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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Low-lactose milk was produced by incubating cow's milk with yeast lactase. Sixteen lactose tolerant and 15 intolerant volunteers ingested 500 ml of the product twice daily for 1 month. During the testing period all subjects received on three occasions the same volume of unmodified milk in double-blind tests. Symptoms recorded throughout the study and for an additional 15 day base-line observation period were: diarrhea, abdominal pain and distention, flatulence, heartburn, and headache. Low-lactose milk acceptance was excellent. No significant differences were found between tolerants and intolerants during the base-line period and while ingesting low-lactose milk. By contrast, unmodified milk induced severe symptoms only in the intolerants. Availability of low-lactose milk and of its by-products allows consumption of greater volumes of this highly nutritious food by subjects with lactose intolerance with none or less symptoms compared to unmodified milk.
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PMID:Long-term acceptance of low-lactose milk. 11 42

One hundred and two patients with either rheumatoid arthritis or osteo-arthrosis were treated for prolonged periods with diclophenac sodium (Voltaren; Geigy) to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the drug. Fifty-seven patients completed a trial of 12 months. A total of 70% showed an improvement in functional class, and 40% of the total had complete functional capacity by the end of the trial. The drug was well tolerated. The side-effects (heartburn, abdominal cramps, headache and dizziness) were mild and in most cases did not require cessation of treatment. In 9 patients the Coombs test became positive during the trial, but this did not require cessation of therapy.
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PMID:A long-term study of diclophenac sodium in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteo-arthrosis. 35 28

Twenty-four male volunteers were given obidoxime tablets in quantities ranging from 1.84-3.58 g in a single dose, or 7.36 g divided into 4 equal doses. With the lowest dose, average peak plasma level of the drug was 1.9 mug/ml and after the highest single dose it was 5.6 mug/ml, both attained 1.5 h after administration. In the multiple-dosed individuals, plasma levels of the oxime increased gradually following each additional dose, reaching a peak of 3.5 mug/ml after the last dose. Thirteen individuals complained of one or more of the following side effects: pallor, nausea, pyrosis, headache, generalized weakness, sore throat, and paresthesia of the face muscles. Activities of blood cholinesterase, glutamic oxalacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, as well as hematocrit values, heart rate, and blood pressure were not affected. It is postulated that due to the undesirable side effects, the general use of obidoxime tablets should not be recommended. However, prophylactic oral treatment with obidoxime could be considered for persons at high risk of organophosphate poisoning or when parenteral administration might not be feasible.
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PMID:Administration of obidoxime tablets to man. Plasma levels and side reactions. 78 81

Fifty patients suffering from functional dyspepsia have been treated in a double-blind study either with 1-sulpiride (75 mg die per os) or with metoclopramide (30 mg die per os) for 30 days. The frequency and severity of the symptoms in the two patient groups were similar. The administration of either drug was followed by a reduction of the symptoms, but 1-sulpiride was more effective on nausea, headache, pyrosis, epigastric pain, and showed an earlier effect than metoclopramide in inducing total regression of symptoms.
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PMID:[L-sulpiride versus metoclopramide in functional dyspepsia: a randomized double-blind study]. 158 35

We report a case of intestinal capillariasis in a 32-year-old Italian man. After he made a trip to Indonesia that lasted approximately one month, he developed heartburn, abdominal pain, irregular bowel movements, headache, fatigue, weight loss, low-grade fever, and severe itching. The diagnosis was provided by the recovery of Capillaria philippinensis eggs in the stool. Treatment with oral albendazole, 200 mg twice a day for 21 days, resulted in clinical and parasitologic cure. This is the first report of C. philippinensis infection acquired in Indonesia.
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PMID:Intestinal capillariasis (Capillaria philippinensis) acquired in Indonesia: a case report. 163 74

Two hundred and sixty-four patients were included in an open, randomized, multicenter trial, with the aim of determining whether nicardipine can be useful in the prevention of cerebral infarction. The patients had experienced one or more transient ischemic attacks, reversible ischemic neurologic defect, or stroke with minor permanent neurological deficit in the 12 months before enrolling in the study. Each patient was randomly assigned to received 250 mg of aspirin once daily plus 20 mg of nicardipine thrice daily (n = 170) or 250 mg of aspirin once daily (n = 94) for 12 months. During the 12-month treatment period, 12% of the aspirin-plus-nicardipine group and 19% of the aspirin-only group experienced an ischemic cerebrovascular event; at six months, the cumulative incidence of events was significantly lower in the aspirin-plus-nicardipine group than in the aspirin-only group. One patient in each group died of a recurrent stroke. Aspirin-related side effects were dyspepsia (reported by four patients), heartburn (by seven), nausea and vomiting (by four), and melena (by five); nicardipine-related side effects were transient hypotension (by two), headache (by four), ankle edema (by three), and constipation (by four). Results indicate that the addition of nicardipine to antiplatelet treatment may safely prevent the recurrence of ischemic cerebrovascular events.
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PMID:Nicardipine in the prevention of cerebral infarction. 222 48

