8 of 21 women. One additional patient had died from an "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like syndrome", while CT scans in six workers revealed brain atrophy. One other worker had leukemia, and two had died from cancer (lung and pancreas). Those who had worked for more than 10 years had more symptoms and signs than shorter-term employees, especially neurological illness, bone pain and urinary tract problems, including beta 2 microglobulinuria. Past blood and urinary cadmium levels were in the range of 1.6-8.7 micrograms/dl and 8-306 micrograms/l, respectively. Our findings indicated that: a) health risks for workers were not confined to the nickel-cadmium assembly line or to older workers, b) hazardous exposures still existed and illness appeared in new workers after a clean-up and intervention program, and c) exposures involved increased risks for renal disease and cancers. Finally, there is a need to control exposures and determine health risks in the full cohort of those ever employed, in the workers' children, and in the surrounding environment (air, ground, water) due to the dumping of waste from the plant.
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PMID:Medical findings in nickel-cadmium battery workers. 142 13

Between February and October 1990, researchers analyzed data on 110 postmenopausal women attending the university women's clinic in Vienna, Austria to determine whether a relationship exists between fertility, body shape, and menopause. Fertility incorporated number of pregnancies and births and age at each birth and induced and spontaneous abortions. They did not find a significant correlation between fertility and age at menopause. Yet there was a slight positive correlation between age at individual pregnancies and age at menopause regardless of whether it was the 1st or last pregnancy. The more pregnancies a woman experienced the larger her body shape became (p.01-.05). Thus multiparous women had more subcutaneous fat. In fact, fat distribution increases sex hormone levels which, along with the changes in hormone levels induced by pregnancy, probably delayed menopause. In addition, fertility was also positively associated with severity of menopause symptoms (p.01-.05). These symptoms included hot flushes, weakness, breast tension, urine loss, mood changes, headache, palpitation, vaginal dryness, sleeplessness, and loss of libido. Even though higher numbers of pregnancies increase estrogen secretion during menopause, many menopausal symptoms should not be very severe in theory since the higher estrogen levels abate severity. Yet the somatic and psychological stress of large family size appears to offset any advantages of higher estrogen levels induced by subcutaneous fat. Obese women face greater psychological stress than slender women since they do not conform to the cultural definition of beauty.
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PMID:Relations between fertility, body shape and menopause in Austrian women. 142 82

Abrupt or gradual discontinuation of tricyclic antidepressants may precipitate withdrawal symptoms. The most common of these are general somatic or gastrointestinal distress, anxiety and agitation, sleep disturbance, akathisia, parkinsonism, paradoxical behavioral activation and mania. There are very few reports of withdrawal reactions following discontinuation of clomipramine since it has not been in use in the US until recently. 2 patients with withdrawal symptoms following discontinuation of clomipramine are presented. A 45-year-old man had general somatic symptoms, including headache, myalgia, weakness, fatigue (flu-like syndrome) and nervousness and insomnia after clomipramine, 75 mg/d, had been discontinued abruptly. All symptoms disappeared without treatment after 3 days. A 47-year-old woman presented mainly with severe insomnia, anxiety, agitation, jitteriness and tension after discontinuing a low dose of 25 mg/d of clomipramine. Symptoms disappeared after she started self-treatment with 50 mg/d of the drug. It is important to differentiate withdrawal symptoms from relapse of the primary psychiatric disorder.
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PMID:[Withdrawal reactions after clomipramine]. 145 99

A 33-year-old Nigeria male developed fever, malaise, headache, muscle weakness and polyneurutis 24 hours after administration of tetanus toxoid. These manifestations however cleared within 72 hours. No other identifiable agents or predisposing factors were identified to explain this phenomenon.
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PMID:Neurological complication following tetanus toxoid immunization. A case report. 147 58

Acetazolamide is a useful prophylactic for acute mountain sickness causing marked reduction in headache, nausea, vomiting, weakness, etc. Improvements correlate with increased arterial oxygen concentrations, reduction in proteinuria and peripheral oedema and other objective measures of acute mountain sickness. Evidence that Acetazolamide is beneficial for pulmonary oedema or cerebral oedema is scanty because of the lower frequency of these severe forms of mountain sickness. Dexamethasone, used prophylactically, also reduces the symptoms of acute mountain sickness partly due to its euphoric effect. Use of Acetazolamide as a treatment for established acute mountain sickness has been investigated. Large doses of Acetazolamide increase arterial oxygen levels over a few hours and this leads to a reduction of symptoms but data is limited and faster acting carbonic anhydrides inhibitors such as Methazolamide may be preferable in an emergency situation. There is no comparison of the effectiveness of Acetazolamide with other drugs used for treating acute mountain sickness such as steroids and calcium channel blocking drugs. Also, there is no data on drug combinations which could have additive effects and thereby be more beneficial than individual drugs.
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PMID:Acetazolamide and high altitude diseases. 148 96

