Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Accumulation of D-lactate after gastrointestinal surgery, particularly jejuno-ileal bypass, is an uncommon and often misdiagnosed clinical disturbance. The syndrome may be complicated by dizziness, ataxia, confusion, headache, memory loss, and aggressive behavior. Serum chemistries are often deceptive because the anion gap is frequently normal in spite of severe metabolic acidosis. Moreover, the urine anion gap may be positive, incorrectly suggesting a defect in renal net acid excretion. Indeed, the combination of a normal anion gap metabolic acidosis and positive urine anion gap may erroneously suggest a diagnosis of renal tubular acidosis. Importantly, all reported cases of D-lactic acidosis secondary to bypass surgery have been encountered within 5 to 10 years following the surgery. Here we present an unusual case of D-lactic acidosis (complicated by encephalopathy) presenting 23 years after a jejuno-ileal bypass procedure. The patient was initially diagnosed with a drug intoxication secondary to benzodiazepines. Ultimately, the diagnosis of D-lactate encephalopathy was established after challenging the patient with a carbohydrate load. Thus, administration of 40 kcal/kg over 16 hours reproduced the clinical syndrome and was accompanied by a marked increment in serum and urine D-lactate concentration. The patient had sustained resolution of her symptoms after treatment with oral vancomycin.
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PMID:D-lactic acidosis 23 years after jejuno-ileal bypass. 1092 30

A case of disseminated Langerhans cell histiocytosis with resistant central nervous system (CNS) disease in an adolescent is described. The child presented with visible cranial lesions, emesis, headaches, and short-term memory loss. Diagnostic evaluation revealed multiple osseous lesions in the cranium, ribs, vertebral bodies, and pelvis. The clinical course with complications and response to each therapy are sequentially reviewed. Remission, as evidenced clinically and by magnetic resonance imaging, was ultimately accomplished with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine (2-CDA). The full course of 2-CDA was not tolerated due to bone marrow suppression. CNS histiocytosis is known to be resistant to therapy. Earlier introduction of 2-CDA for CNS disease might offer more successful treatment with less toxicity than seen in patient.
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PMID:Langerhans cell histiocytosis: central nervous system involvement treated successfully with 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine. 1129 88

HIV-positive patients are prone to many illnesses due to their weakened immune systems. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and tuberculosis (TB) both cause respiratory difficulties, as well as fatigue, scratchy throat and weight loss. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) causes changes in vision. Cryptococcal meningitis and toxoplasmosis share symptoms of acute headaches, confusion and memory loss. Kaposi's Sarcoma (KS) causes red and purple skin legions to appear. Candidiasis symptoms reveal themselves in oral, esophagal and vaginal forms. Other AIDS-related diseases and symptoms are discussed.
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PMID:[Self-detection of symptoms]. 1136 15

Cryptococcosis, caused by Cryptococcus neoformans, is the most common life-threatening AIDS-related fungal infection. The infection can occur in any organ of the body, although meningitis is its most frequent form. Symptoms of cryptococcal meningitis appear gradually and generally include headache, fever, or malaise. Symptoms may also include memory loss, lethargy, and personality changes. Isolation of the pathogen is done by using microscopy of the cerebrospinal fluid or by testing the serum antigen titer. Appropriate therapy includes amphotericin B or triazole antifungals. Patients with elevated intracranial pressure may be treated by draining cerebrospinal fluid (about 30 ml) daily. Other antifungal agents are being investigated.
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PMID:Cryptococcosis. 1136 41

The use of alternative medicines is increasing world-wide and in Israel. These drugs, considered by the Ministry of Health as food supplements, are to be obtained at pharmacies and health stores and are being sold freely, without any professional advice. Many of the herbs are used by patients to treat psychiatric disorders. These herbs have a pharmacological activity, adverse effects and interactions with conventional drugs, which can produce changes in mood, cognition, and behavior. We present the most commonly used herbal drugs, and discuss their safety and efficacy in psychiatric practice. Hypericum--used as an antidepressant and as an antiviral medicine, was reported in 23 randomized clinical trials reviewed from the MEDLINE. It was found to be significantly more effective than placebo and had a similar level of effectiveness as standard antidepressants. Recent studies almost clearly prove that this herb, like most of the conventional antidepressants, can induce mania. Valerian--is used as an anti-anxiety drug, and reported to have sedative as well as antidepressant properties. In contrast to the significant improvement in sleep that was found with the use of valerian, compared to placebo, there are several reports on the valerian root toxicity. This includes nephrotoxicity, headaches, chest tightness, mydriasis, abdominal pain, and tremor of the hands and feet. Ginseng--another plant that is widely used as an aphrodisiac and a stimulant. It has been associated with the occurrence of vaginal bleeding, mastalgia, mental status changes and Stevens-Johnson syndrome after it's chronic administration. It has interactions with digoxin, phenelzine and warfarin. Ginkgo--in clinical trials the ginkgo extract has shown a significant improvement in symptoms such as memory loss, difficulties in concentration, fatigue, anxiety, and depressed mood. Long-term use has been associated with increased bleeding time and spontaneous hemorrhage. Ginkgo should be used cautiously in patients receiving aspirin, NSAIDs, anticoagulants or other platelet inhibitors. Health care professionals can no longer ignore the widespread use of alternative medicines and cannot continue with the "don't ask, don't tell" policy. Clinicians should ask the patients about their use of herbs in a non-judgmental way, and should document the patient's use of these drugs. Finally, we must be more aware of the side effects and the potential drug interactions of these herbs, and advise our patients to avoid long term use of these drugs due to lack of information regarding the safety of these medicines.
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PMID:[The safety of herbal medicines in the psychiatric practice]. 1154 87

