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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of hypertensive intracerebellar hematoma surgically treated and cured was reported. The 41-year-old male had two cerebrovascular attacks with headache and vomiting followed by left hemiparesis. Drowsiness and dysarthria appeared the next day. The patient was admitted to a hospital, where right facial palsy, loss of right gag reflex and paralytic hemiplegia on the left side were noted. On the 7th day, the patient's consciousness became clear byt the other neurological evidences did not change. On the 14th day, bradycardia and central hyperventilation appeared and he became drowsy again. The patient was transferred to the authors' clinic. When the patient was admitted, he showed typical cerebellar signs such as nystagmus, ataxia, and slurring speech with pyramidal sign on left side and cranial nerves paralysis on right side, and also showed the changes of vital signs as a medullary syndrome in the late stage of the course. The vertebral angiogram revealed a space taking process in the right cerebellar hemisphere. The old blood (30g) was removed by suboccipital craniectomy. The hematoma cavity had a communication with the IVth ventricle through a small perforation in the medial wall of the hematoma. Spontaneour intracerebellar hematoma including of hypertensive origin is not rare in the reports of autopsy but surgically treated case has only rarely been reported. The main reason of few survivals should be in its fulminate course.
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PMID:[A cured case of hypertensive intracerebellar hematoma (author's transl)]. 94 80

Oppenheimer and Fischberg's vasoconstriction-hypothesis on the pathogenesis of hypertensive encephalopathy was subsequently supported by animal experiments. Later on the role of decompensation of the autoregulatory mechanism of the cerebral blood flow was revealed. The transient symptomatology comprises headache, seizures, focal cerebral symptoms (hemiplegia etc.), visual disturbances, mental disorders, papiledema etc. The age-dependency of the influence of edema is probably expressed by the predominance of seizures in childhood and the long duration of the symptoms in our third and fourth patient. The differentiation between hypertensive encephalopathy and a local complication of hypertension (hemorrhage) can be difficult, not at least because the first disturbance may be followed by the second (patient 3). Hypertension is not always present as initial symptom (patient 1 and 2). Hence a series of blood pressure readings is required in acute cerebral incidents in childhood. Steroid-treatment may lead, especially in patients suffering from a hypocomplementemic form of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, to a sudden rise of the blood pressure and subsequently to hypertensive encephalopathy (patients 2 and 3). Hypertensive encephalopathy is a neuropediatric emergency. The urgent treatment with dioxaside, fursemide and sodium nitroprusside is shortly reviewed.
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PMID:Hypertensive encephalopathy in childhood. Diagnostic problems. 98 19

Lipoma of the corpus callosum is a rare congenital condition, often asymptomatic, but which may present as epilepsy, hemiplegia, dementia, or headaches. This paper reviews the condition and reports the only two cases which are known to the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, London. The second case demonstrated the value of computerised axial tomography (EMI scan) in making the diagnosis and showing associated anomalies.
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PMID:Lipoma of the corpus callosum. 101 Oct 28

36 original cases, 24 from the Hopital de Sainte-Anne in Paris and 12 from the surrounding region, of ischemic (30) or hemorrhagic (6) strokes in women taking oral contraceptives are reported. The patients were 20-55 years, half under 30; took various types of pills from 10 weeks to 10 years, mean 28 months; 30 of them for contraception but other for migraine, Reclus disease, amenorrhea, sterility, and endometri osis. 27 women had related history: ischemic vascular accident (5), hyp ertension (5), thromboembolism (4), Basedow disease (3), heavy smoking (3), essential comitiality (2), migraine (1), essential hyperlipidemia (1). The women with ischemic strokes were younger, 61% under 30. A 3rd had premonitory symptoms like headache, progressing rapidly to massive hemiplegia in 17, discrete hemiplegia in 11, loss of consciousness in 6, and convulsions in 3. The cerebrospinal fluid was clear in 11 cases tested. Angiography revealed lesions in the internal carotid in 4, sylvian arteries in 9, posterior cerebral in 1, but no anomaly in 8. Only 5 recovered completely: 3 died and 7 retained major neurologic dysfunction. 6 women had hemorrhagic strokes, 2 intracerebral hematomas, and 4 cerebromeningeal hemorrhages. 5 were operated on, 3 with good results and 2 were left with severe neurologic sequelae. The authors insisted that none of these women had been given any preliminary tests or followed with any attention to their related history while taki ng oral contraceptives.
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PMID:[Cerebrovascular accidents and oral contraceptives (reflections a propos of 36 observations)]. 121 91

The clinical and computed tomography (CT) features of 25 patients with peripartum CVT are described. Majority of the patients presented in postpartum period and did not receive proper antenatal care. Headache (92%), altered sensorium (80%, seizures (76%), papilloedema (80%) and hemiplegia (52%) were the common modes of presentation. CT findings included diffuse brain oedema (52%), haemorrhagic or nonhaemorrhagic infarctions on one or both sides of brain (48%), gyral enhancement (40%) and tentorial enhancement (16%). While 15 patients made good recovery, 3 cases (12%) died during acute stage of illness.
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PMID:Peripartum cerebral venous thrombosis. 830 May 9

