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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The causes of chronic, recurrent headaches, the electroencephalographic findings and the response to phenytoin (Dilantin) and other medications have been evaluated in 100 children. A history of head injury was reported in 41% and convulsions had occurred in 15%. Electroencephalographic dysrhythmias were severe in 18 and moderate in 27%. Migraine was diagnosed in 42% and tension headaches in 18%; psychogenic factors complicated learning disabilities and minimal brain dysfunction in 21%. Phenytoin controlled migraine in 77% and headaches diagnosed as seizure equivalents in 40%; the response was unrelated to the degree of electroencephalographic abnormality. An abnormal electroencephalogram and response to phenytoin are insufficient criteria for a diagnosis of epilepsy in children with recurrent headaches.
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PMID:Recurrent headaches in 100 children. Electroencephalographic abnormalities and response to phenytoin (Dilantin). 63 3

Five cases, four histologically proved, or hamartoma of the tuber cinereum and hypothalamus in children (age range: 2--12 years) are reported. Three cases had pubertas praecox, and in all of these the hamartoma was located in the basal cistern between the chiasm and pons, and had a collar button shape and size typical of hamartoma of the tuber cinereum. In the third case, which presented with headache, a huge calcified mass in the suprasellar region was initially thought to be craniopharyngioma. The fourth case had a hamartoma within the substance of the hypothalamus and presented with hyponatremia and temporal lobe seizures.
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PMID:Radiologic findings of hamartomas of the tuber cinereum and hypothalamus. 66 60

In a 11-year-old girl with urinary tract infection symptoms and signs of Henoch-Schoenlein syndrome developed with neurological complications in the form of headaches, vomiting slightly marked signs of pyramidal tract and cerebellar damage and severe psychomotor temporal-lobe seizures. These very violent neurological manifestations disappeared completely after control of infection. The authors point out that prognosis in Henoch-Schoenlein syndrome even with such severe neurological complications is good.
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PMID:[Case of Henoch-Schoenlein purpura with neurological complications]. 67 27

The remote results of balloon occlusion of the afferent vessels of widely-spread arteriovenous aneurysms in 50 patients are discussed. The average follow-up period was 4 1/2 years. A favourable result was noted in 21 of 30 patients with epileptic seizures. Recurrent hemorrhages developed in 3 of 36 patients who had one or more intracranial hemorrhages before the operation. Headache was relieved in the patients after the operation.
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PMID:[Late results of balloon occlusion of the afferent vessels of arteriovenous aneurysms]. 67 25

Fifteen children, aged 0.3 to 10.5 years (mean 3.8 years) after repair of coarctation of the aorta, underwent cerebral arteriography as part of postoperative catheterization. Four manifested central nervous system symptoms postoperative catheterization. Four manifested central nervous system symptoms postoperatively: Two had persistent headaches, one had exercise-induced hemianopsia and one had major motor seizures. All four had greater blood pressure in the right arm than in the left and evidence of subclavian steal, with retrograde filling of the left vertebral and left subclavian arteries on selective right vertebral arteriography. Ligation of the left vertebral artery in three patients and left subclavian graft arterioplasty in one resulted in disappearance of symptoms. None of the 11 asymptomatic patients manifested cerebrovascular anomalies, and no patient in the series had berry aneurysm. This study suggests that patients with central nervous system symptoms and a disparity of blood pressure in the arms after surgery for coarctation of the aorta should be evaluated carefully to exclude subclavian steal as the cause of the symptoms.
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PMID:Cerebrovascular abnormalities in postoperative coarctation of aorta. Four cases demonstrating left subclavian steal on aortography. 67 42

