Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In this multi-clinic double-blind study, patients suffering from insomnia were treated with triazolam 0.5 mg (Halcion) or placebo for 14 days. Four investigators treated 239 patients, 122 on triazolam and 117 on placebo. Thirty-nine patients, 10 on triazolam and 29 on placebo, dropped out for ineffectiveness of the medication and 32 patients, 16 in each group, dropped out for side effects. Analysis of pooled efficacy data showed that triazolam was significantly better than placebo on all efficacy parameters measured, including how much the medication helped the patients sleep, onset of sleep, duration of sleep, duration compared to usual, number of nocturnal awakenings, and feeling of restfulness in the morning. Triazolam did not produce evidence of tolerance development after 2 weeks of treatment. The same variety of side effects occurred on each treatment and primarily included drowsiness, grogginess, headaches, impaired coordination nausea, and dizziness.
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PMID:Multi-clinic double-blind comparison of triazolam (Halcion) and placebo administered for 14 consecutive nights in outpatients with insomnia. 2 13

The action of tiapride on headaches has been studied in several neurological departments, both in hospitalized and ambulatory patients. A favourable result was obtained in 63,3% of cases (nearly 2 out of 3). A dosage of 400 mg/day is adequate for an opinion of the efficacy of the product to be made, with the average dosage is about 150 mg/day (1/2 table x 3 times a day). Tolerance is excellent. Side-effects, wich were noted in 18% of the patients, consist mainly of somnolence and more rarely akathisia. The good results obtained, and the excellent tolerance, enable its use in debilitated alcoholics, the elderly, and those with vascular disorders.
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PMID:[Therapy of headaches. Apropos of 87 cases]. 3 85

Proven allergic contact dermatitis from carbon paper is an exceptional rarity; the reported causes are dyes and plasticisers. But carbon paper is gradually being replaced by pressure-sensitive or carbonless copy paper, particularly for business forms. The method depends on mechanical pressure or chemical transfer. For the latter, colour formers are held in microcapsules, which rupture under pressure, and released when they produce the colour. Some office workers have claimed that the handling of used carbonless papers are responsible for symptoms affecting the skin, eyes, and upper respiratory tract, as well as systemic symptoms including headaches, drowsiness and fatigue. Patch tests are negative. If the symptoms are attributable to carbonless paper it is suggested that the colour former solvents are most likely to be responsible.
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PMID:Carbon and carbonless copy paper. 16 Jul 33

Tiapridal a new molecule of the benzamide family, raises the pain-threshold level in the mesolimbic system. It has been shown to be effective in 66% of cases of headaches and pain resistant to therapy, and 75% of patients with nausea and vomiting associated with headaches. The average dosage is between 150 and 300 mg or day (1/2 to 1 tablet, 3 times a day). The product is extremely well-tolerated. Somnolence, the most frequent side-effect was noted in 17% of cases. Because of its excellent tolerance it can be prescribed in debilitated patients, alcoholics, and the elderly.
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PMID:[Prescribing tiapridal for headache and other painful conditions]. 21 5

Sleep apnea syndrome is a constellation of symptoms resulting from recurrent episodes of apnea during sleep. Often the upper airway becomes obstructed during slumber in this disorder. Symptoms relate to sleep deprivation and include morning headaches, daytime somnolence, personality changes with deteriorating intellectual capacity, nocturnal enuresis, and sexual dysfunction. Diagnosis is assisted by polysomnographic recordings. Therapy is directed at the cause of obstruction when one can be found, weight loss in massively obese patients, tracheostomy in the symptomatic patient. Four patients with documented sleep apnea syndrome are discussed. One patient, a thin adolescent female underwent adenoidectomy without improvement. Two massively obese adult males required tracheostomy with marked amelioration of symptoms. One additional adult male was found to have sleep apnea due to severe, acquired micrognathia; he was significantly improved by tracheostomy. All three adult patients were found by endoscopic visualization to have marked pharyngeal soft tissue collapse with inspiration during apneic episodes. Possible causes of pharyngeal collapse are discussed.
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PMID:Endoscopic findings in sleep apnea syndrome. 23 Nov 20

A therapeutic study was conducted by practitioners working in a group practice, to evaluate the activity of tiapride in treating headaches, over a period of 1 year. The results were satisfactory in 60.6% of cases, especially in patients with headaches of psychogenic or digestive origin. The dosage was 150 to 200 mg orally, and the product was well tolerated apart from somnolence which was noted in about 1 case out of 4.
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PMID:[Treatment of headaches in general practice. A therapeutic study (author's transl)]. 23 33

