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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a multicenter, open-label evaluation, 1098 patients with ocular itching and a history of perennial or seasonal allergic conjunctivitis instilled one drop of nedocromil sodium 2% twice daily in each eye. Ocular symptoms, signs, and global improvement were assessed at baseline and 1 month; satisfaction scores, quality-of-life variables, and adverse events were also recorded. Significant improvements from baseline (P<.012) occurred in mean severity scores for itching, burning, stinging, watering, swelling, tired eyes, dryness, gritty sensation, eye pain, foreign-body sensation, and light sensitivity. Physicians reported significant reductions (P<.0001) in bulbar conjunctival redness and swelling. Two thirds of patients (634/954) and three fourths of physicians (710/954) reported at least 75% improvement in overall condition after 1 month. The most common adverse events were burning (2.7%) and unpleasant taste (1.4%); headache (1.2%) and adverse events leading to discontinuation (1.3%) were rare. Patients reported significant improvement (P<.001) in their ability to perform daily activities; 65% were more satisfied with nedocromil than with their typical medication. Physicians would prescribe nedocromil again to 80% of the patients. Nedocromil sodium 2% twice daily was effective and safe for the treatment of symptoms of allergic conjunctivitis, significantly improving quality of life and producing high rates of user and physician satisfaction.
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PMID:Nedocromil sodium ophthalmic solution 2% twice daily in patients with allergic conjunctivitis. 1206 70

Dengue fever, caused by four serotypes of a mosquito-borne virus, is a growing problem in tropical countries. Currently, there is no treatment or vaccine. We evaluated safety and immunogenicity of two doses, given six months apart, of seven formulations of dengue tetravalent live-attenuated vaccine (containing different concentrations of the component viruses) versus placebo in 59 flavivirus-seronegative Thai adults. The first dose was the more reactogenic. Most volunteers experienced clinically moderate fever, headache, myalgia, eye pain or rash 7-11 days after injection, generally lasting three days or less. Modest decreases in platelets and neutrophils were observed. After one dose, 58% of dengue recipients seroconverted (neutralizing antibody level > or = 1:10) against > or = 3 serotypes; 35% seroconverted against all four. After the second dose, seroconversion was 76% and 71%, respectively. All subjects seroconverted to serotype 3 after one dose. Serotype 4 elicited the lowest primary response but the highest increase in seroconversion after the second dose.
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PMID:Safety and immunogenicity of tetravalent live-attenuated dengue vaccines in Thai adult volunteers: role of serotype concentration, ratio, and multiple doses. 1213 19

This study presents data on the clinical characteristics and possible mechanisms of the phantom eye syndrome in 112 patients after removal of one eye. The prevalence of phantom eye pain was 26%, nonpainful phantom sensations 29%, and visual hallucinations 31%. Headaches and preoperative eye pain were associated with the presence of phantom experiences. These results suggest that pain is an important cofactor for the development of phantom eye phenomena.
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PMID:Phantom eye syndrome: Its prevalence, phenomenology, and putative mechanisms. 1274 51

Neurologists should be aware of the following causes of eye pain: (1)ocular and orbital disorders with or without visible pathology of the eye (eg,redness, corneal opacity, or proptosis); (2) ophthalmologic syndromes associated with headache; and (3) headache syndromes associated with ophthalmologic findings.
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PMID:Painful ophthalmologic disorders and eye pain for the neurologist. 1506 29

We present a 43-year-old immunocompetent man who developed meningitis caused by Pseudallescheria boydii. The patient had no history of near drowning, trauma, steroid administration, operations or any other underlying systemic disease. He presented with intermittent fever associated with headache, bilateral eye pain, and vomiting. Progressive hydrocephalus was noted during the course of the disease. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the ventricular system allowed culture of the organism. Although the disease was diagnosed antemortemly, the patient died after antifungal treatment. This case is reported because of the unusual pathogen, unresponsiveness to amphotericin B combined with 5-fluocytocin, and immunocompetence of the patient without any predisposing factors.
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PMID:Meningitis caused by Pseudallescheria boydii. 1514 2

Ophthalmologists are often the first physicians to evaluate patients with headaches, eye pain, and headache-associated visual disturbances. Although ophthalmic causes are sometimes diagnosed, most eye pain and many types of visual disturbances are neurologic in origin. Afferent and efferent symptoms and signs are associated with headache disorders. This article reviews the primary headache disorders and focuses on their ophthalmic manifestations. The major divisions are migraine and the trigeminal autonomic cephalgias.
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PMID:The eye and headache. 1533 93

