Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

SMS 201-995 was administered to 40 acromegalic patients, in a multicentric study. Some of the results have been analyzed from 37 patients who remained under a long term treatment. Clinical improvement was noted in most patients, especially as concerns soft tissue swelling, sweating, headache. Digestive adverse effects were noted, leading to the drop-out from the protocol (in 4 patients) or in most patients to a slight discomfort related to increasing doses. There was an effect for all the doses used (300, 600, 900, 1500 micrograms in 3 subcutaneous injections per day), compared with pretreatment values, if we consider the mean GH value of each cycle obtained under the different dosages. The highest dose was most effective than the lowest in some cases. However in most patients the 300 micrograms dose was efficient. We could not obtain normalization of GH secretion. However 22/37 patients could reach a good score as concerns the number of GH values less than 5 micrograms/l, during circadian evaluations. In 5/37 patients, the antisecretory effect was insufficient (mean GH above 50% of the pretreatment level). Reduction in tumor volume was highly significant (more than 50%) in 2/11 patients. In conclusion, this study shows the efficacy of SMS 201-995 in improving clinical signs and symptoms of acromegaly, and GH hypersecretion in approximately 80% of the patients. General and metabolic tolerance are rather good. Some points concerning tolerance remain to be investigated.
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PMID:[Effect of repeated injections of sandostatine, with increasing doses, in the treatment of 40 acromegalics. French Group for the study of Sandostatine in Acromegaly]. 305 76

There is little information available concerning whether, and to what extent, migraine-prophylactic agents interfere with the symptoms of migraine attacks. The present study is a placebo-controlled, double-blind study concerning metoprolol in classic migraine. The data refer to the symptoms of single migraine attacks. During metoprolol treatment more attacks were characterized as mild (p = 0.002), and mean global rating (an integrated estimate of headache intensity and of other discomfort) was lower (4.2 versus 5.2, p = 0.003). The mean headache intensity per attack (1.97 versus 2.15) and the mean duration (5.5 versus 6.8 h) were not significantly different. Consumption of analgesics per attack was lower during metoprolol treatment (0.6 versus 1.1; p = 0.02). Attacks with associated symptoms accompanying the headache were fewer during metoprolol treatment (p = 0.014). Total visual and non-visual aura symptoms occurred with similar frequency, but scintillations and paraesthesia were more frequent during metoprolol treatment, whereas speech disturbances were less frequent. In spite of lower consumption of analgesics, the symptoms appeared milder during metoprolol than during placebo. The pattern of changes indicates that metoprolol exerts its action via the sympathetic nervous system; peripheral vasoconstriction is hardly the underlying mechanism of action.
Cephalalgia 1988 Dec
PMID:Symptoms of classic migraine attacks: modifications brought about by metoprolol. 306 20

The assumption of a specific migraine-related psychophysiological response stereotype under conditions of stress, recovery and relaxation was examined in 37 migraineurs (non-headache state) and 44 normal controls. Two stressors were presented, industrial noise and a 'social discomfort' situation, each was followed by a recovery period. Relaxation was induced by verbal instructions accompanied by soft music. The following physiological measures were assessed: pulse volume amplitude (fronto-temporal and digital), skin temperature (fronto-temporal and digital) and skin resistance responses. Results showed no group differences in responses to the stressors. Physiological recovery from stress was delayed in migraineurs in the electrodermal parameter. During relaxation, migraineurs showed less digital vasodilation than the controls. Overall, physiological and subjective responses differed between the two stressors. The hypothesis of a specific vasomotor stress response stereotype in migraineurs could not be corroborated. The observed differences in relaxation and recovery were hypothesized. But the overall results are not easily explained on the grounds of a coherent model (e.g. elevated sympathetic arousal level).
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PMID:Psychophysiological reactivity of migraine sufferers in conditions of stress and relaxation. 307 15

