Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Modern sleep research studies have provided the practicing physician with considerable new information concerning the basic psychophysiology of sleep, the effects of medical conditions on sleep and the role of maturational and emotional factors in producing certain sleep disorders. Medical and psychiatric disorders, sleep disorders and drug-induced sleep stage alterations are studied in the sleep laboratory using the same techniques developed to analyze sleep patterns in normal subjects. After initial sleep laboratory adaptation, a profile of the sleep characteristics of various clinical conditions is obtained. This profile can be compared to sleep profiles of normal subjects as well as to the effects on sleep of subsequent experimental or therapeutic procedures. Various studies have shown that coronary artery, duodenal ulcer and nocturnal headache patients experience angina, increased gastric acid secretion and migraine or cluster headaches, respectively during REM sleep. Adult nocturnal asthamtic episodes occur out of all sleep stages while attacks of dyspnea in asthmatic children occur in all stages except stage 4 sleep. Hypothyroid patients show decreases in stages 3 and 4 sleep, while in hyperthyroid patients the percentage of time spent in stages 3 and 4 sleep is markedly increased. Enuretic episodes occur predominantly in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep. Sleepwalking and night terror episodes occur exclusively out of NREM sleep, particularly from stages 3 and 4 sleep. Most child somnambulists and children with night terrors "outgrow" this disorder, suggesting a delayed maturation of the central nervous system. Stimulant drugs are effective in the treatment of the sleep attacks of narcolepsy and in treating certain cases of hypersomnia, while imipramine is an effective treatment for the auxillary symptoms of narcolepsy. Psychological disturbances are frequent in adult somnambulism and night terrors as well as in hypersomnia and insomnia. Proper pharmacologic treatment to provide symptomatic relief for insomnia is recommended to enhance the psychotherapeutic process.
 ...
PMID:Nocturnal psychophysiological correlates of somatic conditions and sleep disorders. 77 62

In this review I have described the pathophysiology of allergic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. Situations where the intestine cannot be a complete barrier to foreign allergens and antigens were discussed and etiological factors of gastrointestinal allergy were detailed. Clinical features of gastrointestinal allergy include diarrhea, vomiting, abdominal pain and colic, intestinal hemorrhage and malabsorption as well as symptoms and signs outside the gastrointestinal tract such as chronic rhinitis and asthma in the respiratory system, urticaria, angioedema and eczema as dermatological signs, headache, insomnia, hyperkinesis as central nervous system manifestations, failure to thrive and anaphylaxis as constitutional reactions. Milk allergy was discussed as an example of food allergy. Immunology of the gastrointestinal tract was presented, with examples of four types of hypersensitivity reactions, and gastrointestinal disturbances of immunodeficiency disorders and syndromes were named. Lastly, the autoimmune mechanism and the gut were described, with particular discussion of ulcerative colitis as an example of an autoimmune disease.
 ...
PMID:The intestine in allergic diseases. 78 84

Pathologically increased apetite is the most tormenting symptom of overweight conditions and therefore, along with dietetic treatment which plays an essential role, it is most expedient to resort to anorectic drugs also. Recently, the Sanorex preparation (Mazindol, Teronak, AN 448 degrees--imidazo-isoindole derivative having a tricyclic structure) is ever more extensively used. The action of the drug is studied in a series of 32 obesity individuals under sanatorial conditions and normocaloric diet, over a period of twenty seven days. The new preparation Sanorex which causes aversion to food, given in small doses, accounts for prompt and reliable control of the apetite--9590 kg reduction, 0,362 kg mean daily weight loss (p less than 0,05), and equal intensity of weight loss in either of the sexes (p less than 0,01). Side effects such as dryness in the mouth, very strong and moderate thurst, insomnia, superficial sleep, headache, elevated excitability, tachycardia, general feebleness are transitory, subside within two weeks, and are tolerated comparatively well by the patients included in the series. Sanorex administration may be recommended provided due consideration is given to the usual limitations implied by the continuous use of new drugs.
 ...
PMID:[Treatment of obesity with the anoretic Sanorex]. 80 32

Tick-borne encephalitis is transmitted by the tick ixodes ricinus. After the second world war an increase in the number of cases of encephalitis was observed and the neurotropic virus was isolated for the first time in 1948. Reservoir animals are mouse-like wild animals and also agricultural domestic animals. The infection is transmitted to humans through tick bites. It becomes apparent subjectively in headaches, vomiting, tiredness, giddiness and insomnia, and objectively in meningeal symptoms, extrapyramidal tremor, cerebellar ataxia, vestibular nystagmus and paresis. The treatment consists of strict rest in bed for 10 days at least and symptomatic support of the general health. Good results are obtained with antiedematous therapy with hydrocortisone or pyritinol.
 ...
PMID:[Clinical picture of Central European tick-borne encephalitis (author's transl)]. 82 10

Acute myoclonic encephalopathy related to the ingestion of bismuth salts has been known for 3 years and would appear to be reversible. Of a total of 41 cases, 32 were observed for an average of more than a year. Alongside the commoner benign forms, there coexist severe forms, sometimes fatal, prolonged forms and complicated forms. Permanent deterioration, affecting memory above all, tremor, marked insomnia, headache and disturbed gait are amongst the most durable complications, sometimes definitive, whilst in four cases osteo-arthropathy of the shoulders was associated with permanent invalidism.
 ...
PMID:[Bismuth myoclonic encephalopathies. Their course and lasting or definitive late complications]. 92 35

