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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A headache disorder with shortlasting, frequently occurring (6-18/24 hours) head pain attacks is reported. The pain is excruciatingly severe, unilateral (always on the same side), unaccompanied by visual phenomena, nausea/vomiting, but accompanied by nasal congestion and lacrimation on the symptomatic side. The maximum pain is felt in the temporal region, although during severe attacks the entire hemicranium is involved through the neck, shoulder and homolateral arm in a diffuse way. The attack pattern differs clearly from that of cluster headache both with regard to atrack frequency and the long term temporal pattern. In addition to blood and urine parameters and supplementary neurological/neuroradiological investigations, the following parameters were studied: Urinary histamine excretion (partly increased), kinin parameters (occasionally increased blood kinin and reduced blood kininogen), and corneal indentation pulse amplitudes (attack-induced increase, as in regular cluster headache). The following parameters rendered normal results: prostaglandins, cerebral blood flow, fluorescein appearance time, intrathecal pressure during and between attacks, and muscle biopsy with immunological investigation. The pain attacks can be abolished by continuous indomethacin medication. In spite of the ocular findings it has in common with cluster headache, this headache seems to differ from cluster headache.
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PMID:A new (?) Clinical headache entity "chronic paroxysmal hemicrania" 2. 78 40

The prevalence of respiratory and other health problems in a cohort of highway toll booth workers was surveyed by mailed questionnaire. In a low proportion of respondents (43.2%), a high prevalence of central nervous system complaints (headaches, irritability, or anxiety, and unusual tiredness), mucous membrane irritation (eye irritation, nasal congestion, and dry throat), and musculoskeletal problems (joint and back pains) was found. We believe these symptoms are reflective of the acute irritant and central nervous system effects of exposure to motor vehicle exhaust. The musculoskeletal complaints are likely the result of bending, reaching, and leaning out of the toll booth. The need for in-depth evaluation of the ventilation systems and the ergonomic and job stressors of work at toll booths is suggested by these results.
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PMID:A health survey of toll booth workers. 138 57

Thirty-eight workers from a factory producing nickel-cadmium and other types of batteries came to us for medical evaluation. They included 21 women and 17 men (seniority 2-20 years, age range 31-63 years), and represented a self-selected subset of 700-900 ever-employed and 200+ recently or currently employed workers in the factory. Thirty-four worked on the nickel-cadmium assembly line. Symptoms and signs included: headache in 34; weakness, fatigue and lassitude in 26; dizziness in 16; pruritus and skin eruptions in 37; gingivitis, teeth loss and caries in 34; nasal congestion, nosebleeds and anosmia in 30; cough, phlegm production, wheezing and shortness of breath in 26; "asthma" in 14; bone pain in 18; urinary frequency, beta 2 microglobulinuria and kidney stones in 17; and sterility or multiple abortions (33) in 8 of 21 women. One additional patient had died from an "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-like syndrome", while CT scans in six workers revealed brain atrophy. One other worker had leukemia, and two had died from cancer (lung and pancreas). Those who had worked for more than 10 years had more symptoms and signs than shorter-term employees, especially neurological illness, bone pain and urinary tract problems, including beta 2 microglobulinuria. Past blood and urinary cadmium levels were in the range of 1.6-8.7 micrograms/dl and 8-306 micrograms/l, respectively. Our findings indicated that: a) health risks for workers were not confined to the nickel-cadmium assembly line or to older workers, b) hazardous exposures still existed and illness appeared in new workers after a clean-up and intervention program, and c) exposures involved increased risks for renal disease and cancers. Finally, there is a need to control exposures and determine health risks in the full cohort of those ever employed, in the workers' children, and in the surrounding environment (air, ground, water) due to the dumping of waste from the plant.
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PMID:Medical findings in nickel-cadmium battery workers. 142 13

