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Query: UMLS:C0018681 (headache)
 56,091 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Bacterial endocarditis caused by Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans is a rare disease. A 48-year-old man who had a Starr-Edwards aortic valve prosthesis inserted in 1972 was admitted for evaluation of confusion, headaches, anorexia, weight loss, diarrhea and weakness. Six blood cultures yielded gram-negative organisms which were subsequently identified as A. actinomycetemcomitans. Treatment with ampicillin and gentamicin resulted in cure which has been maintained after an observation period of eleven months. This represents the second report of A. actinomycetemcomitans endocarditis in a patient with a prosthetic valve.
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PMID:Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans endocarditis in a patient with a prosthetic aortic valve. 88 Dec 58

Undoubtedly the commonest psychiatric conditions seen in patients from the tropics are reactive depression and hysterical illness. These may both be seen as responses to stress, often over a prolonged period. Although typical depressive and hysterical syndromes are seen in all races, severe tiredness seems to be the principal hysterical symptom amongst Europeans as opposed to bizarre somatic symptoms in Negroes and Asians. Headaches are an important depressive sign in Negroes and Asians. Diarrhoea and abdominal pains may be linked directly to anxiety and depression or may emerge as an unconscious defence against insoluble problems.
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PMID:A study of the symptom patterns of psychiatric referrals in a tropical diseases unit. 100 61

Seventy patients presenting symptoms of hysteria (49 women and 21 men) were selected among patients observed at the Institute Minkowska during the year. This work is part of a research work on socio-cultural and environmental factors which can change mental status of immigrants. These are all portugese workers presenting for the first time atypical mental troubles called by the author: "bastard hysterical syndrome of the immigrant" and characterized partly or totally by the following symptoms: fatigue, anxiety, sense of suffocation, dyspnea, coughing, unilateral chills or generalized chil, abdominal or gastric pains, headaches and "diffused pains", paresthesia, aching back, tears and sorrow, fear of dying or having a cancer, asthenia, leg paresthesia and contractions, vomiting, diarrhea, cardiac pains, palpitations, dizziness and collapsing. These troubles appear sometimes without apparent motives but they are almost always due to a precipitating cause expressed by the patient: a delivery, a familial death, a homosexual proposition, a trauma without importance, a working conflict etc... But the most frequent cause invoked is "the french climate" without knowing precisely what the word "climate" means: atmospheric conditions, athmosphere or reception milieu? This latest interpretation seems more likely after months of psychotherapy. Most patients are not french speaking and cannot write; their origin is rural (familial villages well structured regarding their food and sexual economy), and people well "armed" by a system of defense mechanisms and well adopted conditioned reflexes. In this work, hysteria of the portugese immigrant is compared to childhood hysteria. As the hysterical burst of the child is aimed at calling attention, love of the mother, at finding a solution to a familial or social conflict, the hysterical burst of the immigrant is aimed at the absent family or at its substitutes, the bos, social security, the doctor. Furthermore, the attitude of the hosting Country--wanting and rejecting--is very ambivalent; "tenderness" at the time of reception, followed by indifference. Early attentions are followed by constant interdictions (threat of unemployment, false statements on sexual dangers of the immigrant etc;..). The immigrant, like the hysterical child, is periodically controlled (work and visit cards), supervised (supervisors), The narcistic satisfactions of being called a good worker can be followed by threats of firing in economic crisis. The society of the hosting country requires the immigrant to be identical to this society: language, physical appearance, food. The real paradoxical situation to which the immigrant is confronted and the real or hypothetical fears constitute conditions of experimental neurosis, to which portugese immigrants react very often by a bastard symptomatology of hysterical type, characteristic of displaced man. These preliminary studies are the frame for a future epidemiological survey in this specific population.
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PMID:[Hysteria and psychosomatic disorders in Portuguese immigrants]. 102 Jun 87