Twenty persons with chronic low back pain participated in a clinical study to evaluate the effects of gravity traction. Each subject was instructed in the use of three devices, two for inversion and one for upright suspension traction. Baseline pulse and rate blood pressure were recorded before and after traction. Periods of traction did not exceed 20 minutes. The order of use of the devices was randomized. Each participant was monitored for significant side effects and was questioned to determine which device was best tolerated, easiest to use, or caused changes in back symptoms. Lateral lumbar spine radiographs were taken with the subject in the standing position and after varying periods of inversion. Observations included the following: An average increase in blood pressure of 17.2 systolic (range 4-34) and 16.4 diastolic (range 2-50) while in the inverted position. An average decrease in heart rate of 16.4 beats per minute (range, 4-32). No significant physiologic changes of blood pressure or pulse were observed in patients using GLR suspension traction; distraction of the lower lumbar intervertebral spaces (range, 0.3 to 4.0 mm) with inverted traction in all cases; side effects including periorbital and pharyngeal petechiae (one patient), persistent headaches (three patients), persistent blurred vision (three patients), and contact lense discomfort (one patient); and improvement of low back symptoms in 13 of the 16 symptomatic patients. Although these devices make lumbar traction practical in a home setting, their use should be under medical supervision because of possible side effects.
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PMID:Inversion devices: their role in producing lumbar distraction. 315 39

The care of burns to the head, face, and neck remains a challenge to the clinician. From 1978 to 1986, halo traction was used as an immobilizing device and as a protective frame for 31 patients with burns to the head (n = 8), face (n = 24), and neck (n = 28). The patients ranged in age from 8 months to 80 years (mean = 16 years) and had second- and third-degree burns covering a total body surface area of 8% to 75% (mean = 28%). The halo was used for an average of eight days (range one to 19 days) and served to immobilize and protect areas of fresh skin grafts, as well as to elevate and protect scalp donor sites (n = 10). Traction was initially used in patients who were confused and uncooperative, and in patients whose burns involved the neck to provide extension for prophylaxis against contractures. Treatment side effects included intermittent headache and backache, the latter occurring especially in the patients subjected to hyperextension. Eight patients (26%) complained of discomfort, which was reduced with adequate analgesia, sedation, and emotional support. The halo had to be removed from one patient after one day because of a loose pin, and in another patient after eight days because of the development of cellulitis at a pin site. Halo immobilization was used successfully to minimize graft loss in 30 of 31 patients.
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PMID:Halo immobilization in the treatment of burns to the head, face, and neck. 328 35

After a brief description of the newest and special form of motion sickness known as "space sickness" arising in space flight, and the various hypotheses on its aetiopathogenesis, motion sickness in general and the air or plane sickness deriving from atmospheric flying are discussed. The aetiopathogenesis of air sickness derives from abnormal stimulations that are primarily vestibular but also visual and somesthesic, and generated by irregular movements or variations in attitude of the plane. Reflex action than produces effects that are primarily neurovegetative (nausea, vomiting, pallor, scialorrhea, sweating, bradycardia) and neuropsychological (depression, drowsiness, headache, discomfort and general debility with altered cenesthesia). After a description of the symptoms, the prevention and treatment of air sickness are discussed.
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PMID:[Motion sickness in the aerospace environment]. 331 14

A 79-year-old woman was admitted to hospital complaining of chest pain, increasing weakness, anorexia, hoarseness, headache and discomfort in the throat and jaws while eating. Physical examination, chest x-rays, serial electrocardiograms and cardiac enzymes were unremarkable. After admission she developed weakness and numbness in the left leg with urinary retention, decreased sensation to touch, weakness, increased tone, absent deep tendon reflexes and a positive Babinski sign on the left. Zeta sedimentation rate was markedly elevated at 0.63. Computerized tomographic head scan, myelography, echocardiography, barium swallow and meal, immunoglobulins, electrophoresis and other laboratory investigations were unremarkable. Repeat sedimentation rate was still markedly elevated three weeks later. A temporal artery biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of temporal or giant cell arteritis. Prednisone, 60 mg daily, was started.
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PMID:Acute chest pain in an elderly woman. 337 98

