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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A screening examination for the assessment of tempormandibular joint dysfunction was evaluated in a series of 279 patients. Tenderness upon palpation of one or more of the muscles of mastication and/or pain upon retrusion of the mandible was noted in seventy-nine patients (28 per cent). These objective signs of temporomandibular joint dysfunction did not correlate statistically with maximum opening of the mouth, age, taking of analesics or tranquilizers, headache or dizzy spells, crepitus, and the patients dental condition.
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PMID:The feasibility of a screening procedure regarding temporomandibular joint dysfunction. 105 37

Tenderness and pain thresholds in pericranial muscles were studied in a general population. A random sample of 1000 adults aged 25-64 years was drawn as part of the Glostrup Population Studies, and 740 adults were examined. This study was part of a multifacetted, epidemiological study of different headache disorders according to the new headache classification. Manual palpation and pressure pain threshold with an electronic pressure algometer were performed by observers blinded to other information such as the person's history of headache, previous illness and mental state. The muscles most commonly tender to manual palpation were the lateral pterygoid (55%), the trapezius (52%), and the sternocleido-mastoid muscles (51%). Females were more tender than men in all the muscles examined by manual palpation. In total, the young age group was more tender than the old age group (P = 0.03). Pressure pain thresholds on temporal muscles showed lower thresholds in women than in men (P less than 10(-3)), and in the total population thresholds increased with age (P less than 0.05). No side-to-side difference in tenderness by manual palpation was found, while the right side showed increased pain thresholds in right-handed individuals (P less than 10(-4)). No side-to-side difference was found in left-handed persons. This study provides data about the normal population and forms the necessary basis for evaluating the importance of muscle tenderness in headache subjects and other selected groups.
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PMID:Cephalic muscle tenderness and pressure pain threshold in a general population. 158 38

The prevalence of five symptoms of temporomandibular disorder and associated symptoms of pain, headache, and stress was estimated in a random telephone survey of a large United States metropolitan area. The prevalences for nocturnal bruxing, joint noise with use, soreness on waking, soreness with use, and diurnal clenching were roughly equivalent (ranging from 8% to 12%) and were within the range of prevalences reported in previous studies. Overall, 149 of the 500 respondents reported one or more of the five symptoms. Symptoms were not more prevalent among women than men, but were more prevalent among younger respondents. Soreness on waking and daytime clenching were the only symptoms significantly associated with report of pain. Pain was more commonly reported by respondents with multiple (four or five) symptoms. The results are compared with those of previous random surveys, and limitations to generalization of the present findings are discussed.
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PMID:Prevalence of temporomandibular symptoms in a large United States metropolitan area. 207 93

Forty patients with tension headache and 40 healthy comparable control persons were palpated by the same "blinded" observer. Tenderness in 10 pericranial muscles on each side was rated on a four-point scale. A Total Tenderness Score was calculated for each individual by adding the scores from all palpated areas. Headache patients had significantly higher scores than controls and also significantly higher tenderness in each point separately. Median normal values and confidence limits for tenderness are given. Among 23 patients with daily headache a correlation was found between headache intensity and Total Tenderness Score. It is likely that the pathologic tenderness in patients with tension headache is the source of nociception, but pain mechanisms are more complex, as evidenced by discrepancy between tenderness and pain in some patients. Pathologic tenderness should be a contributing criterion to the diagnosis of tension headache (muscle contraction headache).
Cephalalgia 1987 Dec
PMID:Pericranial tenderness in tension headache. A blind, controlled study. 342 25

The prevalence of craniomandibular disorders was studied in 285 17-year-old adolescents with the aid of a questionnaire and a functional examination of the masticatory system including evaluation of TMJs, masticatory muscles, mandibular mobility, and occlusion. The adolescents were followed up longitudinally two more subsequent years. Totally 27 subjects dropped out, leaving 258 for the longitudinal intraindividual comparisons. At the age of 17 a fifth of the subjects reported some symptoms involving the masticatory system, of which most were mild, according to the anamnestic index (Ai) used. Oral parafunctions were commonly reported of which nail-biting dominated. Grinding and clenching of teeth were reported by 8% and 11% respectively. Signs of mandibular dysfunction were found in 56% of the adolescents and were mostly mild according to the dysfunction index (Di) used. Girls more often had signs of mandibular dysfunction than boys. Morphologic malocclusion was recorded in 35%, unilateral contact in RP in 77%, lateral shift between RP and IP greater than or equal to 0.5 mm in 19% and mediotrusion interferences in 30% among the 17-year-olds. No significant difference between sexes was found. Of the sample 62% had either some sign or symptom of dysfunction and there was a positive relationship between the dysfunction indices used. Neither morphologic nor functional malocclusions were related to the Ai. TMJ sounds were related to palpation tenderness in the lateral pterygoid muscle and impaired mobility of the mandible. The number of masticatory muscles tender to palpation was related to reports of fatigue in the jaw, TMJ tenderness, and mediotrusion interferences. Recurrent headache was reported by about 18% of the girls and by almost 6% of the boys. Fatigue in the jaws and difficulties in chewing were commoner in those with frequent and more intensive headache. Tenderness to palpation of the masticatory muscles and impaired mandibular mobility were significantly commoner findings among those with recurrent headaches and those with more intense headache. Tooth-grinding and clenching were related to frequency but not to intensity of headache. Reports of TMJ sounds increased with age for girls who also more frequently reported recurrent headaches than boys. The prevalence of symptoms of mandibular dysfunction was about 20% each year, but there was no general increase of frequency and severity of symptoms during the observation period in spite of an incidence of 8%. The prevalence was, according to the Ai, significantly higher for 18- and 19-year-old girls than for boys. Most symptoms were mild and fluctuated longitudinally.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Craniomandibular disorders in adolescents. A longitudinal study in an urban Swedish population. 346 71