A 45-year-old HIV-positive man receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) presented with 6 weeks of right-sided headache and right eye pain. He had been diagnosed seropositive 2 years previously and screened negative for syphilis at that time. Examination demonstrated focal anterior scleritis with underlying retinitis and a mild vitritis. He was found to have positive syphilis serology and further investigations were consistent with neurosyphilis. Parenteral penicillin was commenced with prompt clinical response. This initial presentation of syphilis as acute scleritis emphasizes the need for thorough work-up of immunocompromised patients with inflammatory ocular disease.
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PMID:Syphilis presenting as scleritis in an HIV-positive man undergoing immune reconstitution. 1549 66

Six patients with intracavernous carotid artery aneurysms (ICCAAns) were seen at our department from 1998 to 2002. All patients had only one intracranial aneurysm and their ages at diagnosis ranged from 36 to 72 years (median 56). Five were women and four had a history of hypertension. One patient was pregnant. All of the ICCAAns were symptomatic at diagnosis. Duration of symptoms was 2-30 days. On admission to our department, initial symptom was headache in four patients, visual loss in two, eye pain in one, third nerve paresis in two and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in one. Spontaneous thrombosis was present in two patients. All of the ICCAAns were saccular. Computed tomography (CT) was superior when compared with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosis of ICCAAns on admission. Angiography remains the gold standard for diagnosis and determination of specific anatomical details, which are necessary to plan treatment.
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PMID:Intracavernous carotid artery aneurysms. 1551 63

Optic neuritis (ON) refers to any inflammatory disorder of the optic nerve. In clinical practice ON is mainly diagnosed by ophthalmologists and less frequently by neurologists. ON diagnostic criteria are included in different classification systems both in neurologic and ophthalmologic fields. Diagnosis of ON is still very unsatisfactory. Indeed diagnostic criteria are not uniform and therefore the diagnosis is still mainly formulated according to the clinical experience only. A consensus on practice guidelines for ON diagnosis might be useful. Ocular pain is a milestone in ON diagnosis, but it is too often mistreated by both the patient and the clinician. The International Headache Society (IHS) Classification of Headache Disorders provides in its 1988 and 2004 versions the diagnostic criteria for ON. These criteria are not spread and followed by the large majority of neurologists, but they are mainly applied by the experts in headache disorders. On the other hand, ON is a disorder widely encountered by neurologists and ophthalmologists. The latest IHS version defines the criteria of the pain features more precisely, but it is still unsatisfactory. In a future revision, the pain should be further detailed. Further studies aimed at validation of the diagnostic criteria of ON are strongly needed.
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PMID:Controversies in optic neuritis pain diagnosis. 1592 26

We report here the results of the study using CAI compared to the hard copy for study of lessons in parasitology. We evaluated the CAI compared to hard copy lessons in 60 students, attending the third-year parasitology course at Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand. The students were randomly divided into two groups (30 each). The lessons tested were Ascaris lumbricoides and Enterobius vermicularis, which were prepared as CAI and hard copy form. Using a cross-over design, the first group was provided CAI form on the topic of A. lumbricoides, then switched to hard copy form on the topic of E. vermicularis. The second group was provided hard copy form on the topic of A. lumbricoides, then switched to CAI form on the topic of E. vermicularis. After 30 minute reading, the 10-multiple choice question test was provided for each topic. There was no significant difference of the scores between 2 groups. The most students (91.67%) had more satisfaction when using CAI compared to hard copy in terms of easy to use, convenient to use, less time consuming, more understandable, more attractive to read, and less stress for study. There were 32.8% students complaining that reading hard copy was boring. Other comments were stress when reading (2%), more difficult (17.2%) and more time needed to search specific information (17.2%), and wasting papers (17.2%). However 58.6% still complained problems when using CAL. About 25% had physical discomfort (e.g. Headache, eye pain), and 25% had difficulty to access to use CAI (e.g. no computers available, problems with computer or network error). We suggested that instructors should create and improve CAI lessons in biomedical sciences both in quantity and quality (e.g. content with details, pictures, narrations).
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PMID:Computer-assisted instruction in parasitology: a cross-over design. 1662 31


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