MRI findings of a 14-year-old boy with subdural empyema (SE) are reported and compared with those of serial CT-scan. He was admitted with fever, headache, right hemiplegia and facial palsy. Initial enhanced CT-scan revealed a slit left lateral ventricle and a shift in the mid-line structures, but failed to detect any SE. MRI at 10 days after admission clearly demonstrated SE as an area of low intensity on T1-weight (T1WI) and very high intensity on T2-weight (T2WI). Post-contrast enhanced MRI (CE-MRI), using Gd-DTPA, showed a contrast enhancement in the wall of SE. However, no definite parenchymal abnormal intensity areas were detected, suggesting that the diagnosis was made sufficiently early for timely treatment and good neurological outcome. CE-MRI proved to be a more powerful and better diagnostic procedure than enhanced CT-scan, and was very useful in determining the state and development of the disease.
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PMID:The efficacy of MR imaging in subdural empyema. 135 35

Thirty-three patients with primary bladder cancer (nine stage T1 with multifocal tumors and 24 stage T2-4) were treated with intraarterial infusion chemotherapy including cisplatin, doxorubicin, and [Sar1,Ile8]Angiotensin II(AT II). Of the 32 evaluable patients, 12 had pathologically proven complete response (CR), 19 showed partial response (PR), and one showed no change (NC); the overall response rate (CR + PR) was 97%. The blood pressure increased in response to the administration of [Sar1,Ile8]AT II in all the patients; the mean increase in the systolic blood pressure was 36 mmHg. Most of the side effects were mild to moderate in severity, transient in nature, and included nausea/vomiting (100%), alopecia (84%), leukopenia (66%), headache (9%), nephrotoxicity (6%), diarrhea (3%), skin pigmentation (3%), and neurotoxicity (3%). One patient who dropped out of the study developed hemiplegia as a result of cerebral infarction. The findings indicate that it is necessary to exercise caution in selecting the patients to be subjected to this therapy. We conclude that intraarterial infusion chemotherapy combined with a vasoconstrictor has a significant effect not only against multifocal superficial bladder cancer but also against invasive bladder cancer.
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PMID:Intraarterial infusion chemotherapy with [Sar1,Ile8]angiotensin II for bladder cancer. 159 Feb 70

The case of a 49-year-old female with a left parietal convexity meningioma associated with an acute subdural hematoma is described. She was admitted because of sudden onset of severe headache accompanied by nausea and vomiting. She was also confused, and 6 hours after admission she developed lethargy, right hemiplegia, and left mydriasis with no pupillary reaction to light. Computed tomography disclosed a round, extra-axial mass in the left parietal region; it was heterogeneously enhanced. Emergency craniotomy, performed after carotid angiography, revealed a tumor with a massive underlying subdural hematoma. The histological diagnosis was meningotheliomatous meningioma, and there were many meningothelial cells within the hematoma.
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PMID:Meningioma associated with subdural hematoma--case report. 169 43

Clinical, radiological, and immunohistochemical findings in brain biopsy specimens from six patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy-associated intracerebral hemorrhage were reviewed. Acute clinical presentations included headache, nausea and vomiting, loss of consciousness, and focal neurological deficits such as hemiplegia and blindness. Transient ischemic attacks experienced by one patient and referable to one hemisphere did not indicate impending hemorrhage in that region. Computed tomographic scans revealed acute, irregular, superficial, lobar hemorrhage with occasional ring enhancement. Immunohistochemical studies were performed on biopsy specimens using primary antibodies against portions of the Alzheimer A4 (beta-) peptide or gamma-trace peptide (the vascular amyloid protein in patients with hereditary cerebral hemorrhage with amyloidosis-Icelandic type). In all patients, anti-A4 and anti-gamma-trace labeled cerebral microvessels. Immunoreactive senile plaques were few compared with the numbers of stained microvessels. Reactive astrocytes in some patients were labeled by both antiserum samples, suggesting uptake or production of these proteins by the astrocytes. This study demonstrates the heterogeneous clinical and radiological features of cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related brain hemorrhage and the value of anti-A4 and anti-gamma-trace immunohistochemical study of biopsy material from patients with suspected cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related intraparenchymal bleeding.
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PMID:Cerebral hemorrhage with biopsy-proved amyloid angiopathy. 172 64

Thirty eight cases of moyamoa disease, 21 children, 17 adults were encountered during a 16-year period at Yonsei University Medical Center. Clinical manifestations, together with computed tomography (CT) and angiographic findings were analyzed with a review of the literature. The mean age was 6.3 +/- 3.5 years in children and 36.8 +/- 9.9 years in adults. The majority of attacks occurred in spring in both adults and children. The most common chief complaint on admission was hemiparesis followed by convulsion in children, while in adults, loss of consciousness was most common followed by headache. Of transient neurologic deficits, hemiplegia was most common in children, while cranial nerve involvement was common in adults. Hemiplegia, also was the most common permanent neurologic manifestation in children, while hemiparesis and intellectual deterioration were the most common in adults. Of the children, 90.6% showed infarction on CT, while 88.2% of adults had hemorrhage. Bilateral occlusion of the carotid arteries was the most common site of lesions in both adults and children on cerebral angiogaphy.
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PMID:Moyamoya disease in Korea. 178 Nov 86


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