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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The clinical picture in three cases of chronic cranial pachymeningitis of unknown origin was dominated by headache, disturbed balance, a confusional state and cranial nerve lesions. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was increased and the CSF showed inflammatory changes. CT scan imaging showed thickening of the tentorium cerebelli, which took up contrast intensely. Meningeal biopsy showed the dura-mater to be the site of a non-specific inflammatory process. No precise cause was found. Clinical manifestations in these three patients were remarkably corticosensitive but lesions did not regress on CT. The development of a state of corticodependence led to an attempt at treatment with radiotherapy and/or azathioprine, but follow up is insufficient to evaluate results.
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PMID:[Cranial pachymeningitis of unknown origin. Study of 3 cases]. 264 79

Tinnitus is a hearing sensation appearing without available sound fluctuations in the external environment. It is one of the major, constant and earliest symptoms suggesting different pathology of the hearing analyser. It must be considered, though, that it is evidenced also at disturbed functions of other organs and systems of the organism. The aim of the present study is to elucidate the state of the hearing analyser in patients with tinnitus occupationally exposed to noise and vibrations in relation to therapy. The study was performed on 67 miners, aged 34-55, mean age 44.5 years. The workers with subjective tinnitus (29 persons--43% of the studied group) are the object of this investigation. They were subjected to the following tests of the hearing analyser: pure tone audiometry; above-threshold audiometry (Carhardt's adaptation test, Lusher's differential threshold, SISI test, Kietz test. The evidence reveals that the studied group of workers occupationally exposed to noise, vibrations, dust, toxic substances etc. complain predominantly of tinnitus. It is accompanied by vertigo, headache and disturbed balance. Changes in the hearing function are observed; manifested by different degree of hypacusia concerning air and bone conductivity in the pure tone audiometry. The above-threshold tests also evidence deviations suggesting disturbed hearing function. These changes can be explained by mechanical-toxic pathogenic mechanisms leading to cerebral and vestibular dysfunction most probably of vascular-circulatory type manifested by the above stated deviations. The results are the basis for the following conclusions: 1. The anamnestic profile of workers with tinnitus exposed to noise and vibrations shows a prevalent percentage of vertigo, followed by headache and disturbed balance. 2. The otoneurological profile shows changes in the air and bone conductivity manifested by different degree of hypacusia. 3. The evaluation of the above-threshold tests also confirms the evidence of disturbed hearing function. 4. The relevant therapeutical approach has to be elaborated, having in mind the existing suggestion about the mechanical-toxic etiopathogenesis of the developed process of vascular-circulatory type.
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PMID:Audiological problems in patients with tinnitus exposed to noise and vibrations. 1112 78

The aim of this review is to present research that has a bearing on the pathogenesis of hypersensitivity in muscle pain syndromes. Allodynia and hyperalgesia in these syndromes can be segmental or generalized and temporary or permanent. Hypersensitivity in muscle pain conditions in the clinic is best diagnosed by determining the pressure pain threshold. In a disorder such as fibromyalgia, decreased pain thresholds also are found at sites where there is no tenderness. Pathogenetic mechanisms for allodynia and hyperalgesia can be identified at several levels of the nociceptive system, from the nociceptors in the muscle to the cortex. Central sensitization of nociceptive neurons in the dorsal horn and a disturbed balance between inhibitory and facilitatory impulses in the descending tracts from the brain stem to the dorsal horn are the main mechanisms for pain hypersensitivity. Changes in function, biochemical make-up, and synaptic connections in the nociceptive neurons in the dorsal horn are considered to be caused by neuronal plasticity.
Curr Pain Headache Rep 2003 Dec
PMID:Hypersensitivity in muscle pain syndromes. 1460 1