A series of 100 consecutive patients seeking pregnancy termination in pregnancy weeks 7-20 were treated with a schedule of 20-mg vaginal suppositories containing prostaglandin E2 (PGE2); the schedule was being tested for its efficacy, specifically reduction of total dose and related side effects. 94 of the 100 patients were aborted within an arbitrary time span of 36 hours. Total drug dose ranged from 40-160 mg. 31 patients received augmentative intravenous oxytocin. Induction-abortion interval varied from 6-32.5 hours. Of the 97 successes, 76 were classified as complete abortions. No significant differences were noted in midtrimester groups based on increasing parity, although parous patients in gestation week 13-15 seemed to have the best results, based on average interval time. No sepsis or need for transfusion was encountered. Side effects were emesis (n-75), diarrhea (n=17), and drug fever (n=66); less frequent side effects included headache, breast tenderness, and vasomotor symptoms (n=13, 1, and 1, respectively). The midtrimester patient results compared favorably with results of studies using saline for abortifacient. The number of first trimester patients was too small to yield any conclusion.
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PMID:Vaginally administered prostaglandin E2 as a first and second trimester abortifacient. 111 58

The first reported outbreak of echovirus 18 meningitis in the United States occurred during the summer of 1972 in Durham, North Carolina. One hundred three cases of aseptic meningitis were seen at Duke University Medical Center over a period of four months. Most of the patients were less than 25 years old, black, and residents of Durham County or nearby counties.. Symptoms included headache (92%), fever (76%), nuchal rigidity (67%), and nausea and/or vomiting (51%). In contrast to previously published reports of echovirus 18 infection, diarrhea and rash were infrequent (6% and 5%, respectively). There were no deaths. Counts of white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid ranged from 0 to 1,540 cells/mm-3, but 90% of the patients had less than 500 cells/mm-3. Echovirus 11 was recovered from the cerebrospinal fluid of 55 of 78 patients, and echovirus 11 was isolated from two patients. Virus was recovered from the cerebrospinal fluid of 12 patients despite white blood cell counts in cerebrospinal fluid of less than 10 cells/mm-3.
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PMID:An epidemic of echovirus 18 meningitis. 116 69

The cytotoxic food test was not found to be an accurate method for diagnosing atopic reactions to foods. Claims that the test correlated with other untoward reactions to foods (eg, headache, diarrhea, fatigue) could not be corroborated. The test itself is time-consuming, dependent on subjective interpretation, and inconsistent in results when repetitive runs are performed on the same patient.
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PMID:Controlled study of the cytotoxic food test. 117 63

At their first visit to a hospital clinic 178 patients referred with a diagnosis of hypertension were given a self-administered questionnaire. They received a similar questionnaire 12 months later. Of the 178 patients 99 were not initially on treatment. Similarly 78 normotensive subjects were drawn randomly from the local population and sent a second questionnaire 10 months later. The symptoms at the first visit of the normotensive controls, the untreated hypertensive patients, and 477 patients on long-term treatment in the hypertension clinic were compared. Treated and untreated hypertensive patients complained more of nocturia and also of unsteadiness either on standing or in the morning. Treated hypertensives complained more of sleepiness, dry mouth, diarrhoea, and, in men, impotence and failure of ejaculation. Similarly, untreated hypertensives complained of excessive depression, blurred vision, and waking headache. Fifty-five of the normotensive subjects and 110 of the newly referred hypertensive patients responded to the second questionnaire. The proportions losing and gaining symptoms were calculated together with the proportions always complaining and never complaining of a symptom. Hypertensive patients tended to lose the complaints of unsteadiness and headache but to gain the symptoms of vivid dreams, a slow walking pace, and diarrhoea. The net improvement for a symptom was defined as the excess of patients who lost a symptom over those who gained the symptom, expressed as a percentage. Over the follow-up period the control subjects had a net improvement averaged over 14 symptoms of +2-4 per cent. A similar result was obtained for the hypertensive patients of +2-0 per cent, the symptoms lost being balanced by those gained. The changes in symptoms with time were related to the changes in blood pressure and it is suggested that only headache, 'unsteadiness, lightheadedness, or faintness' and nocturia can actually result from raised blood pressure and then only in a proportion of patients complaining of these symptoms.
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PMID:Change in symptoms of hypertensive patients after referral to hospital clinic. 125 26