Varying reactions of the vegetative nerve system to various point combinations (for example: vomiting, dizziness, diarrhea, urge to urinate, fatigue or drowsiness, headache), especially to the needling of Tai Chong (Li 3), induced us to perform biochemical studies before and after acupuncture treatment. A group of children and a group of adults were studied. The material studied was urine and blood; from the children, urine only. The following were determined in the urine: indolacetic acid, 5-hydroxy-indol-3-acetic acid, homovanillic acid, and vanillic-mandelic acid; in the blood, tyrosine and tryptophan (free and bound). Individual points with wide influence (He Gu = LI 4; Zu San Li = St 36; Tai Chong = Li 3) and their combination with generally effective points were tested. The needling of Tai Chong especially showed a clear increase in indolamine metabolism. Isolated increases in metabolites of catecholamine metabolism could be correlated with the patient's increased physical activity after acupuncture. Noteworthy is the observation that no significant chemical reactions were evident if local reactions to the needling no longer appeared at the end of a series of acupuncture treatments.
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PMID:Manipulation of neurotransmitters by acupuncture (?) (A preliminary communication). 23 99

The effects and side-effects in migraine prophylaxis of placebo, Divascan (1-isopropylnoradrenochrome--5--monosemicarbazone) and pizotifen were compared in a double-blind cross-over study. The dosage was for Divascan 15 mg a day and for pizotifen 3 mg a day. Data from the last 6 weeks of each test period of 8 weeks were used to assess the effect of the treatment. Thirty patients entered the trial. Data from 28 patients treated with placebo and Divascan and 27 patients treated with pizotifen were used for final evaluation. Pizotifen significantly reduced the number of migraine attacks, headache index and the consumption of ergotamine. Divascan also seemed to have effect. The consumption of ergotamine was reduced compared with placebo and there was a reduction, although not significant, of headache frequency and headache index. Pizotifen gave significantly larger reduction in headache frequency and headache index than Divascan and signficantly more patients stated a preference for pizotifen compared with Divascan. A good or very good effect was reported by 11 per cent of the patients on placebo, 39 per cent on Divascan and 70 per cent on pizotifen. Pizotifen had frequent side-effects, mainly drowsiness and weight gain, whereas Divascan in this respect did not differ from placebo. Physical examinations and laboratory investigations did not show any significant changes, apart from weight gain.
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PMID:A comparison between placebo, pizotifen and 1-isopropyl-3-hydroxy-5-semicarbazono-6-oxo-2.3.5.6-tetrahydroindol (Divascan) in migraine prophylaxis. 32 46

Prophylactic irradiation of the skull and intrathecal application of methotrexate has proven to be highly effective in preventing central nervous system disease in acute lymphoblastic leukemia or non-Hodgkin-lymphoma. Prophylactic treatment may be complicated by a somnolence syndrome occuring 4--8 weaks after the end of irradiation. The main features of this clinical entity are somnolence, lethargy, dullness, anorexia, headache, and vomiting. EEG frequently displays a distinct slowing of activity. All symptoms are reversible after 3--49 days. The syndrome clearly is consequence of skull irradiation. Its metabolic basis probably is transient disturbance of myelinization.
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PMID:[Non-leukemic disease of the central nervous system in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. I. Somnolence syndrome (author's transl)]. 36 88

Discriminant function analyses were applied to data obtained from anxious psychiatric outpatients treated with either chlordiazepoxide (n = 353) or placebo (n = 259) and depressed outpatients treated with either amitriptyline (n = 310) or placebo (n = 328), who had participated in controlled drug trials of 4 weeks' duration, in an attempt to identify factors associated with complaints of drowsiness made by these patients. Although the magnitude of the relationships between individual predictors and drowsiness was small, several factors emerged which had consistent impact across treatment groups. Predictors of complaints of drowsiness attributed to active drugs arose primarily from demographic attributes probably reflective of life style, and from illness and treatment history. In contrast, predictors of drowsiness attributed to placebo were almost exclusively confined to indices of the severity of several aspects of presenting symptomatology. In particular, more frequent complaints of drug-induced drowsiness were found among better educated individuals with an illness of long duration. Complaints of placebo-induced drowsiness were more common among patients with more severe emotional (phobic-obsessive) symptomatology and more frequent headaches and among those individuals in whom hypochondriasis was less severe.
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PMID:Nonspecific factors and side effect complaints. Factors affecting the incidence of drowsiness in drug and placebo treated anxious and depressed outpatients. 39 26


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