Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is frequently regarded as a painless condition. A review of the literature reveals that approximately 2/3 of the patients with multiple sclerosis will experience painful syndromes during the course of disease and that these are associated with the disease. Acute syndromes are described: Trigeminal neuralgia, Lhermitte's sign, optic neuritis and tonic seizure. Chronic syndromes: Dysaesthesia, pain in extremities, muscular spasms, low back pain and headache. The frequency, causes and suggestions for treatment are mentioned. A Danish investigation has revealed that only 42% of a representative section of DS patients received adequate treatment for pain. It is thus concluded that optimal treatment of pain in MS patients is necessary.
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PMID:[Painful syndromes connected with disseminated sclerosis]. 153 48

Three operated cases of the interhemispheric arachnoid cyst were reported. Case 1: a 58-year-old female suffering from progressive right hemi-rigidity and gait disturbance for the past two years. Case 2: a 66-year-old female was admitted with chronic headache. MRI demonstrated a large interhemispheric cyst in these two patients. Case 3: a 6-month-old male had frequent episodes of tonic seizure. MRI demonstrated interhemispheric cyst and agenesis of the anterior part of corpus callosum. The resection of the cystic wall via the interhemispheric approach was performed for all cases. General convulsive seizure developed in the early stage following operation in case 1 and case 2, in spite of routine administration of prophylactic anticonvulsant. The seizures were well controlled thereafter. In all cases, the cyst disappeared on the follow up CT. Simple resection of cyst wall is effective in the surgical treatment of interhemispheric arachnoid cysts.
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PMID:[Interhemispheric arachnoid cyst; report of three cases]. 160 79

A 43-year-old man suddenly experienced severe headaches and involuntary flexion-extension movements of four limbs, which were followed by hypertonic extension of the limbs lasting for a few hours. Two days later, he experienced generalized tonic seizure without loss of consciousness. After the seizures, he remained hemiparetic on the right side. His past medical history was non-remarkable, and the histories of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, head trauma and significant infectious diseases were all denied. Cerebral angiography performed 22 days after the onset showed a segmental, irregular narrowing of the left A2 segment and an aneurysmal outpouching immediately proximal to the stenosis. CT scan revealed a low density area in the left frontal lobe, corresponding to the territory of the involved left anterior cerebral artery. Cerebral angiography was repeated twice in the succeeding 6 months. Each time, the involved A2 segment showed persistence of narrowing, but its shape showed definite changes with the passage of time. A diagnosis of dissecting aneurysm of the anterior cerebral artery was reached by the characteristic angiographic features, and the patient was treated conservatively. Dissecting aneurysm of the cerebral arteries have been reported much less frequently than those of the aorta or other extracranial arteries. Recently, however, such reports are increasing in number, seemingly due to enhancement of knowledge of typical angiographic features, such as string sign, rosette sign, pearl reaction, double lumen and several others. Most of intracranial dissecting aneurysms involve the middle cerebral artery or vertebral-basilar artery, and the ones involving solely the anterior cerebral artery as in this present case are very rare.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Dissecting aneurysm of the anterior cerebral artery: report of a case]. 650 59

Dengue viruses exist in nature as a collection of highly similar but not identical members (quasispecies). In order to correlate the presence of viral quasispecies with rare occurrence of unusual clinical manifestations in dengue-infected individuals, a dengue type 2 virus was isolated from the peripheral blood of a 12-year-old boy who presented with fever, headache, drowsiness and tonic seizure of the left arm, and subsequently manifested symptoms and signs of dengue hemorrhagic fever. Analysis of the envelope glycoprotein sequence of the encephalopathy-associated virus and two other dengue type 2 viruses from the same epidemic season in Chiang Mai, Thailand revealed that all three viruses belonged to the subtype IIIa of the five-subtype phylogenetic nomenclature system for dengue type 2 virus. The encephalopathy-associated dengue virus was more divergent from the others and was characterized by an Ala-->Val substitution at the position 173 of the envelope glycoprotein. This substitution mapped to the central domain 1 which was not known to be involved directly in envelope-receptor interaction.
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PMID:Primary sequence of the envelope glycoprotein of a dengue type 2 virus isolated from patient with dengue hemorrhagic fever and encephalopathy. 927 81

A 15 years old girl of African origin was admitted with a history of headaches and a generalised tonic seizure. Her clinical examination including fundoscopy was normal. She claimed she had been assaulted. Within a few hours of her admission she was found dead in her bed during the ward round. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation was unsuccessful. At post-mortem, the major organs showed no pathological changes and neck dissection showed no abnormality. Neuropathological examination after formalin fixation revealed a cystic lesion in the fourth ventricle, ependymitis and acute hydrocephalus. Histology showed parts of the parasite Taenia solium and the diagnosis was neurocysticercosis. This case highlights the need for forensic and general pathologists as well as forensic medical examiners and paediatricians to be aware of neurocysticercosis as a possible cause of sudden death in the presence of normal clinical findings and negative autopsy, especially in patients from Asian, African or South American countries. As cysticercosis is the commonest cause of seizures in the developing world, neurocysticercosis needs to be considered as a cause of sudden and unexpected death in any patient with a history of headaches and/or seizures.
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PMID:Cysticercosis of the fourth ventricle causing sudden death: a case report and review of the literature. 1880 93

We report an extremely rare case of pial arteriovenous fistula (AVF) caused by trauma. A 61-year-old man suffered from brain contusion by a traffic accident. He was neurologically normal on admission. However, his headache gradually worsened, and partial seizures occurred thereafter. He presented with general tonic seizure 7 days after the head injury. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the exacerbation of brain edema and an abnormal vein near the contusion. Subsequent angiography showed a pial AVF, which was considered to be responsible for the brain edema. After treatment of the AVF by direct surgery, the brain edema was ameliorated. We should take into consideration the formation of vascular disease in cases with unexpected worsening of edema after brain injury.
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PMID:Pial Arteriovenous Fistula Caused by Trauma: A Case Report. 2645 46