Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Audiometric assessment was carried out on 26 metal workers at the spare parts market, Gate Ibadan to corroborate their perceived susceptibility to noise induced hearing loss. Of the 26 studied, 13 (50.0%) indicated non-susceptibility, 11 (42.3%) indicated susceptibility while 2 (7.7%) did not know. Otology symptoms mentioned by those who indicate susceptibility were tinnitus (63.6%), hearing loss (36.4%), otalgia (18.2%), headache (9.1%), and post-aural pain (9.1%). Audiometric results showed 10 (76.9%) of non-susceptible subjects, 5 (45.5%) of susceptible subjects and 1 (50.0%) of undecided group had normal hearing bilaterally. Unilateral high frequency hearing loss was observed in 4 (36.4%) of the susceptible subjects. Implications of the findings for taking preventive action are discussed.
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PMID:Perceived susceptibility to noise induced hearing loss and attitude towards preventive care among metal workers at Gate, Ibadan: a pilot study. 1503 78

In the present paper we report the case of a 14-year-old girl suffering from condylar hyperplasia and enlargement of ipsilateral jaw body, stressing the importance of bone SPECT in the clinical management of this temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorder. Condylar hyperplasia is an uncommon idiopathic monolateral disorder of jaw growth consistent with exuberant or persistent activity of the condyle nucleus finally involving sociopsychological aspects due to facial dysmorphism. Besides facial asymmetry our patient showed prognathism, malocclusion, worsening otalgia and headache. Conventional X-rays examinations and multislice spiral CT gave us important morphostructural information also thanks to 3D volume-rendered and virtual reconstructions, while bone SPECT by detecting an intense well focused (99m)Tc-MDP uptake allowed to achieve uninvasively the final diagnosis of primary condyle hyperplasia. In spite of the full imaging characterization of TMJ disorders, consensus on best timing and therapeutic approaches on condylar hyperplasia is yet to be reached. In the present case patient was first treated orthodontically, planning a "high" condylectomy intervention after at least 6 months.
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PMID:Bone SPECT in management of mandibular condyle hyperplasia. Report of a case and review of literature. 1526 84

We have observed in our own practice that numerous patients with primary symptoms of vertigo exhibit cervical segmental muscular imbalance and increased tension in the masticatory musculature. This is frequently associated with functional blockades, especially in the joints of the head and upper cervical spine. Particularly important are special receptors of the small vertebral joints and muscle insertions at the cervicocranial transition. Evidence indicates that there are neuroanatomic structures between these receptors and the central vestibular and cochlear core area of the brain stem, which can explain the vertigo symptoms as well as the frequently associated tinnitus, headache or otalgia. Therapeutic approaches include interruption of the pathological reflex arcs so that muscle tension can resolve and imbalances are equalized. The nociceptive stimulus to the brain stem and its core centers thus recedes. Deafferentation follows from the reflex zones of the posterior oral cavity in the sense of oral acupuncture. Additional procedures include neural therapeutic injections at acupuncture points at the cervicocranial transition, the ear, and maxillary area as well as needle acupuncture of the head, ear, and hand. In isolated cases, improvement of the vertigo symptoms is noticed as early as after the first treatment session. Among other methods, spinovestibular tests according to Romberg and Unterberger can be employed to objectify treatment results.
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PMID:[Additive treatment for central vestibular vertigo]. 1545 63