A group of outpatients with chronic non-organic upper abdominal pain was followed up 5-7 years after the index investigation, to evaluate the predictive value of several variables on the basis of a questionnaire and a laboratory pain study. Fifty-four per cent had symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome. A low pain tolerance measured with an ischemic pain technique significantly predicted a poor course of the disease (P = 0.03). So did a high score indicating psychic vulnerability (P = 0.02) and two social factors: poor school and vocational education (P less than 0.01). Without significant predictive value were level of abdominal pain rated on a visual analogue scale, length of dyspepsia history, bowel habits, relation of pain to meals and to life events, heartburn, headache, back pain, dysmenorrhea, paresthesias in fingers or feet, present occupation, sex, marital status, days absent from work because of the disease, and consumption of tranquilizers, cigarettes, and alcohol. The findings indicate that psychologic factors and a low pain tolerance may be elements in this poorly understood syndrome. This is supported by earlier findings of a decreased pain tolerance and an elevated psychologic score in this group compared with controls.
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PMID:Predictors for the course of chronic non-organic upper abdominal pain. 278 Dec 39

Zindotrine, a new bronchodilator, may be an alternative to theophylline in treating reversible airflow obstruction. Efficacy and cardiovascular effects of a single 300 mg oral dose of zindotrine were compared with placebo in a two-period, double-blind, crossover trial. Twelve subjects with airflow obstruction reversible after isoproterenol and theophylline completed the trial. Improvement in pulmonary function (forced vital capacity [FVC], forced expiratory volume in one second, and forced expiratory flow rate from 25 to 75 percent of FVC) was greater after zindotrine than with placebo. Pulmonary function tests increased 15 percent or more over baseline in 30 minutes after active drug, lasting up to 6 hours. Mild decreases in heart rate and mean blood pressure occurred after both treatments, with changes equal in both treatment groups. Six subjects had mild subjective side effects after zindotrine (headache, dizziness, vertigo, flushing, and heartburn) compared with one report of lightheadedness after placebo. A single dose of zindotrine 300 mg provides effective bronchodilator action with a relatively prolonged response and tolerable side effects.
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PMID:Single-dose efficacy and safety of zindotrine, a new oral bronchodilator. 322 40

A multi-centre uncontrolled clinical trial was performed in 42 Italian hospitals to evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of an instant suspension of naproxen, a well known anti-inflammatory drug. A total of 390 adults of all ages with musculoskeletal rheumatic diseases or minor traumatic injuries entered the trial. Patients received 500 mg naproxen instant suspension twice daily after meals, for 1-4 weeks. Assessment of signs and symptoms was made before starting the therapy, after 3 days and at the end of the treatment period. The drug produced a rapid and progressive relief of pain and articular symptoms in most patients and was equally effective in all the diagnostic sub-groups. The efficacy of treatment was 'excellent' or 'good' in about 85% of patients, 'moderate' in 10% and 'minimal' or 'absent' in about 5%. Almost 90% of patients had no side-effects; 5% were withdrawn because of unwanted effects. No correlation between incidence or intensity of side-effects and age of the patients or duration of therapy was observed. The complaints reported are common to other anti-rheumatic drugs, e.g. epigastric pain, pyrosis, nausea, vomiting and headache. In conclusion, naproxen instant suspension is highly effective and well tolerated.
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PMID:Efficacy and tolerance of naproxen instant suspension formulation: a post-marketing survey. 328 24

Sixty-eight breast cancer patients for outpatient adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) with cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, and fluorouracil (CMF) on a 1-day schedule entered a randomized trial comparing the antiemetic-efficacy of different doses of methylprednisolone (MPN). Treatment was administered concomitantly with the first course of CT and consisted of MPN in either 375 or 120-mg doses divided into 3 equal parts, the first administered i.v. just prior to CMF and then i.m. 6 and 12 h after CT. Overall, antiemetic protection was appreciable: complete emetic protection (no emetic episodes) was observed in 71 and 66% of patients receiving MPN 375 and 120 mg, respectively. In 43 and 54% of patients receiving MPN 375 and 120 mg, respectively, nausea did not occur. Efficacy of the two treatment arms was not statistically different for either emesis or nausea. Antiemetic protection with MPN was reproducible over time at subsequent courses: 60% of patients in either treatment arm experienced less than 5 emetic episodes at their 12th CMF course. Facial flush was the most frequently observed side effect (36% with MPN 120 mg vs. 68% with MPN 375 mg). Other acute untoward effects consisted of headache, pyrosis, and edema. However, the latter was observed only with the higher dose. In patients receiving CMF, MPN alone provides effective and reproducible emetic protection. No dose-response relationship was observed.
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PMID:Methylprednisolone for the control of CMF-induced emesis. 329 35


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