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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The author presented a case of a girl, aged 10, with total ophthalmoplegia of the right eye, recurring 4 times. The onset of the disease was preceded by nausea, vomits and headache. The symptoms of the palsy released spontaneously after 2-3 weeks.
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PMID:[A case of recurrent total ophthalmoplegia]. 789 86

A patient with a history of migraine without aura developed a complete left III nerve palsy a day after the onset of bilateral throbbing headache associated with vegetative symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a hemorrhagic pituitary adenoma as the probable cause of the symptoms, presumably by a compressive mechanism. This case suggests a further possible cause of ophthalmoplegia associated with migraine and confirms the clinical utility of magnetic resonance imaging in the differential diagnosis of ophthalmoplegic migraine and other conditions in which the symptomatology is secondary to intracranial lesions.
Headache 1994 Sep
PMID:Ophthalmoplegic migraine-like syndrome due to pituitary apoplexy. 796 Jul 35

A 73-year-old man developed acute, painful, ophthalmoplegia. The pain improved with oral steroids and a diagnosis of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome was made. Review of his angiogram revealed a low flow dural arteriovenous shunt that drained posteriorly. Dural arteriovenous shunts may thus be another cause of "sinister" Tolosa-Hunt syndrome.
Headache 1994 Oct
PMID:Low flow dural arteriovenous shunt: another cause of "sinister" Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. 800 26

A 17-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital because of drowsiness, diplopia and gait difficulty. She had been well until ten days before admission when fever, drowsiness, headache and general fatigue developed. On admission, there were drowsiness, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia and hyporeflexia. CSF cells and anti-CMV antibody titers increased. CMV-DNA was detected in the CSF by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Serum anti-GQ1b antibody was positive. During recovery, forced laughing temporarily appeared. The neurological symptoms disappeared completely. CSF anti-CMV antibody titers became normalized and CSF CMV-DNA-PCR became negative. This is the first case report of Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis associated with CMV infection.
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PMID:[Bickerstaff's brainstem encephalitis associated with cytomegalovirus infection]. 802 40

A 65-year-old white female presented with the sudden onset of headaches, bilateral ptosis, and complete ophthalmoplegia. Other than a mild decrease in mental status, she was neurologically intact. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) examinations showed a midline hemorrhage extending from the caudal diencephalon to the pontomesencephalic junction affecting the oculomotor complex, the medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF), and the rostral parapontine reticular formation (PPRF). Ischemic changes were also noted in the midline pontine tegmentum possibly affecting root fibers from the abducens nuclei. Angiography was negative for a vascular anomaly. The radiologic findings are correlated with current models of oculomotor organization to provide an explanation for this patient's unique clinical presentation.
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PMID:Ophthalmoplegia with bilateral ptosis secondary to midbrain hemorrhage. A case with clinical and radiologic correlation. 811 50

The authors report on the case of a 32 year old woman treated with prednisone and diphenylsulfon for a multi-visceral sarcoidosis; headache and progressive oculomotor paralysis revealed an expansive lesion of the left cavernous sinus extending to the temporal fossa. C.T. scan, M.R.I., and angiographic data as well as the intra-operative findings evoked the diagnosis of meningioma. Pathological findings showed an epithelioid and gigantocellular granuloma without caseous necrosis, corresponding to a sarcoidosic lesion. After the operation, the increase of steroid doses was followed by a complete regression of the tumoral remnants, and total clinical recovery. In a patient having a previously diagnosed sarcoidosis with evidence of an intracranial tumor mimicking a meningioma, steroids should be first prescribed. Efficacy of steroids on sarcoid granulomas is often dramatic; surgical approach would be discussed in case of ineffective steroid therapy, of persisting questionnable diagnosis, and of tumoral threatening compression.
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PMID:[Sphenocavernous localization of meningeal neurosarcoidosis. Apropos of a case and review of the literature]. 824 16