An epidemiologic group of 285 17-year-old adolescents was studied with the aid of a questionnaire for frequency and intensity of headache and for symptoms of dysfunction of the masticatory system. They were also subjected to a functional examination of the masticatory system. Recurrent headaches occurred significantly more often among the girls (18%) than the boys (6%). Girls also reported significantly more intense headaches than boys. Fatigue in the jaws and difficulties in chewing were commoner in those with frequent and more intensive headaches. Tenderness to palpation of the masticatory muscles and impaired mandibular mobility were significantly commoner findings among those with recurrent headaches and those with more intense headaches. Tooth-grinding and clenching were related to frequency but not to intensity of headache. The investigation showed a significant relationship between frequency and intensity of headaches and signs and symptoms of dysfunction of the masticatory system.
Cephalalgia 1986 Dec
PMID:Headache and dysfunction of the masticatory system in adolescents. 380 91

Oral function was evaluated in a group of 13 patients with muscle contraction headache (MCH), 7 patients with common migraine (CM) and 18 patients with 'combination headache' (CM + MCH) and in a control group of 25 normal persons who had never had a headache. Malocclusion and loss of molars were rare in both groups. Impaired denture function and joint disturbances were more frequent in the headache patients but not significantly so. Clenching and grinding teeth and tongue pressure were all significantly more common in headache patients. Tenderness of pericranial muscles was present in all headache patients with severity increasing in the order CM, MCH, CM + MCH; it was absent in all the controls. On the average 9 tender spots were found per patient. Pressure on tender spots evoked pain in other areas (referred pain) in 29 of 38 headache patients. The abnormal tonic hyperactivity in the masticatory muscles and the neck may be the cause of tenderness which again may be an important source of pain in these patients.
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PMID:Evaluation of pericranial tenderness and oral function in patients with common migraine, muscle contraction headache and 'combination headache'. 704 8

The objective of the present study was to investigate whether the reliability of tenderness evaluation can be increased by using a new technique called "pressure-controlled palpation" (pcp). The technique has been made possible by a newly invented piece of equipment called a palpometer, with which a pressure-sensitive plastic film attached to the index finger records the pressure exerted. In 15 patients with chronic tension-type headache and in 15 healthy volunteers, 2 investigators studied myofascial tenderness using conventional palpation and pressure-controlled palpation. Tenderness was scored on a 4-point scale in each of the examined pericranial regions. The sum of tenderness scores recorded by two observers using conventional palpation differed significantly (p = 0.0003), while results did not differ between observers using pressure-controlled palpation (p = 0.89). During palpation with seven different pressure intensities a positive and linear relation between pressure and pain intensity was found (p = 0.00006). Pain intensity reported by the subjects correlated highly with tenderness scored by the observer (rs = 0.95, p < 0.0001). These results demonstrate for the first time that tenderness scores can be compared between observers if palpation pressure is controlled. Pressure-controlled palpation represents a major improvement on current palpation techniques and should be standard in future research on myofascial pain disorders.
Cephalalgia 1995 Jun
PMID:Pressure-controlled palpation: a new technique which increases the reliability of manual palpation. 866 80

The clinical effects and the contraceptive effectiveness of a monophasic preparation containing 30 mg ethinylestradiol and 75 mg gestodene per tablet were assessed in a study of 115 healthy adolescents (mean age, 18.5 +or- 2 years) covering a total of 712 menstrual cycles (mean of 8 cycles per patient). There was a number of cases of discontinuation of the study (70/115), mainly due to poor discipline in tablet intake in this particular age group. Only 20 cases discontinued the study for medical reasons. No pregnancies occurred, in spite of the fact that tablets were frequently forgotten (11% of cycles). 88% of cycles presented a normal bleeding pattern from the 2nd month of treatment on. Spotting was sporadic (less than 8% from the 2nd cycle) and was mainly associated with tablet omission. Intermenstrual bleeding (breakthrough bleeding) occurred in 19% of the 1st menstrual cycles but only in 5% of the 2nd and following cycles. Tenderness of the breast was the most frequent subjective complaint (3.4% of cycles), followed by urogenital problems, headaches, and digestive disorders. However, all complaints remained sporadic (13.4% of cycles). The systolic blood pressure showed little variation, with only a slight increase from 123 to 125 mmHg after 6 months of treatment. Though not clinically important, an increase in diastolic blood pressure was observed (76-82 mmHg after 6 months). The patients showed a tendency to gain weight (54.4-56.7 kg after 6 months). It should be borne in mind, however, that this study was carried out in growing adolescents. It can be concluded, therefore, that this preparation is an effective contraceptive in spite of an inadequate use in 11% of cycles. The observed side effects were sporadic and not serious, indicating that the balance of this hormone combination was not too estrogenic or too progestogen-androgenic. Unjustified interruptions of the treatment were due to the young age and the low degree of compliance in this particular age group.
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PMID:Clinical tolerance of a combined monophasic contraceptive agent containing a low-dose of ethinyloestradiol and gestodene in adolescents. 832 45

The prevalence of oromandibular dysfunction was studied in 735 subjects from a random sample population of 1,000 subjects aged 25 to 64 years. A diagnosis of oromandibular dysfunction was based on criteria established by the International Headache Society, as a subgroup to tension-type headache. Tenderness in pericranial or jaw muscles was not included. The most common symptoms were clenching (22%) and grinding of teeth (15%). The most common sign was irregular jaw movements on opening and closing (29%). The ratio of men to women for most symptoms and signs ranged from 2:3 to 1:3. This study serves as a base in evaluating the importance of oromandibular dysfunction as a causative factor for tension-type headache.
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PMID:Prevalence of oromandibular dysfunction in a general population. 835 64


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