It was the aim of this clinical study to demonstrate the efficacy of 1000 mg acetylsalicylic acid (ASA, CAS 50-78-2) in combination with 60 mg pseudoephedrine (PSE, CAS 90-82-4), compared with placebo, in the symptomatic treatment of nasal congestion associated with the common cold. A further aim was to demonstrate the efficacy of 500 mg ASA + 30 mg PSE and of 1000 mg paracetamol (CAS 103-90-2) + 60 mg PSE (active control) in the symptomatic treatment of nasal congestion. The study was designed as a randomized, two-center, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, single-dose efficacy and safety trial over 6 h and was carried out in the USA. In total, at two centers, 643 patients who had a history and diagnosis of acute upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), were included; they showed symptoms such as nasal congestion, scratchy/sore throat, headache, generalized muscle ache, earache, runny nose, fever, sneezing etc. The investigational drugs ASA and PSE were both provided as granules in sachets and the granules were dissolved in water before administration; the combined preparation of paracetamol + PSE was administered as commercially available tablets encapsulated for blinding. For all preparations, matching placebos were provided. The primary efficacy variable was the area under the curve for differences from baseline on a nasal congestion scale in the first 2 h after treatment. To be eligible for the study, otherwise healthy volunteers were to present with nasal stuffiness of recent onset that reached a score of at least 6 on the 11-point scale for nasal congestion (0 = not stuffy, 10 = very stuffy). The primary analysis of the primary efficacy variable was calculated by analysis of variance including treatment group, severity (moderate/severe) and center as main strata. The analysis was performed using the intent-to-treat population. All active treatments proved to be statistically significantly superior to placebo with regard to the primary efficacy variable. Significant superiority of active treatment compared with placebo could also be demonstrated for an interval of up to 6 h after intake of the drug and for the relief of nasal congestion. The lower dose did not reveal significant different results compared with placebo for relief of nasal congestion in patients with a severe nasal congestion score at baseline. As well in patients with moderate nasal congestion score (NCS) at start of the study the difference from baseline in the NCS compared with placebo was not statistically significant. Thus a trend towards better efficacy in the higher dose could be assumed. No difference was found between 1000 mg ASA + 60 mg PSE and the active control. There were no differences between the two centers. The treatment proved to be safe and well tolerated, without relevant differences between the four treatment groups. Main adverse events were found to be related to the upper respiratory tract infection or were of gastrointestinal nature. In conclusion, the combination of ASA with PSE can be considered as an effective and safe remedial for the symptomatic treatment of the nasal congestion during URTI.
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PMID:Clinical, double-blind, placebo-controlled study investigating the combination of acetylsalicylic acid and pseudoephedrine for the symptomatic treatment of nasal congestion associated with common cold. 1550 Jan 97

The authors sought to determine whether reported symptoms of mothers and infants were associated significantly with the use of household products that raised indoor levels of total volatile organic compounds (TVOCs). Data collected from 170 homes within the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC: a large birth cohort of more than 10,000) had determined which household products were associated with the highest levels of TVOCs. The latter data were collected over a period that approximated 6 mo of pregnancy and the infants' first 6 mo of life. This paper presents (a) the mothers' self-reports of the use of these products in their homes and (b) self-reported medical symptoms of mothers and infants postnatally. Higher TVOC levels were associated with air freshener and aerosol use. Infant diarrhea and earache were statistically significantly associated with air freshener use, and diarrhea and vomiting were significantly associated with aerosol use. Headache experienced by mothers 8 mo after birth was significantly associated with the use of air fresheners and aerosols; maternal depression was significantly associated with the use of air fresheners. The results of the study suggest a link between the use of products that raise indoor levels of TVOCs and an increased risk of certain symptoms among infants and their mothers.
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PMID:Symptoms of mothers and infants related to total volatile organic compounds in household products. 1556 35

We experienced two cases of brain abscess secondary to middle ear cholesteatoma. One, a 61-year-old woman, presented with left otalgia, appetite loss and nausea. The computed tomography obtained on admission revealed a middle ear cholesteatoma. The magnetic resonance image showed the presence of a brain abscess in the cerebellum. The brain abscess was drained and the cholesteatoma was removed using the canal down procedure under general anesthesia. Part of the cholesteatoma invaded the posterior cranial fossa was could not be removed from the otological surgical field. The patient has been under observation as an outpatient for 6 months already and no abnormal signs have been detected. The other patient, a 55-year-old man, was admitted to our hospital for a detailed examination because he had right otalgia and progressive headache. The examination of spinal fluid obtained by lumbar puncture showed marked elevation of the white blood cells count. Computed tomography revealed a middle ear cholesteatoma. The magnetic resonance image obtained on admission showed an area of low-intensity encapsulated by an area of high-intensity in the right temporal lobe. The abscess was drained and the cholesteatoma was removed using the canal down procedure under general anesthesia. The patient has been under observation for 1 year already and has presented no signs of recurrence.
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PMID:Brain abscess secondary to the middle ear cholesteatoma: a report of two cases. 1654 8