A unique association of Sturge-Weber syndrome and atlanto-occipital assimilation is presented. A 18-year-old male was admitted in emergency because of the sudden severe headache and vomiting. He had vascular nevus in the right half of the face at birth and several episodes of generalized convulsive seizures. On admission craniogram demonstrated calcification in the right occipital area. Neurological examination revealed tenderness in the nuchal region, moderate limitation of cervical mobility in a antero-posterior direction, Bruns-Cushing type nystagmus, bilaterally diminished gag reflex, and positive Romberg's test. Spinal tap showed crystal clear CSF with normal pressure. EEG showed paroxysmal slowing focus in the right parieto-occipital area. Polytomography of the craniovertebral junction demonstrated the unilateral atlanto-occipital assimilation on the left associated with the aplasia of the right posterior arch. Myelography was negative. A right carotid angiography disclosed the dilatation of the basal vein of Rosenthal and abnormal venous vasculature. CT-scan demonstrated the calcified region of the right occipital area more distinctly than the plain roentogenogram, but the enhancement study of the leptomeningeal angioma of the Sturge-Weber syndrome was negative. Never been found this rare association in a review of the literature, the authors discussed the clinical and radiological findings of both diseases.
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PMID:[Sturge-Weber syndrome associated with atlanto-occipital assimilation: a report of a case (author's transl)]. 68 66

Alternating hemiplegia in children is a rare form of "complicated" migraine. There are a number of similarities to seizure disorders and correct diagnosis may prove difficult. The clinical features of 6 patients with alternating hemiplegia are presented together with the results of electrophysiological, radiological, and biochemical studies. While there were a number of clinical similarities between the patients, extensive investigations failed to demonstrate significant abnormalities. Although a diagnosis of a seizure disorder was suggested at some time in all of the patients, in only 2 was it certain there was a fit. Headaches occurred in the eldest patient (although not always with a hemiplegic attach) while in the younger patients misery often accompanied their attacks. Intellectual status was impaired in 5 patients, although in 2 of these the cause was most likely to be perinatal difficulties. Response to various forms of treatment was generally not encouraging and concern is expressed that this alternating hemiplegia of childhood may carry an unfavourable prognosis.
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PMID:Alternating hemiplegia: complicated migraine of infancy. 70 3

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis is an acute febrile encephalopathy usually characterized by disordered mentation, fever, headache, and focal seizures. We have described a patient with HSV encephalitis whose initial illness was manifested solely as a seizure disorder. Consequently, the diagnosis was not made until late in the hospital course. This atypical presentation of HSV encephalitis is emphasized to facilitate recognition of this disorder and to prompt early diagnostic brain biopsy so that appropriate antiviral therapy can be instituted.
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PMID:Herpes simplex virus encephalitis: an atypical presentation. 71 94

Cavernous angiomas are rare, surgically remediable vascular malformations of the CNS that may be characterized by hemorrhage, seizures, or focal neurologic deficits. Three families with cavernous angiomas have been described, and we report two more. In the first, the mother died suddenly with headache. A pontine cavernous angioma was found at autopsy in one son. His brother has similar pontine signs and a radiographically proved pontine mass. The brother's son has seizures and a calcified cerebral lesion. In the second family, the father had a cavernous angioma excised from the caudale. One of the daughters had a hemorrhagic mass removed from the spinal cord. Another daughter has seizures and a temporal lobe vascular lesion proved angiographically. Awareness of the possibility of familial involvement may aid in diagnosis of cavernous angioma.
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PMID:Familial cavernous angiomas. 71 73

A 14 year old girl developed persistent headache of 6 weeks duration, which she described as a feeling of pressure, accompanied by dizziness, nausea and vomiting. Her EEG showed focal slow waves arising from the right temporo-occipital region. All other investigations were negative. Other medication was ineffective but she responded well to standard anticonvulsant therapy, and her EEG abnormality became minimal. In a case with focal slowing and pain and other handicapping symptoms, which do not respond to other remedies, a trial of antiepileptic medication is indicated even in the absence of clinical seizures and/or EEG evidence of seizure activity.
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PMID:Focal cerebral dysrhythmia--presenting as headache: report of a case. 72 71


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