In early 1992, U.S. troops returning from the Gulf War began reporting a variety of nonspecific symptoms such as fatigue, skin rash, headache, muscle and joint pain, and loss of memory. These reports marked the beginning of what was to be identified as the Gulf War Syndrome (GWS). In the years since the war, as many as 100,000 troops have claimed they suffer from this mysterious disease. In our culture, the existence of disease as a specific entity is fundamental to ensuring the validity of that disease. The legitimacy of GWS has been repeatedly called into question because no specific physiological etiology has been confirmed, and it is becoming more and more likely that the origin of GWS will never be clearly delineated. The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the complicated process of defining GWS as a legitimate illness in the absence of etiological evidence and to suggest a method of treatment for individuals who still suffer from its sequelae.
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PMID:A normative construction of Gulf War syndrome. 1160 Aug 3

Clinical symptoms and self-reported health status in persons reporting multiple chemical sensitivities (MCS) are presented from a 9-year follow-up study. Eighteen (69%) subjects from a sample of 26 persons originally interviewed in 1988 were followed up in 1997 and given structured interviews and self-report questionnaires. In terms of psychiatric diagnosis, 15 (83%) met DSM-IV criteria for a lifetime mood disorder, 10 (56%) for a lifetime anxiety disorder, and 10 (56%) for a lifetime somatoform disorder. Seven (39%) of subjects met criteria for a personality disorder using the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-IV. Self-report data from the Illness Behavior Questionnaire and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised show little change from 1988. The 10 most frequent complaints attributed to MCS were headache, memory loss, forgetfulness, sore throat, joint aches, trouble thinking, shortness of breath, back pain, muscle aches, and nausea. Global assessment showed that 2 (11%) had "remitted", 8 (45%) were "much" or "very much" improved, 6 (33%) were "improved", and 2 (11%) were "unchanged/worse". Mean scores on the SF-36 health survey showed that, compared to U.S. population means, subjects reported worse physical functioning, more bodily pain, worse general health, worse social functioning, and more emotional-role impairment; self-reported mental health was better than the U.S. population mean. All subjects maintained a belief that they had MCS; 16 (89%) acknowledged that the diagnosis was controversial. It is concluded that the subjects remain strongly committed to their diagnosis of MCS. Most have improved since their original interview, but many remain symptomatic and continue to report ongoing lifestyle changes.
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PMID:The Iowa follow-up of chemically sensitive persons. 1200 35

A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies (CHI-SQUARE test with Yates correction) in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
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PMID:[Investigation on the health of people living near mobile telephone relay stations: I/Incidence according to distance and sex]. 1216 54

Indoor air contamination with toxic opportunistic molds is an emerging health risk worldwide. Some of the opportunistic molds include: Stachybotrys chartarum, Aspergillus species (A. fumigatus, A. flavus, A. niger, A. versicolor etc.), Cadosporium, Alternaria, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Fusarium graminearum etc. These molds flourish in homes that are moist and damp. Reports of floods are now evident in many parts of the world. With these global changes in climatic conditions that favor the opportunistic mode of living among these molds, some health authorities are beginning to feel concerned about the diversity and the extent to which opportunistic molds can cause adverse health effects in humans. Mycotoxicosis is the collective name for all the diseases caused by toxic molds. Frequently, we have cases of acoustic neuroma due to mycotoxicity in our Center. Mycotic neuroma probably has not been reported before and the application of brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER) techniques in acoustic mycotic neuroma have not been reported either. The aim of this study, therefore, was to report cases and measurements of acoustic mycotic neuroma in adolescents using the brainstem auditory evoked response. The patients' case history, clinical neurological and neurobehavioral questionnaires were assessed. Then, the BAERs were recorded between Cz and Ai, with a second channel, Cz-Ac. The case histories and the questionnaires were analyzed in conjunction with the outcome of the objective brainstem auditory evoked response measurements. The prevalent subjective findings in the patients were headaches, memory loss, hearing loss, lack of concentration, fatigue, sleep disturbance, facial swelling, rashes, nosebleeds, diarrhea, abdominal pains and respiratory difficulties. Objective BAER showed overall abnormalities in all the patients. Although the waveform abnormalities varied, 1-3 interpeak latencies were abnormal in all the patients. Overall results showed the presence of acoustic mycotic neuroma and confirmed the sensitivity and usefulness of BAER in screening acoustic mycotic neuroma and sensorineural auditory dysfunction.
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PMID:Brainstem auditory evoked response in adolescents with acoustic mycotic neuroma due to environmental exposure to toxic molds. 1246 9

This is a review on current knowledge of chronic occupational mercurialism syndrome. Major scientific studies and reviews on clinical manifestation and physiopathology of mercury poisoning were evaluated. The search was complemented using Medline and Lilacs data. Erethism or neuropsychological syndrome, characterized by irritability, personality change, loss of self-confidence, depression, delirium, insomnia, apathy, loss of memory, headaches, general pain, and tremors, is seen after exposure to metallic mercury. Hypertension, renal disturbances, allergies and immunological conditions are also common. Mercury is found in many different work processes: industries, gold mining, and dentistry. As prevention measures are not often adopted there is an increasing risk of mercury poisoning. The disease has been under diagnosed even though 16 clinical forms of mercury poisoning are described by Brazilian regulations. Clinical diagnosis is important, especially because abnormalities in the central nervous, renal and immunological systems can be detected using current medical technology, helping to develop the knowledge and control measures for mercurialism.
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PMID:[Chronic occupational metallic mercurialism]. 1248 28


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