This is the first report in Israel of the successful treatment of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL; M3) with an active metabolite of vitamin A. In a 42-year-old woman with APL all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA; tretinoin), 45 mg/m2/day was given per os for 90 days. APL is associated with a distinct cytogenetic abnormality: translocation of a portion of the long arm chromosome 17 onto the long arm chromosome 15t (15; 17) with a breakpoint on chromosome 17 in the region of the retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RAR-alpha), playing a crucial role in the leukemogenesis of APL. In man, the drug induces myeloid and mainly promyelocytic leukemic cells to differentiate, without the development of bone marrow hypoplasia. In our patient it caused complete remission and the disappearance of intravascular disseminated coagulation. The only side-effects were a transient macular rash, gastrointestinal symptoms and mild hypertriglyceridemia. Other principal adverse effects reported in the literature are relatively not very serious and consist of dryness of the skin, occasional headaches and intracranial hypertension, nasal congestion, lymphadenopathy, respiratory distress with infiltrates in the lung, bone pain and increased hepatic aminotransferase. A hyperleukocytosis syndrome seems to be more problematic. ATRA appears to be superior to conventional chemotherapeutic regimens. It is safe and highly effective in inducing clinical, morphologic and karyotypic remission with a marked decrease in the expression of the abnormal RAR-message in APL. There is a possible molecular link between the pathogenesis and treatment of this severe and often fatal coagulopathic disease. This therapy of course does not eradicate the leukemic clone, and consolidation chemotherapy or bone marrow transplantation is necessary.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Remission of acute promyelocytic leukemia after all-trans-retinoic acid]. 148 98

An accurate history is essential to the diagnosis of chronic sinusitis. Patients classically present with several weeks of daily facial pain or pressure between the eyes, headache, nasal congestion, postnasal drip, ear pain or blockage, and fatigue. The headache in chronic sinusitis is usually worse in the morning and following head movement. Purulent nasal discharge, spiking fever, an elevated white blood cell count, and intense, brief headache associated with nausea and vomiting are uncommon. Palpation, transillumination of the sinuses and anterior rhinoscopy are of minimal value in making the diagnosis. Fiberoptic nasopharyngoscopy can be used to identify the source of sinus discharge and the cause of obstruction. Although plain sinus radiographs are useful in diagnosing and monitoring acute sinusitis, they are of limited value in confirming chronic sinusitis. The sinuses are better imaged with computed tomographic scanning. Prolonged antibiotic therapy, in combination with decongestants and steroids, is usually effective for chronic sinusitis. In recalcitrant cases, sinus surgery may be necessary.
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PMID:Chronic sinusitis: an update. 157 14

A double-blind comparative study of the nonionic contrast medium iopentol and the ionic contrast medium metrizoate for urography was carried out in 200 adult outpatients. Significantly less discomfort and other side effects were observed following iopentol than following metrizoate. No serious adverse reactions and no clinically significant alterations in heart rate or blood pressure were observed. A questionnaire was used to record delayed symptoms, from 30 min after contrast medium injection and for one week. The response rate was 92% and delayed adverse events were reported by 45%. The incidence of delayed reactions was significantly lower following iopentol than following metrizoate, i.e., delayed arm pain, fatigue, headache, diarrhea, nasal congestion, and rash. Delayed arm pain was probably due to contrast medium induced thrombosis in 1% following iopentol and in 8% following metrizoate. Most other symptoms were probably related to a combination of nocebo effect and coincidentally occurring symptoms. The urograms with both media were of similar high quality. Iopentol was found a suitable contrast medium for urography.
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PMID:Iopentol in urography. A clinical comparison between iopentol and metrizoate including delayed reactions. 163 50

This double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study was undertaken in 40 patients with seasonal allergic rhinoconjunctivitis during the 1990 hay fever season. The patients were randomized and treated for seven days with either 120 mg terfenadine or 10 mg loratadine, each drug taken once daily in the morning. The severity of nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sneezing, nasopharyngeal itching, and itchy, watery, red eyes was evaluated before and at the end of treatment. The global severity of symptoms was ranked daily by the patient on a diary card. Both treatment groups experienced a significant improvement of symptoms after treatment (p < 0.01), without any significant difference between the two study drugs. Terfenadine and loratadine significantly improved symptom severity by 69 and 55% compared with the baseline values, respectively. Headache and fatigue were reported in three loratadine-treated patients, and sedation in one patient. No side effects were observed in patients receiving terfenadine. This study confirmed that terfenadine 120 mg once daily is a safe and effective treatment for hay fever.
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PMID:Comparative effects of terfenadine and loratadine in the treatment of hay fever. 166 95