A recently described familiar syndrome consists of the following components: A bleeding tendency with thrombocytopathia, miosis, muscular weakness and spasms, ichthyosis, asplenia, dyslexia, and headache. Four definite and 2 probable patients have been identified in 4 generations. In the present study, the pupillary behaviour was scrutinized in two 'definite' cases with the infrared, binocular pupillometer. The forehead sweating pattern was also investigated with an Evaporimeter. The basal pupillary widths were: 1.25-1.75 mm. Only minor responses were noted upon topical stimulation with an indirectly acting pupillodilating agent (OH-amphetamine). A directly acting sympathicomimetic drug (phenylephrine) exerted a more marked influence on the pupil, indicating a relative supersensitivity. The evaporimetric pattern in the forehead seemed to be within reference limits, at variance with what is the case in Horner's syndrome. Further findings were: the orbit seemed to be smaller than normal; a bilateral VI. cranial nerve palsy was identified, and a marked upward gaze palsy coexisted with pupils with Argyll Robertson's traits. There is no readily acceptable explanation for the ocular abnormalities. The disorder underlying the pupillary abnormality may possibly be located in the upper mesencephalon.
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PMID:A new hereditary syndrome with a bleeding tendency, extreme miosis, spasms, dyslexia, thrombocytopathia etc. Pupillometric, evaporimetric, and ophthalmological observations. 148 75

A 39-year-old woman presented with a 2-month history of repeated severe headache, nausea and diplopia. On admission she was obese with bilateral papilledma and abducens weakness. Mass lesion and sinus thrombosis were ruled out by brain CT and angiography. CSF pressure was normal initially. CSF pressure fluctuated with menstrual cycle, sometimes showing over 600 mmH2O with worsening of the symptoms. She was diagnosed as benign intracranial hypertension (BIH). Diuretics did not improve the symptoms, and visual disturbances ensued and deteriorated. A spinal subarachnoid space-peritoneal shunt was inserted to control CSF pressure, showing rapid improvement of headache and diplopia but visual disturbances remained almost unchanged. Optic nerve sheath fenestration was performed without improvement of visual deterioration. We postulated multiple factors such as obesity, menstrual abnormality, iron deficiency anemia and analgesic drugs played important roles to produce BIH in this case. Careful quantitative perimetry should be done to decide a suitable time for surgical treatment in BIH.
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PMID:[A case of benign intracranial hypertension with fluctuated symptoms and CSF pressure synchronized with menstrual cycle]. 149 Mar 15

We have treated a case of chronic fatigue syndrome with atopic diathesis was had suffered general malaise, low grade fever, swelling of the lymph nodes, myalgias and arthralgias for a long time. A 29-year-old female, who had been treated for atopic dermatitis for 5 years, complained of general malaise in May 1990. She was admitted to the nearest hospital in December 1990 because of low grade fever, swelling of the lymph nodes and an elevation of antinuclear antibody (2520x). She was transferred to our hospital in May 1991. A diagnosis of collagen disease was not compatible with her condition. In addition to general malaise, fever and lymph node swelling, headache, myalgias, muscle weakness, arthralgias and insomnia were observed, and a diagnosis of chronic fatigue syndrome was made based on the working case definition proposed by Holmes et al. Although eosinophilia, a high serum level of IgE, and elevation of RAST scores, low NK and ADCC activity, and a reduced level of NK cells in the peripheral blood were detected, serum antibodies to a number of viruses were in the normal range. Treatments with non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, minor tranquilizers and antidepressant drugs were not effective at all. An administration of magnesium sulphate was intravenously performed once a week in order to improve her condition, especially severe general malaise. After about 6-week's administration of magnesium sulphate, she noticed reduced easy fatigability and an improvement in her impaired daily activities. Finally she was able to leave the hospital in January 1992.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A case of chronic fatigue syndrome who showed a beneficial effect by intravenous administration of magnesium sulphate]. 149 95


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