Out of 399 human faeces examined during the first eight months (1975) for the presence of NCV vibrios, one vibrio parahaemolyticus strains has been isolated from a man with acute gastro-enteritis (gastric and abdominal pains, nausea, diarrhoea, headache, general weakness), after having a meal with salted caviar. The strain belongs to Heiberg's group VII and Sakazaki's subgroup I. The virulence tested on chick embryo is 3 times higher (LD50 = 14 germs) if compared with the virulence of V. parahaemolyticus control strain (Sakazaki's strains). First isolation in Romania from a human stool (patient with acute gastro-enteritis).
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PMID:Morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics of Vibrio parahaemolyticus, isolated in Romania from acute gastro-enteritis. 127 98

Two double-blind, double-dummy, randomized multicentre studies compared the safety and efficacy of 10-day regimens of cefaclor advanced formulation (cefaclor AF) (375 mg twice daily) with cefaclor (250 mg three times daily) in the treatment of proven group A beta-haemolytic streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis. Of the 1,138 patients enrolled, 764 (cefaclor AF:392; cefaclor: 372) were evaluated for efficacy. All patients enrolled in the studies (570 treated with cefaclor AF and 568 treated with cefaclor) were evaluated for safety. Clinical and bacteriological evaluations were performed on treatment days 4-6, and after completion of treatment within 3-5 days and 2-3 weeks. In evaluable patients, the post-therapy clinical success and bacteriological cure rates for cefaclor AF were 96.7% and 93.6%, respectively; the rates were 98.1% and 94.1% for cefaclor. Sixteen cefaclor AF-treated patients and 14 cefaclor-treated patients withdrew early from the trial because of adverse events. There were no significant differences between treatment groups in the overall number of adverse events reported. Diarrhoea was the most frequently reported adverse event (5.6%) in cefaclor AF-treated patients, and headache/migraine was the most frequently reported adverse event (5.6%) in the cefaclor-treated patients. Cefaclor AF (375 mg twice daily) is as effective and safe as cefaclor capsules (250 mg three times daily) in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis.
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PMID:Cefaclor AF in the treatment of streptococcal pharyngitis/tonsillitis. 128 18

The safety of cefaclor advanced formulation (cefaclor AF) was evaluated in 3,272 patients participating in 11 controlled clinical trials in comparison with cefaclor (2,210 patients) for a variety of infectious illnesses. Daily doses of cefaclor AF ranged from 500 to 1500 mg, with a mean duration of treatment of 8.1 days (range 1-18 days). There were no significant differences between the cefaclor AF- and cefaclor-treated groups in the frequency of adverse events by body system for all events reported. The majority of adverse events related to therapy were mild and transient. Severe adverse events occurred in 2.1% of the cefaclor AF group and 2.7% of the cefaclor group. The most frequently reported adverse events for cefaclor AF were diarrhoea (3.4%), headache (3.2%), nausea (2.5%) and vaginal moniliasis (2.5% of females). Drug-related adverse events led to early discontinuations in 1.7% of cefaclor AF-treated patients and 1.6% of cefaclor-treated patients. Overall, there were few significant differences in the frequency of adverse reactions between older and younger patients. Notably, elderly patients reported significantly less diarrhoea and fewer hypersensitivity-type reactions. There were, however, more therapy discontinuations due to adverse effects in patients aged 65 years or older than in those less than 65 years of age. Many of the discontinuations were thought to be unrelated to therapy. Alterations in laboratory values in patients treated with cefaclor AF were similar to those seen with other beta-lactam antibiotics. The comprehensive data indicate that cefaclor AF is a safe therapeutic option for a variety of common bacterial infections.
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PMID:Comprehensive safety profile of cefaclor AF in respiratory, urinary tract and skin infections. 128 22


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