Some patients report rhinitis symptoms after exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS), but objective assessments of this response have been lacking. Furthermore, the mechanism of this response is unknown. We assessed the frequency of ETS-related symptoms by administering a questionnaire to 77 healthy nonsmoking young adults who were participating in an unrelated study. Of the subjects 34% (26 of 77) reported one or more rhinitis symptoms (congestion, rhinorrhea, or sneezing) following ETS exposure. We then exposed 10 historically ETS-sensitive (ETS-S) and 11 historically ETS-nonsensitive (ETS-NS) subjects to 15 min of clean air followed by 15 min of sidestream tobacco smoke (CO concentration of 45 parts per million). At selected time points during these procedures we recorded symptoms, posterior nasal resistance, and spirometry and performed nasal lavages. ETS-S but not ETS-NS subjects reported significant (p less than 0.01) increases in nasal congestion, headache, chest discomfort or tightness, and cough following exposure to sidestream tobacco smoke. Rhinorrhea symptoms were greater and more prolonged in ETS-S subjects compared to ETS-NS subjects. Significant (p less than 0.01) increases in perception of odor and in eye, nose, and throat irritation occurred in both study groups, but ETS-S subjects reported significantly more nose and throat irritation. No significant changes in posterior nasal resistance occurred in the ETS-NS group but a significant increase occurred in the ETS-S subjects, with the resistance rising from 3.8 +/- 0.5 cm H2O/L/s (mean +/- SE) preexposure to a peak of 8.0 +/- 2.7 cm H2O/L/s 20 min after completion of the smoke exposure (p less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Upper respiratory tract environmental tobacco smoke sensitivity. 171 Aug 79

A 47 year old man with episodes of attacks of pain, redness and mild blurring of vision was investigated for narrow angle glaucoma in view of shallow anterior chambers and a cupped optic disc. The history was reviewed following a spontaneous attack in hospital, which had features other than acute glaucoma. A diagnosis of cluster headache was made on the basis of tests. Cluster headache has been defined as unilateral intense pain, involving the eye and head on one side, usually associated with flushing, nasal congestion and lacrimation; the attacks recurring one or more times daily and lasting 20 - 120 minutes. Such attacks commonly continue for weeks or months and are separated by an asymptomatic period of months to years. This episodic nature, together with unilaterality and tendency to occur at night, closely mimics narrow angle glaucoma. Further, if patients have shallow anterior chambers and disc cupping, the differentiation becomes more difficult yet critical. Resource to provocative tests is often the only answer as the following case report demonstrates.
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PMID:Cluster headache or narrow angle glaucoma? 181 Aug 83

To explore the mechanism for facial puffiness, headache, and nasal congestion associated with microgravity and cephalad fluid shifts, the postural responses of the cutaneous microcirculation in the forehead and dorsum of the foot of eight healthy men were studied by changing body position on a tilt table and measuring blood flows with a laser-Doppler flowmeter. Increasing arterial pressure in the feet by moving from a -6 degree head-down tilt to a 60 degrees head-up posture decreased foot cutaneous flow by 46.5 +/- 12.0% (mean +/- S.E.; p less than 0.05). Raising arterial pressure in the head by tilting from the 60 degree head-up to -6 degree head-down posture increased forehead cutaneous flow by 25.5 +/- 7.2% (p less than 0.05). To investigate the possibility that these opposite responses could be modified by simulated microgravity, tilt tests were repeated after 7 d of -6 degrees head-down tilt bed rest. On the 1st and 2nd days after bed rest, flows in the foot were decreased by 69.4 +/- 8.8% and 45.8 +/- 18.7%, respectively, and increased in the head by 39.3 +/- 8.6% and 15.5 +/- 5.9%, respectively. These responses were not significantly different from those recorded before bed rest. Therefore, cutaneous microcirculatory flow in the feet is well regulated to prevent edema when shifting to an upright position, whereas there is less regulation in the head microcirculation. The lack of regulation in the forehead cutaneous microcirculation increases capillary flow, and consequently increases fluid filtration. This phenomenon helps explain the facial edema associated with the stimulated or actual microgravity environment.
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PMID:Postural responses of head and foot cutaneous microvascular flow and their sensitivity to bed rest. 201 72


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