Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical and angiographic findings in migraine are briefly reviewed in relation to cerebral hemodynamic changes shown by regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) studies. Three cases of migraine studied by the intracarotid xenon 133 method during attacks are reported. In classic migraine, with typical prodromal symptoms, a decrease in cerebral blood flow has been demonstrated during the aura. Occasionally, this flow decrease persists during the headache phase. In common migraine, where such prodromata are not seen, a flow decrease has not been demonstrated. During the headache phase of both types of migraine, rCBF has usually been found to be normal or in the high range of normal values. The high values may represent postischemic hyperemia, but are probably more frequently secondary to arousal caused by pain. Thus, during the headache phase rCBF may be subnormal, normal or high. These findings do not exclude the possibility of distension of the larger intracranial arteries during migraine headache, but the angiographic evidence, however limited, does not support this speculation.
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PMID:Cerebral hemodynamics in migraine. 59 97

Various types of disorders of the cervical region may produce headache. In many of these increased tension of the neck musculature plays an important role. The following mechanisms underlying headache are described and differentiated: 1. Headache due to faulty muscle pattern (stereotype) resulting in overstrain of the upper fixators of the shoulder girdle (upper part of the m.trapezius and levator scapulae); faulty respiration with the aid of the upper auxillary muscles even at rest is pointed out. 2. A forward drawn head position producing static overstrain in the posterior neck muscles and compensatory retroflexion of the cranio-cervical junction resulting in blockage in this region. 3. Anteflexion and ligament pain mainly due to faulty position at work and jolting. 4. Static disturbance in the frontal plain due to obliquity producing asymmetrical strain in the neck musculature. 5. Increased muscular tension due to psychological stress. 6. Blockage in the regions of the cervical spine, shoulder girdle and upper ribs with reflex muscular spasm. 7. Reflex spasm of the neck musculature in visceral disorders causing in addition blockage of the cervico-thoracic junction (heart, gall bladder). 8. Pain arising from the posterior arch of the atlas (here described for the first time). 9. Headache due to vertebral artery involvement. The type of headache seems to be determined rather by the individual mode of reaction than by the mechanism underlying it. As a rule a combination of mechanisms is actually found.
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PMID:[Pathomechanisms of cervical headaches]. 60 87

Headache of cervical origin is by no means an adequate diagnosis. The exact mechanism has to be established for the case in question. A type of cervical headache which arises from the posteriorr arch of the atlas is described. The basic finding is tenderness of this structure on palpation; the technique of palpation is described. In a majority of cases movement restriction (blockage) between the occiput and the atlase is found. The headache as described by the patient is not characteristic, migrainous attacks being present in about one-third of the cases. A frequent feature is pain on retroflexion of the head. Treatment consists of manipulation of the blockage, and infiltration or needling of the posterior arch of the atlas if there is no blockage or if pain continues after the restoration of mobility. In the more complicated cases remedial exercise is indicated. Experience with 64 cases is described.
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PMID:Pain arising in the posterior arch of the atlas. 61 15

The effects of the calcium antagonist nifedipine on uterine activity and lower abdominal pain were studied during the first menstrual day in 10 women with severe primary dysmenorrhoea. Intrauterine pressure was recorded at three different levels by means of microtransducers. Nifedipine, 20 to 40 mg given orally, within 10 to 30 minutes effectively reduced the myometrial activity and relieved the pain. A moderate increase in heart rate, and a transient facial flushing were noted. In some patients receiving 30 or 40 mg this was associated with a slight headache. Otherwise no side effects were observed. It is suggested that calcium antagonists can be used to treat primary dysmenorrhoea and other conditions in which an inhibition of uterine activity is desirable.
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PMID:Effects of nifedipine on myometrial activity and lower abdominal pain in women with primary dysmenorrhoea. 62 24

The characteristic clinical features and morphological findings of five cases of (clinically not diagnosed) fusiform aneurysm of the basilar or vertebral arteries were recurring attacks of positional occipital headache, pain and stiffness in the neck, cranial nerve disturbances, expecially oculomotor palsies and anisokoria, nystagmus, attacks of nausea, vomiting and sweating, tachycardia, pyramidal tract symptoms, and pareses. Severe hypertension had been present in four instances. The aneurysm, which is usually thrombosed, pressed against the pons and medulla oblongata as a space-occupying mass. In addition to hypertension and atheromatosis, congenital defect in the arterial wall are probably significant causative factor. To mistake an aneurysm for a cervical syndrome may be fatal to the patient.
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PMID:[Basilar or vertebral artery aneurysm as a cause of presumed cervical spine injury (author's transl)]. 63 Oct 51

Diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was made in a 25-year-old woman on the basis of unilateral third and sixth nerve paresis and possible involvement of the first branch of the ipsilateral trigeminal nerve, accompanied by headaches and ocular pain, which responded promptly to corticosteroid administration. Irregular narrowing of the right carotid siphon and occlusion of the homolateral superior ophthalmic vein were observed. During steroid therapy this stenosis improved in association with almost complete clinical recovery, although the vein was not recanalized. Of ten reported cases with contrast radiographic abnormalities, including our own, only two showed pupillary involvement. We hypothesize that the third nerve paresis with pupillary sparing in this syndrome may be attributable to the same underlying mechanism as that of diabetic ophthalmoplegia.
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PMID:Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. Arteriographic evidence of improvement in carotid narrowing. 63 55

A young male foundry worker had headache, nonproductive cough, orthopnea, formication, rigor, fever, and substernal pain after exposure to concentrated metal fumes. Examination revealed bilateral basal rales. Serial spirometry suggested a transitory restrictive impairment with persistent mild to moderate obstructive impairment. Leukocytosis, hypoxemia, and the other symptoms resolved with no therapy other than the patient's removal from the polluted area.
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PMID:Case report: metal fumes fever. 64 59

The effect of blood volume pulse (BVP) and frontalis muscle action potential (EMG) feedback on control of vasoconstriction of the temporal artery and frontalis muscle activity in combined migraine-muscle tension subjects was investigated in a multiple baseline design (across subjects and responses). The data indicated: (a) both subjects obtained an ability to control BVP during BVP feedback and EMG during EMG feedback; (b) there were decreases in frequency of migraine headaches during BVP feedback and decreases in muscle contraction headaches during EMG feedback. The results of this study supported the theoretical explanation of two pain mechanisms involved in combined muscle contraction-migraine headaches as well as the effectiveness of bio-feedback procedures that target directly the specific pain mechanism in the elimination of the two types of head pain.
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PMID:Modification of combined migraine-muscle contraction headaches using BVP and EMG feedback. 67 Jan 11

The authors report the results of treatment with a modification of acupuncture associated with chemical stimulation in 144 patients with painful radicular syndromes and headaches. In 57 cases sciatic pains were present, in 21 cases shoulder pains, in 20 migraine and in 46 vasomotor headaches. Permanent disappearance of pain, that is disappearance of pain during the procedure and lack of recurrence within several successive days, was obtained in about 40% of cases of radicular syndromes and in 62% of cases of headaches, early disappearance of pain for 3 to 48 hours after the procedure was obtained in 14% of radicular syndromes and nearly 26% headaches, while improvement, that is reduction of pain intensity, was achieved in 29.5% of radicular pains and 3% of headaches, while in 15.3% of cases of radicular syndromes and 9% of cases of headaches no improvement was observed. Both vasomotor headaches and neuralgias belong to the group of nervous system diseases in which pain is the basic and sole symptom, while treatment includes its removal. In these cases acupuncture is a valuable analgesic method. The presently reported results agree with those in the literature on the use of classical acupuncture and its modifications. It is worth stressing that insertion of needles into the traditional points used in classical acupuncture is without any greater importance was shown by the presently reported experiences (various points were used in the same case) as well as by the reports of other authors. The modification of acupuncture with addition of chemical stimulation has been tried by the authors for 4 years. A weak stimulus resulting from insertion of the needle and irritation of the nerve endings with concentrated sodium chloride acts similarly as mechanical or electrical irritation. The method is simple and completely safe.
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PMID:[Modified acupuncture in the treatment of pain]. 68 27

In 50 patients with headaches and 50 with radicular pains pain sensitivity and pain tolerance as well as personality traits (Eysenck and Cattell questionnaire) were determined and a modification of acupuncture (with additional chemical stimulation) was used for treatment. The results of treatment were compared with personality traits. Differences were found in the personality traits between patients with paroxysmal headaches and patients with radicular pains. No statistically significant correlation was found, on the other hand, between the results of treatment and personality traits. The obtained results were best in the group of patients with paroxysmal headaches (permanent analgesic effect obtained in 70% of cases). The results of treatment obtained in the group of patients with continuous headaches and with radicular pains were similar. In patients with a lower threshold of pain sensitivity a higher proportion of permanent disappearance of pain was observed after treatment, and this observation may be useful for establishing indications to this therapy. Lack of any influence of personality traits on the result of this modified acupuncture may suggest that the basic analgesic action of these procedure is at lower levels of the nervous system and that it causes blockade of inflow of pain stimuli.
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PMID:[Type of pain, personality traits and effectiveness of modified acupuncture]. 68 28


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