Partial ophthalmoplegia due to third nerve palsy with an intact pupil is a frequent cause of diploplia observed in diabetic patients. Pupillary muscle involvement, such as anisocoria and loss of light reflex, is usually uncommon in this diabetic cranial mononeuropathy. A 65-year-old woman with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) suddenly developed a severe headache and diplopla. Right oculomotor nerve palsy was observed in association with anisocoria, ptosis of the right lid, and a defective light reflex. No exophthalmos or vascular bruit was observed in the right orbital region. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance images of the head were negative. Cerebral angiography revealed a carotid cavernous sinus fistula (CCF). The patient was successfully treated with external carotid artery embolization combined with radiation. It is well known that pupil sparing in oculomotor nerve palsy predicts an extraaxial ischemic lesion, while pupil involvement predicts an extraaxial compression lesion. Therefore, pupillary involvement in oculomotor nerve palsy in diabetic patients necessitates cerebrovascular investigation to rule out ICPC aneurysm or tumor. In this circumstance, a variant type of CCF without characteristic ocular signs should be included in the differential diagnosis.
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PMID:[A case of NIDDM associated with oculomotor palsy due to atypical carotid cavernous sinus fistula]. 827 44

A 67-year-old woman experienced a severe headache and vomiting. A computed tomographic (CT) scan showed a mild subarachnoid hemorrhage. Cerebral angiography revealed a saccular aneurysm at the apex of the basilar artery. Several days later, she noticed mild hemiparesis of the left extremities. She underwent a clipping operation on the aneurysm by approaching from the right temporal love. Postoperatively, she developed diplopia and dilatation of the left pupil. Cerebral angiography revealed an occlusion of the left posterior cerebral artery. She was admitted to another hospital in order to continue rehabilitation. General physical examination was normal. Neurological examination revealed paralysis of the left medial and left inferior rectus muscles and palsy of the left inferior oblique muscle. The pupil of the left eye was dilated, measuring 5 mm in diameter, and it did not constrict to any stimuli. The left superior rectus and levator palpebrae superioris functioned normally. Visual acuity and visual fields were normal except for the influence of a senile cataract. She had a mild left hemiparesis, slight left ataxia and slurred speech. She had numbness of the left half of the body. A CT scan showed small low density areas in the right thalamus and left cerebellar hemisphere. Her ophthalmologic findings were compatible with the inferior branch palsy of the oculomotor nerve. The ophthalmoplegia of this case seems to be due to partial damage of the oculomotor nerve induced by ischemia of vascular supply. It is supposed to be caused by a vasospasm of the left posterior cerebral artery following a clipping operation of the basilar apex aneurysm.
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PMID:[Inferior branch palsy of the oculomotor nerve following clipping of basilar apex aneurysm]. 831 94

MRI using gadolinium contrast material can demonstrate lesions in cranial nerves. Tumors and inflammatory lesions have been described. There is little published information on MRI of cranial nerves in patients with migraine headaches with ophthalmoplegia. We present a case of ophthalmoplegic migraine with a cranial nerve abnormality which was subsequently shown to improve as the patient clinically improved. Implications from this finding are discussed in relation to the pathophysiology of ophthalmoplegic migraine.
Headache 1993 May
PMID:MRI findings in a case of ophthalmoplegic migraine. 832 96

Pituitary apoplexy is a clinical syndrome of headache, visual deficits, ophthalmoplegia, and alteration in mental status resulting from the sudden hemorrhage or infarction of a pituitary adenoma. Infarction of a normal gland also may occur in certain circumstances. Its manifestations are variable, ranging from a clinically benign event to a catastrophic presentation with permanent neurologic deficits or even death. It frequently mimics other intracranial processes and, without a high index of suspicion, may be difficult to diagnose. Radiographic studies, particularly CT and MR imaging, are helpful for diagnosis in both the acute and subacute settings. In its most fulminant presentation, prompt neurosurgical decompression is necessary to preserve sight and life. Corticosteroid replacement is also essential in the acute phase because of the high incidence of adrenal insufficiency. Fortunately, however, with proper management most patients may have good outcomes.
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PMID:Pituitary apoplexy. 832 88


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