The most frequent symptom of craniomandibular dysfunction is pain in the preauricular area or in the temporo-mandibular joint, usually localized at the level of the masticatory musculature. Patients sometimes also complain of reflect otalgia, headaches and facial pain. Osteoarthrosis is a frequent degenerative debilitating chronic disorder that can affect the temporomandibular joint. It causes pain and articular rigidity, a reduction in mobility, and radiological alterations are visible in stratigraphy. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a topically applied non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug that has recently become commercially available (diclofenac sodium in a patented carrier containing dimethyl sulfoxide, that favours transcutaneous absorption) which is commonly used to alleviate pain in knee or elbow joints, versus oral diclofenac, in the treatment of symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction. Dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint was diagnosed in 36 adult patients. The patients were randomized in two age- and gender -matched groups. Group A (18 patients) received oral diclofenac sodium administered after a meal in 50-mg tablets twice a day for 14 days. Group B (18 patients) received 16 mg/ml topical diclofenac (diclofenac topical solution, 10 drops 4 times a day for 14 days). All patients completed a questionnaire at the start and end of therapy. Patients were asked to quantify on a graded visual analogue scale and to reply to questions about the pain and tenderness of the temporomandibular joint and the functional limitation of mouth opening. Patients were also requested to report side-effects of the treatment. All patients showed relief from pain after treatment: the difference between the two groups was not significant (p > 0.05). Post-treatment, 16 patients of group A had epigastralgic symptoms. Three patients treated with topical diclofenac showed a modest irritation of the temporomandibular joint region, and disappeared spontaneously. Our results demonstrate that topically applied diclofenac and oral diclofenac are equally effective in the treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction symptoms. Topical diclofenac has the advantage that it does not have adverse systemic effects, whereas oral diclofenac had untoward effects on the gastric apparatus. The efficacy of diclofenac topically applied on the temporomandibular joint region observed in group B is explained by the association of diclofenac with dimethyl-sulfoxide, which enables a rapid effective penetration into the joint tissues. It is noteworthy that dimethyl-sulfoxide favours transuctaneous absorption when used in a multi-dose regime as in our study with 4 doses a day. Thus, single, "as required", applications should be avoided because this practice results in scarce absorption of diclofenac.
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PMID:Topical versus systemic diclofenac in the treatment of temporo-mandibular joint dysfunction symptoms. 1587 9

We present the case of a scuba diver who experienced acute ear pain during ascent from a dive. CT imaging was performed because of severe unrelenting headache. Blood and gas was identified within the epidural space of the middle fossa and over the petrous bone, as well as hemorrhage within the adjacent temporal lobe. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of CT-documented barotrauma affecting the brain as a result of middle-ear gas rupturing through the tegmen tympani.
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PMID:Barotrauma presenting as temporal lobe injury secondary to temporal bone rupture. 1589 Nov 87

Sigmoid sinus thrombosis following mastoiditis is a rare, but potentially life-threatening, condition. Its treatment usually consists of systemic antibiotics and mastoidectomy. In this report, we describe a pediatric case of sigmoid sinus thrombosis following mastoiditis, presenting with nonspecific symptoms such as fever, otalgia, and headache. Diagnosis was based on magnetic resonance imaging. The patient responded very well to intravenous antibiotics with a rapid clinical improvement and complete recanalization of the thrombosed sigmoid sinus. In conclusion, mastoiditis may present few clinical symptoms. In case of treatment failure or new-onset neurologic deficit in children with acute otitis media, life-threatening complications associated with mastoiditis should be considered. Early diagnosis is important, as favorable prognosis can be achieved with conservative management without performing any surgical intervention.
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PMID:Sigmoid sinus thrombosis following mastoiditis: early diagnosis enhances good prognosis. 1616 Jun 68

The aim of the present research was to evaluate disk displacements (DDs) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) among patients referred for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, and analyze the type and prevalence of DD, gender, age, side distribution, reciprocal clicking, presence of pain, range of mouth opening movement, and dental condition. The sample comprised 113 patients, 12-78 years old (the age average was 36.4 +/- 13.5 years), 92 females and 21 males, who underwent MRI between July 2001 and December 2002. A Signa Horizon system (GE) MRI scanner was used at a magnetic field magnitude of 1.5 T with a bilateral radiofrequency surface coil (6.5 x 6.5 cm). Twenty-three (20.4%) patients were found to be normal, whereas 90 (79.7%) presented with DD. Anterior DD (61.1%) was the most common type of articular disk displacement. Males and females were equally affected (no statistically significant difference). We did not find a statistically significant association between DD and increased age. Bilateral DD (70%) was the most common DD occurrence. We found a statistically significant association between reciprocal clicking and anterior DD with reduction. We did not find a statistically significant association between DD and pain, be it articular or facial pain, otalgia or cephalgia. We found a statistically significant association between anterior DD without reduction and mouth opening limitation. With regard to oral condition, we did not find a statistically significant association between DD and loss of teeth.
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PMID:Assessment of disk displacements of the temporomandibular joint. 1622 59


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