In this work, we tried to correlate the usefulness of the Koup nomogram for dosage prediction of continuous theophylline Dm therapy as compared with the usual method of dosification. To do this, a first group of 20 patients (5 with chronic bronchitis and 15 with bronchial asthma) without clinical or biochemical evidence of hepatic or heart disease (3 with smoking habit), were chosen. They were given a loading dose of theophylline 5 mg/kg over 30 min (as aminophylline). A blood sample was then taken after six hours. The result of this value and in accordance with the nomogram determines the individual oral dose of theophylline administered to attain a serum concentration of 10 mg/ml. The oral dose of theophylline, based according to Hendeles was given to another group of 16 asthmatic patients without smoking habit and clinical or biochemical signs of hepatic or heart disease. Two commercial preparations of theophylline were chosen (Theolair or Theodur). We concluded that: 1) Koup's nomogram is useful in estimating the dose requirement of oral theophylline to reach 10 mcg/ml (Css) at steady state, although it could not be useful in greater Css. 2) Among the patients given the dose according to Hendeles, 37.5% showed toxic serum concentrations. 3) Therapeutic serum concentrations could be obtained in the greater number of patients with twice daily doses, independently of the commercial product. 4) A great number of subjects showed the side effects (discomfort of the stomach, irritability, headache) which appeared to have little direct relationship to serum concentration.
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PMID:Clinical utility of the single point method for theophylline maintenance dose prediction. 344 76

One hundred fifty-seven patients, 126 women and 24 men, 10 to 75 years of age, completed a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire contained questions asking about the patients' chief complaint, treatment received before coming to the clinic, the patients' view of their problem, and who informed them of the possible end result of an untreated "TMJ problem." The results revealed that pain was the most commonly reported complaint (54%), discomfort and headache came second and third (52.2% and 46.5%, respectively). A significant correlation was found between inability to chew and pain, discomfort, tightness in the masticatory muscles, and locking and clicking of the joint. Most patients had received three or more types of treatment before coming to the University of Michigan, TMJ and Oral Facial pain Clinic. A significant correlation was found between an increased number of reported symptoms and an increase in the number of treatments. The most frequently used treatment methods were pain medication, mouth guard (appliances), and occlusal adjustment. Most patients (84.1%) were referred to the TMJ and Oral Facial Pain Clinic by dentists because of clicking, locking, and limitation of movement, with or without pain.
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PMID:Concerns of patients seeking treatment for TMJ dysfunction. 346 45

Information from animal studies has demonstrated the harmful effects of zinc supplementation on copper transport. Although some studies have been carried out in humans, the effect on humans has not been as well documented as the effect on animals. Forty-seven healthy volunteers (26 women and 21 men) took part in a double-blind cross-over trial which lasted for 12 weeks. The subjects were asked to take 50 mg of elemental zinc (as 220 mg zinc sulphate) or placebo, three times a day for six weeks. Venous blood was collected for the analysis of plasma levels of copper and zinc. Symptoms, which included headaches, abdominal cramps, nausea, loss of appetite and vomiting, were registered from 84% of women and 18% of men. Six female volunteers discontinued the trial; five owing to gastric irritation and one owing to consistent headaches. Plasma zinc levels rose significantly in both men and women, the increase being 36% and 57%, respectively. Plasma copper levels did not change significantly. Our study suggests that the gastric discomfort that is associated with zinc supplementation may be related to body weight as symptoms were reported from the lower-weight volunteers. Our study also shows no detrimental effect of 150 mg of zinc a day on plasma copper levels in healthy volunteers over a period of six weeks.
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PMID:The effect of zinc supplements on plasma zinc and copper levels and the reported symptoms in healthy volunteers. 354 53


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