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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Conditions in which antidepressants have been used include diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, headaches, arthritis, chronic back pain, cancer, thalamic pain, facial pain, and phantom limb pain. Although much of the available information is derived from inadequately controlled trials, it seems that antidepressants provide analgesia in many of these disorders. The analgesic effects tend to be independent of antidepressant effects, and doses of heterocyclic antidepressants used for analgesia seem to be lower than those considered effective in the treatment of depression. Doses should be started low and gradually increased until the patient reaches the highest tolerable dose. Onset of analgesia is variable, ranging from 1 day to 10 weeks. Common side effects include dry mouth, drowsiness, urinary retention, orthostatic hypotension, and constipation. Optimum dosages and schedules have not been established.
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PMID:Antidepressants in the management of chronic pain syndromes. 214 20

In June of 1988, the Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society published new Classification and Diagnostic Criteria for Headache, Cranial Neuralgias, and Facial Pain. A new standard classification for migraine and tension-type headache was established. An assessment form facilitating headache classification by the neuroscience nurse according to the IHS criteria has been developed. The ability to quantify variables included in the new classification offers the opportunity for productive research on headache by neuroscience nurses.
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PMID:New headache classification: implications for neuroscience nurses. 214 69

Since 1978, the authors have observed 7 cases of dissecting aneurysm in the internal carotid artery. Symptoms were severe headache and subsequent neurologic deficit in young persons (3 women, 4 men; mean age 35 years). The underlying pathology was spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery, with surgical confirmation in 3 cases and typical angiographic patterns in all cases. Spontaneous dissection of the cervical internal carotid artery is being increasingly recognized as a cause of cerebral ischemia in young adults. Moreover this clinicopathologic event is more common than had previously been supposed. The etiology remains unclear, except in 15% of cases in which dystrophy of the media (Marfan's syndrome) is in cause. No history of cervical trauma can be found. Typical clinical features consist in ipsilateral headache preceding an abrupt neurologic deficit in a 40-year-old person. An incomplete Horner syndrome (oculosympathetic paresis without facial anhidrosis) associated with facial pain and numbness is pathognomonic, but the majority of dissections are less typical. The typical angiographic pattern is an elongated regular stenosis of the high cervical internal carotid artery, 2 cm above the non-involved bulbus ("string sign"). The dissection may modify to a tapered occlusion above the point of origin of the internal carotid artery. The natural course is spontaneous resolution of the stricture, without relapse. Optimal management is non-operative since medical treatment has proved to be efficient. These cases confirm the benign course and overall good prognosis of spontaneous dissections of the internal carotid artery which are not as rare as the scarcity of reports might indicate.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Spontaneous dissection of the internal carotid artery. Apropos of 7 cases and a review of the literature]. 217 45

Patients with chronic pain are often depressed, and antidepressants have been widely used in the treatment of these patients. Well controlled clinical studies have shown that antidepressants have analgesic effects, apparently independent of changes in mood, and in lower doses than used in the treatment of depression. Good results have been reported for several types of chronic pain, especially headache and facial pain, arthritis, fibromyalgia and neuralgias. In addition, antidepressants have also an indirect analgesic action by relieving a depressive condition associated with chronic pain.
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PMID:[Do antidepressive agents have analgesic effects?]. 221 95

This work assesses the differences in the thermographic findings in the craniofacial and neck areas between normal individuals and patients with craniofacial pain or headache, and investigates the influence of muscle contraction on such findings. Thermographic records were taken in 10 healthy subjects and 47 patients suffering from craniofacial pain or headache of different kinds. In the patients with painful episodes the record was taken between attacks. In all the normal subjects and in 19 patients lateral thermograms were also taken during and after maximal tooth clenching for three minutes. The majority of the patients, as compared to the normal group, showed some thermal alterations and asymmetry. Such alterations seem to be due both to vascular instability and muscle contraction: these two factors may be variably superimposed in the different conditions. In patients with cluster headache or chronic paroxysmal hemicrania the presence on the symptomatic side of a cold spot along the supraorbital area and/or the inner orbital canthus, was a constant finding. We conclude that thermography is useful as an additional diagnostic means in patients with head and face pain, and that the clenching test may increase the amount of information provided.
Headache 1990 Jul
PMID:Thermographic findings in cranio-facial pain. 222

The temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) syndrome was first described by Costen in 1936. It is a muscular-skeletal pain-disease. The pain is caused by hypertonia of the masticatory muscles and is projected into various regions of the head and neck. There is a primary dysfunctional etiology as well as a secondary etiology based on other diseases, particularly of the ENT region. Diagnostically, therefore, a process of exclusion is required. The symptoms can range from diffuse headache and facial pain to strictly localized or even neuralgic pain. Otogenic symptoms may be pain or various noises in the ear. For differential diagnosis, most of the painful diseases of the head area must be considered because of the multiform clinical manifestation of the TMJ syndrome. The treatment of the TMJ syndrome follows a multistep scheme that includes behavior therapy, physiotherapeutic methods, and occlusal therapy.
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PMID:[Diagnosis and therapy of myo-arthropathy (Costen's syndrome)]. 224 52

This article presents differential diagnosis and treatment of facial pain. Facial pain is classified in accordance with the recent work of the Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society. The two major divisions are facial pain associated with disorders of the head and neck, including their parts, and disorders of cranial nerves, including their central connections. Special attention is paid to the controversial topics of temporomandibular joint dysfunction and atypical facial pain.
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PMID:Facial pain. 225 19

A 46 year old man with a short history of left facial pain and numbness, and subsequently headaches, had a normal physical examination and a normal CT scan of head. Lumbar puncture yielded normal CSF under increased pressure. MRI showed thrombosis of the superior sagittal sinus, subsequently confirmed by angiography. MRI is a sensitive test for detecting intracranial venous thrombosis, and may be the investigation of choice when this disorder is suspected.
Headache 1990 Oct
PMID:Cerebral vein thrombosis shown by MRI. 227 15

Facial pain often presents complex diagnosis, requiring other specialists' consultation. The use of different terminology and protocols can affect the information exchange negatively. These problems in the field of headache, cranial neuralgias and facial pain lead the International Headache Society to introduce a new classification in 1988. The chief difference with the previous ones is the presence of strictly codified diagnostic principles. Its target is research, but it can help the general practice as well. We discuss the most interesting points to the stomatologist.
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PMID:[Headaches and craniofacial pains with dental involvement in the classification of the International Headache Society (1988)]. 228 40

Recurrent headache is a common pediatric problem. As the differential diagnosis of headache is extensive, physicians rely on the mode of presentation to focus any investigation. A report of an adolescent in whom atypical facial and head pain caused by a preexisting cerebellar cavernous angioma is presented. Facial pain and headache resolved following excision of the tumor.
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PMID:Cavernous angioma presenting as atypical facial and head pain. 229 36


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