A subgroup of workers from a secondary lead smelter was defined to include those with blood lead levels not exceeding 80 microgram/100 ml and with no past history of elevated blood lead. Central nervous system symptoms (tiredness, sleeplessness, irritability, headache) were reported by 55% of the group and muscle and joint pain by 39%. Zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) levels were elevated in 71% of cases. Low hemoglobin levels (less than 14 gm/100 ml) were found in more than a third of the workers. While BUN and creatinine were mostly in the normal range, there was nevertheless a correlation between ZPP and both BUN and creatinine. Reduced nerve-conduction velocities were present in 25% of the group; this was not significantly different from findings in a control group. The data indicate that a blood level of 80 microgram/100 ml is an inappropriate biological guide in the prevention of lead disease.
 ...
PMID:Lead effects among secondary lead smelter workers with blood lead levels below 80 microgram/100 ml. 93 40

279 patients suffering from perioral rosaceiform dermatitis have been treated during the past 5 years. With the exception of two men and one five-year-old girl, all patients were female adults, mostly in their thirties. Skin eruptions had been present for 1--2 years in 73% of the cases. Two third of the patients had been treated locally with corticosteroids and one tenth of this group had previously undergone systemic therapy. In 22,2% of the patients, typical signs of local corticosteroid overtreatment were seen. There was a great number of patients holding rather high-ranking jobs and showing remarkable zeal to advance either in their habitual professional field or in a new career. 90% of the perioral dermatitis patients suffered from concomitant vegetative disturbances, especially nervousness, insomnia, headaches and fatigue. In 40% of the cases, symptoms of general neurovascular lability were stated and 60% complained of digestive troubles, particularly obstipation. Out of 220 patients, 206 (=93%) supervised since the end of our treatment showed no relapse of their dermatosis. Our therapeutic program since 1970 consists of mild, corti-costeroid-free local treatment and psychotherapy (see A. Thurn). In the majority of cases, the skin lesions disappeared during the first 3 months and in 90% after 6 months. In 33 cases, under conditions of stress and conflict, one or several relapses occured before final recovery was attained. The evaluation of therapy results showed a progredient reduction of recovery time corresponding to the increasing psychoanalytical experience of our interdisciplinary team. However, in perioral dermatitis patients showing no concomitant vegetative symptoms (10%), a conspiciously longer recovery time was noted, when compared with the remainder of our cases. Patients suffering from several concomitant vegetative symptoms may possibly stop, taking out' psychic problems on their skin when partially resolved by short-term therapy, tending instead to ,somatize' their conflicts in other susceptible organs.
 ...
PMID:[Statistical studies and results of treatment of patients with perioral dermatitis]. 94 28

The health condition of female cash register operators in relation to their working conditions was investigated. A questionnaire study revealed that cash register operators more frequently complained of general fatigue, headache, sleeplessness, and low back pain than female office machine operators or other female workers. Dullness and pain in the shoulder, arm, hand, and fingers especially on the right side were characteristic of cash register operators. Physical examinations in 1973 showed that 31.3% of 371 cash register operators suffered from muscle rigidity or tenderness; 13 were severely afficted and, 69 operators had to be either laid off, reassigned to other jobs, or given shorter working hours. Occupational cervicobrachial disorders were suggested to have been caused by repetitive upper limb motions combined with static load, an unfavorable working environment, and mental stress. Implementation of some improvements including shorter operation time, worker rotation, and adoption of electronic registers proved effective in reducing the number of sufferers of cervicobrachial disorders found during the 1975 physical examinations. But the improvements were not effective enough to alleviate fatigue of the neck, shoulder, and back due presumably to sustaining upper limbs while operating the keyboard.
 ...
PMID:Health hazard among cash register operators and the effect of improved working conditions. 102 12

In a double blind placebo controlled clinical evaluation of maintenance therapy in chronic schizophrenic female outpatients, thiordazine in single daily doses not exceeding 375 mg./day for 6 months was shown to be effective maintenance treatment compared with PL, thereby establishing the sensitivity of the experiment. Pimozide was also shown to be effective in a single oral dose not exceeding 16 mg./day and comparable overall to the standard drug. The experimental design was based on the anticipated retrogression of PL treated subjects during the 6-month study period, which was reflected in 5 of 9 (56%) "treatment failures" in the PL group compared to 2 of 14 (14%) and 2 of 12 (17%) in the THI and PIM groups, respectively. In addition, in some instances improvement over baseline evaluations was noted in both drug groups, particularly on global impression. Though some items of the BPRS exhibited Drug: PL differences, the scale in general was felt to be rather insensitive for this kind of study. Social adjustment ratings on a special scale completed by the patients and families alike, were also found to be insensitive to treatment differences. Side effects most often seen with THI were sedation, EKG and liver function abnormalities. Headache and restlessness occurred most often with PIM. Extrapyramidal symptoms and insomnia were seen most often with PIM and PL equally.
 ...
PMID:Pimozide in chronic schizophrenic outpatients. 111 70

Modern warfare requires protection of the entire civilian population, and a main feature of Swiss planning is the provision of adequate shelter space for every inhabitant. The medical and psychologic problems of prolonged shelter living are considered, with reference to the literature on experience in other countries. The study centers on description of a shelter occupancy experiment. 25 men with an average age of 37 years spent 7 days in a closed shelter during the hottest part of the year. Floor space was 1.2 m2 and room volume 2.5 m3 per person. The experiment revealed that in-shelter climatic conditions remained tolerable. Initially several members of the group suffered from insomnia and nausea, while sleep disturbances, headache and gastrointestinal symptoms also occurred in the course of the stay. Daily self-rating of condition with appropriate scales showed a positive correlation of "irritability" with air humidity and a negative correlation of "vitality" with room temperature. Good shelter management and a trained leader are essential prerequisites for prolonged shelter occupancy.
 ...
PMID:[Medical and psychological problems relating to emergency shelters in case of war]. 112 61


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>